`밀핵`, `반투명`, `우주율`, 그리고 자아의 형상 - 성찬경의 시와 시론을 중심으로

장인수 ( Jang In Su ) 영주어문학회 2017 영주어문 Vol.35 No.-

성찬경은 `밀핵`, `반투명`, `우주율` 등의 조어를 통해 자신의 시를 설명하려고 했다. 이들 조어들은 시학의 일반적인 개념으로 정착하지는 못했지만, 그의 창작방법을 이해하는 데 실마리가 되고 있다. 그것들의 조어 방식에서 우리는 그의 심리적 동기를 찾아볼 수 있다. `밀핵`은 그의 오랜 지병인 `결핵`에서 힌트를 얻은 것이다. 그는 `결핵`을 `생명력의 소진(consumption)`으로 파악했고, 의미의 고밀도를 추구하는 `밀핵`은 그 반대 방향에서 생명력을 예술적으로 승화하여 만들 어지는 것으로 상상했다. `밀핵`의 아이디어는 `사리`나 `보석` 등 고체 이미지로 변주되기도 한다. 이러한 이미지들은 모두 `자아의 형상`과 관계가 있다. `반투명`의 아이디어는 상징주의 시론에서 착상한 것으로 보이거니와, 이는 신과 인간 사이의 중개자로서 `예수`, 천상과 지상의 매개자로서 `시인`의 존재에 대한 실존적인 물음으로 이어진다. `반투명`은 그의 또 다른 고질인 피부병과도 관련이 있다. 그는 `반투명`에 대해 쓰면서 `소양증`에 대해서도 썼으며, `막`이라고 하는 신체적인 이미지를 발전시켜 나갔다. 이와 같은 이미지들은 `피부자아`를 연상시킨다. 성찬경은 `오로라`의 형상에서 자신이 고안한 `우주율`의 전형을 발견한다. `오로라`의 이미지는 `막`의 피부자아의 비전을 자연현상에 투사한 것이다. `오로라`의 너울거림은 그대로 자기만의 호흡, 예술적 자아의 내적 리듬으로 상상된다. 성찬경은 `밀핵`에서 `우주율`, 더 나아가 `일자시`로 이어지는 그의 실험이 일관성을 띠고 있다고 주장했다. 그러나 `밀핵`의 상징적 방법은 점차 인접예술이나 종교· 사상 등의 영향으로 추상적 · 형이상학적인 것으로 변해갔다. 그는 자아의 형상을 자주 시에 투영하면서 존재의 비의에 다가가고자 했고, 그로 인해 우리 시사에서 보기 드문 형이상학적 세계를 구축할 수 있었다. 그는 자신의 시와 시론을 대중에게 알리는 과정에서 독창적인 조어를 사용했고, 각종 공연을 활용함으로써 트릭스터로서의 정체성을 만들어갔다. Seong Chan-Gyeong used some coined words in his prose to explain on his own poems. `Dense core`, `translucence`, `universe rhythm` are them. They were not accepted in general poetics, but they became a key to understand on his creation methodology. We can find his psychological motivation in his coinage system. The `dense core` was a cue from tuberculosis, his chronic disease. He thought of `the tuberculosis` as `the consumption of life`, and he regarded `the dense core` as the opposite of it. He imagined that the `dense core` was a fruit of the artistic sublimation. He transformed the image of `dense core` into the other solid image like the small crystal or the jewel. They have relevance to the image of ego. The `translucence` was a cue from the pruritus, his other disease. This idea developed into the imagination of the membrane. It have relevance to the subject of `le moi-peau`. He seek the model of `universe rhyme` in an aurora. It was a havenly version of `le moi-peau`. He imagined the inner rhythm after seeing an aurora in the television. He approached to the secret of existence through exploring the image of his own ego.

Influence of light-curing on the translucence change and color stability of amine-free dual-cured resin cements

최성현,이보람,이빈나,장훈상,황윤찬,오원만,황인남 대한치과재료학회 2019 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.46 No.3

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of light-curing on the translucency change and color-stability ofamine(tertiary)-free dual-cured resin cements after accelerated aging. Two curing modes (dual-curing and self-curing) wereapplied on three dual-cured resin cements (Duo-Link Universal [DLU], Nexus Third Generation [NX3] and RelyX Ultimate [RXU])in this study. Ten specimens were fabricated for each group. In dual-cured groups only, light-activation was performed withpolywave-LED curing unit (Bluphase, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein), where each sides of the samples werephoto-polymerized for 60 seconds. Self-cured groups were kept in the dark storage for 24 hours. The color of the specimenswas measured with spectrocolorimeter (NF999, Nippon Denshoku, Japan) after 24 hours of making samples. After the initialcolor measurements, the specimens were subjected to accelerated aging procedure. Spectrophotometric analysis was carriedout on day 7, day 14, day 21 and day 28 of accelerated aging in 60 ℃ of distilled water. The color characteristics, colordifference (ΔE*), and translucency parameter (TP) of specimens were calculated according to the CIE L*a*b* color systembefore and after aging. All the ΔE* values and TP values were analyzed by 2-way analysis of variance. After aging, all groups revealed clinically perceptible color differences (ΔE*>3.3). Differences in ΔE* values of self-curedgroups were significantly higher than those of dual-cured groups in NX3 and RXU. But there were no significant differencesin ΔE* between dual-cured mode and self-cured mode of DLU. All mean b* values increased after aging. All mean L* valuesdecreased after aging except for self-cured RXU cement. TP values also decreased with aging. TP values of self-cured groupswere significantly lower than those of dual-cured groups in NX3 and RXU. Hence, in conclusion, despite the absence oftertiary amine in the dual-cured resin cements, such resin cements should be polymerized with the dual-cure modes to ensurelong-term color-stability.

