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김용하(Yong-Ha Kim) 현대문법학회 2021 현대문법연구 Vol.112 No.-
In this paper, we try to deal with the mismatch between root and non-root clauses due the evidentiality marker –te- in Korean. As Kim (1981) claims, -te- plays the role of allowing the sentient to avoid his or her responsibility for the reported proposition. Whereas, as has been claimed by previous researchers, -te- is not the sentience head of the SenP. Rather, we assume that –te- is a modal affix selected by the sentience head with the retrospective feature. Thus, -te- does not directly interfere with the problematic mismatch between root and non-root clauses with respect to the person restrictions witnessed in –te- sentences. After all, our conclusion in this paper is that the mismatch between root and non-root clauses with respect to –te- is a phenomenon in which the sentient as an anaphor has different antecedent or controller in various syntactic contexts.
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자기 인지 표현의 통사⋅화용적 구조에 대하여 — ‘-다고 생각하다’를 중심으로 —
이정민 사단법인 한국언어학회 2025 언어학 Vol.0 No.101
This study focuses on the syntactic representation of discourse-pragmatic information in self-quoted cognitive expressions. While previous research has primarily examined the syntax of quotation clauses, little attention has been given to how embedded clauses in self-quoted cognitive expressions interact with the speaker’s epistemic stance and speech act information. To address this gap, this study examines spoken corpus data to identify frequently occurring self-quoted cognitive expressions in natural discourse. The analysis reveals that the construction ‘-dogo saenggakhae (I think that...)’ appears most frequently, particularly in patterns such as ‘Naneun NP-ga johdago saenggakhae’, ‘Naneun NP-ga V-ya doendago saenggakhae’, and ‘Naneun NP-ga V-(eu)l su issdago saenggakhae’. These expressions are not mere factual statements but reflect the speaker’s evaluative stance and judgment, indicating a structured interaction between syntax and pragmatics. Based on these findings, this study explores the discourse-syntactic structure of self-quoted cognitive expressions, the interaction between the speech act phrase (SaP) and the epistemic phrase (SenP) with embedded clauses, and the role of phase extension in their syntactic representation. Unlike previous studies, it argues that embedded clauses are influenced by higher speech act and epistemic domains, with SaP representing the speaker’s utterance and SenP marking the source of information. Cognitive verbs such as ‘saenggakhae’ function as the head of SaP, determining the interpretation of sentence-final forms and modal expressions like ‘-(eu)l su issda’ and ‘-ya doenda’. This study adopts Kim (2009)’s phase extension model, proposing that in self-quoted cognitive expressions, phase boundaries extend to SaP, allowing it to probe into embedded clauses. This analysis in offers insights into the syntactic realization of discourse-pragmatic information Korean.
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김용하 사단법인 한국언어학회 2023 언어학 Vol.- No.97
In this study, we deal with issues with so-called terminal-ending-fused endings in Korean, which consist of sentential terminal endings allegedly fused with other endings. Korean sentential terminal endings mark the illocutionary forces of sentences where they occur, which means that those endings complete (i.e. terminate) sentence-building. The fused endings at issue are very peculiar in that other endings are combined with those terminal endings without any intermediate verbal stems. Though the traditional view on these fused endings is that they result from the deletion of the stem of the utterance verb ha-, some works have recently suggested that they are fused endings produced via the process of grammaticalization. We will see in this study that this suggestion is very dangerous due to its violation of the grammatical system as we know, and that there is a possible way to account for the same phenomena in a more reasonable way.
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