멀티 사용자 관점에서의 인간-로봇 상호작용에 관한 연구

정령(Ling Zheng),반영환(Yong-Hwan Pan) 대한인간공학회 2018 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.11

사회적 반투명성을 활용한 온라인 그룹 학습 시스템 개발에 대한 연구

최우진(Woojin Choi),이문환(Moon-Hwan Lee) 한국디자인학회 2022 디자인학연구 Vol.35 No.4

성찬경과 그의 영문학 연구

장인수 현대문학이론학회 2019 現代文學理論硏究 Vol.0 No.78

이 논문에서는 성찬경 시 연구에서 그동안 거의 논의 되지 않은 그의 영문학 논문들을 검토함으로써 성찬경 시론 형성의 비밀을 밝혀보고자 한다. 딜런 토머스는 작시 상 많은 이미지를 활용하고, 이미지들을 변증법적으로 확장하는 방식을 취한다. 그는 이미지에 많은 에너지를 투입하여 시적 밀도를 높이고자 한다. 성찬경은 토머스의 이미지들이 막대한 에너지의 투입이 필요한 시 자체의 ‘기구’와 같은 것에 의해 점점 확장해간다고 본다. 그 ‘기구’ 같은 것을 성찬경은 ‘밀핵’이라는 조어로 구체화한다. 성찬경의 ‘반투명’이라는 개념은 윌리엄 블레이크의 ‘상상력’에서 착안한 것이다. 블레이크에게 상상력이란 하느님의 존재, 영원성을 느끼게 해주는 정신적인 감각이다. 상상력이야말로 유한한 인간이 신을 느낄 수 있게 하는 매개라는 것이다. 그런 점에서 상상력은 블레이크에게 예수 그리스도였다. 성찬경은 이 상상력 개념을 ‘반투명’으로 바꾸어 부른다. 그의 그리스도에 대한 희구로서 ‘반투명’은 1980년대의 정치적 상황과도 겹쳐서 읽어볼 만한 지점이 있다. 성찬경의 ‘요소시’는 의미의 밀도를 추구한 ‘밀핵시론’을 형태상의 밀도 추구로 혁신하고자 한 시도이다. ‘밀핵시’와 ‘요소시’를 그가 연속선상에서 파악할 수 있었던 것은 제라드 맨리 홉킨스의 일기에서 발견한 어휘들의 나열 덕택이었다. 홉킨스의 어휘들은 가공하지 않은 질료 자체만으로도 충분히 아름다울 수 있다는 점을 성찬경에게 알려주었다. 또 일상 회화와 작성된 산문의 중간 형태의 리듬인 홉킨스의 돌발 리듬을 성찬경은 ‘우주율’이라는 조어로 변형하여 수용한다. 성찬경의 영문학 논문들은 이 복잡한 창작 개념들을 한데 묶어 자기만의 시적 체계를 세우려고 한 그의 강한 지성과 의지의 편린들을 담고 있거니와, 그의 시와 시론을 이해하기 위해서는 그의 영문학 논문들을 검토하는 것이 반드시 필요하다.

RCR의 레스 콜스 파빌리온에서 물성의 순차적 변화와 자연의 재현

김학수(Kim, Haksoo),한지애(Han, Jiae) 대한건축학회 2021 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.41 No.1

Comparison of the translucency of shaded zirconia all-ceramic systems

Kurtulmus-Yilmaz, Sevcan,Ulusoy, Mutahhar The Korean Academy of Prosthodonitics 2014 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.6 No.5

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the translucency of shaded zirconia allceramic systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Translucency of 3 different zirconia all-ceramic systems colored by different techniques was compared with a lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (IPS e.max Press). Square-shaped specimens with 0.5 mm thickness were fabricated from In-Ceram YZ, ICE Zirkon and Katana systems in A1, A2 and A3.5 shades according to Vitapan Classical shade tab (n=11). Specimens were then veneered and glazed with corresponding veneer ceramic recommended by each zirconia system manufacturer and the total thickness was set to 1.5 mm. Translucency measurements were performed with VITA Easyshade Compact spectrophotometer after each stage and translucency parameter was calculated. Data were statistically analyzed with repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey multiple comparison test. RESULTS. The control group was significantly more translucent than the zirconia systems (P<.05). ICE Zirkon cores showed the least translucency; neither In-Ceram YZ nor Katana systems were superior to each other in terms of translucency. Translucency of all specimens was decreased after veneering, and the translucency rankings were changed. CONCLUSION. Coloring technique did not have a significant effect on translucency of zirconia cores. Although zirconia systems were less translucent than lithium disilicate glass ceramic, they had partial translucency and there were translucency differences among the zirconia systems. Chroma affected the translucency of precolored zirconia cores.

Effect of coloring treatment of translucent zirconia on the masking ability of metal abutment

이명재,박미경 대한치과재료학회 2023 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.50 No.3

Translucent monolithic zirconia is widely used because it has continuously enhanced color and translucency. However, when translucent monolithic zirconia are used for esthetic zone like anterior, it has problem to be exposed to color of titanium abutment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of coloring and cementing of translucent zirconia on the color masking of titanium abutments. The CIE L*, a*, and b* values were measured using a spectrophotometer in three subgroups after coloring with A2 colorant and white opaque colorant, and the color difference and translucency of each group were analyzed. In the A2 colorant application group, the color difference (ΔE* ) between zirconia and zirconia on titanium abutments was not clinically acceptable (ΔE* >3.3). In the white opaque group and the white opaque plus A2 colorant group, the color difference (ΔE* ) between zirconia and zirconia on titanium abutments was clinically acceptable (1<ΔE* <3.3). The translucency of zirconia was significantly affected by the coloring treatment (P<.001). The Pearson correlation between color difference and translucency parameters was high (r=0.982, R2=0.965). The white coloring treatment to translucent zirconia affected masking of titanium abutment. The combination of A2 colorant and white opaque colorant increased the color masking effect of titanium abutments and achieved a shade similar to natural teeth. Resin cement adhesion to translucent zirconia did not affect the color masking of titanium zirconia. As the zirconia translucency increases, it had less of an effect on the titanium abutment.

Comparison of the translucency of shaded zirconia all-ceramic systems

Mutahhar Ulusoy,Sevcan Kurtulmus-Yilmaz 대한치과보철학회 2014 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.6 No.5

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the translucency of shaded zirconia all-ceramic systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS Translucency of 3 different zirconia all-ceramic systems colored by different techniques was compared with a lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (IPS e.max Press). Square-shaped specimens with 0.5 mm thickness were fabricated from In-Ceram YZ, ICE Zirkon and Katana systems in A1, A2 and A3.5 shades according to Vitapan Classical shade tab (n=11). Specimens were then veneered and glazed with corresponding veneer ceramic recommended by each zirconia system manufacturer and the total thickness was set to 1.5 mm. Translucency measurements were performed with VITA Easyshade Compact spectrophotometer after each stage and translucency parameter was calculated. Data were statistically analyzed with repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey multiple comparison test. RESULTS The control group was significantly more translucent than the zirconia systems (P<.05). ICE Zirkon cores showed the least translucency; neither In-Ceram YZ nor Katana systems were superior to each other in terms of translucency. Translucency of all specimens was decreased after veneering, and the translucency rankings were changed. CONCLUSION Coloring technique did not have a significant effect on translucency of zirconia cores. Although zirconia systems were less translucent than lithium disilicate glass ceramic, they had partial translucency and there were translucency differences among the zirconia systems. Chroma affected the translucency of precolored zirconia cores.

Effects of tooth Whitening and topical Fiuoride Applocation on Shade and Translucency Changes in tooth with Early Caries Lesion

Hyun Riew Kim, Jung-Sook Lee, Myung-Gu, Kim, Yong-Sung 대한임상예방치과학회 2010 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.6 No.1

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate shade and translucency change by means of various topical fluoride application after tooth whitening on teeth with artificial caries lesions. Materials and method: 84 extracted anterior teeth were selected and induced to artificial caries by 0.1 M lactic acid-sodium hydroxide buffer solution, then tooth whitening treatment were performed for 2 weeks. Topical fluoride application was sequentially applied for 4 times. Improvement of shade and translucency were checked by Shadescan and evaluated according to types of whitening agents, topical fluoride agents and application methods. Results: By application of tooth whitening agent, translucency seemed to be increased in all groups (p<0.05), but after 2 weeks, there was no significant difference within group and also between group comparisons (p>0.05). Except of 22% carbamide peroxide gel application group, value difference ratio was decreased significantly and value difference between the lesion and normal tooth area seemed to be increased (p<0.05). At the beginning of fluoride application, translucency was improved significantly in 0.1% sodium fluoride strip group and fluoride varnish application groups (p<0.05) ; at 4 weeks, all groups showed the significantly increased translucency (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between groups comparisons (p>0.05). Control group and 2% sodium fluoride strip application group showed constant increasing of value difference ratio between the lesion and normal tooth area (p<0.05) ; 0.1% sodium fluoride strip group seemed to be steady state ; fluoride varnish group showed continuous recovery of value difference ratio (p<0.05). Conclusion: It seemed that demineralized area of tooth with early caries was remineralized without any treatment, in addtion fluoride application could make it possible to accelerate recovery of tooth shade and translucency. Clinically in case of patient showed incipient caries in their anterior teeth, just applying whitening agent had any alternative plan could make additional inconsistency and demineralization. It was suggested that fluoride application after whitening to such patients could make more desirable improvement of shade and advanced remineralization.