MODIS 위성영상을 이용한 식물계절의 변화와 공간적 분포 특징에 관한 연구

김남신 ( Nam Shin Kim ),이희천 ( Hee Cheon Lee ),차진열 ( Jin Yeol Cha ) 한국환경복원기술학회(구 한국환경복원녹화기술학회) 2013 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.16 No.5

Global warming also has effects on the phenology. The limitation of phenology study is an acquisition of phenology data. Satellite images analysis can make up limitation of monitering data. This study is to analyze spatial distribution and characteristics of phenology changes using MODIS images. Research data collected images of 16 day intervals of 11 years from year 2001 to 2010. The data analyzed 228 images of 11 years. It can figure out changes of phenology by analyzing enhanced vegetation index of MODIS image. We made a comparison between changes of phenology and flowering of cherry blossoms. As a results, Startup of season spatially was getting late from southern area to north area. Startup of Phenology was foreshortened 13 days during 11 years, and change ratios of cherry blooming was getting more faster from 0.18 dat to 0.22 day per year during that same period.

Slowdown of spring green-up advancements in boreal forests

Park, Hoonyoung,Jeong, Su-Jong,Ho, Chang-Hoi,Park, Chang-Eui,Kim, Jinwon Elsevier 2018 Remote sensing of environment Vol.217 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>There is a consensus that the spring phenology of deciduous forests is advancing in response to global warming. Since the late 1990s, however, this tendency of spring phenology advancement has been weakened in over 60% of boreal forests, particularly in Siberia (−0.58 day yr<SUP>−1</SUP> for 1982–1997 vs. −0.17 day yr<SUP>−1</SUP> for 1982–2013) and northwestern North America (NWNA; −0.42 day yr<SUP>−1</SUP> for 1982–1997 vs. 0.07 day yr<SUP>−1</SUP> for 1982–2013). This study investigated the major factor in the weakening trends in the advancement of the start of the growing season (SOS) based on the satellite-observed normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) in two regions by quantifying the effects of four climatic fields—winter duration (WD; the number of freezing days), pre-season temperature (PT; accumulated temperature from late winter to early spring), green-up temperature (GT; accumulated temperature around the green-up date), and pre-season precipitation (PR; accumulated precipitation before the green-up date)—on changes in the spring green-up trend. The GT explained the majority of the slowdown in the SOS trends in recent decades. In Siberia, the GT increases contributed to the advancement of the SOS during the 1980s and 1990s; however, the GT increase reduced to less than half of these periods resulting in a slowdown of the SOS advancing trend since the early 2000s. In NWNA, GT increases and WD shortening drove the SOS advancement until the late 1990s; however, both effects have been diminished to near zero to result in no further SOS advancements. This study demonstrates that the recent slowdown of the SOS advancing trends over Siberia and NWNA was largely attributed to the weakening of the warming trends, rather than the sensitivity changes of spring phenology to climate variables. This study suggests that the natural climate variability strongly affects the decadal variations in the boreal forest spring phenology.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Satellite data reveals a shift in large-scale spring phenology trends. </LI> <LI> The advancing of spring phenology weakened in boreal forests after the late 1990s. </LI> <LI> We assessed the influence of climate variables on the slowdown of phenology trends. </LI> <LI> This slowdown is attributed to weakened warming rather than changes in sensitivity. </LI> </UL> </P>

Phenology and litterfall production of Bruguiera sexangula (Lour.) Poir. in the Sundarbans mangrove forests, Bangladesh

Md. Kamruzzaman,Sumonta K. Paul,Shamim Ahmed,Md. Salim Azad,Akira Osawa 한국산림과학회 2019 Forest Science And Technology Vol.15 No.3

A large number of mangrove species are growing in the Sundarbans Reserve Forests (SRF), Bangladesh, yet little is known about their phenology. The aim of the present study was to understand the phonological patterns such as leaf emergence, leaf fall, flower buds, flowers, and propagules maturation, in the mangrove Bruguiera sexangula using litterfall data. This study was conducted at Karamjol and Ghagramari areas of SRF, Bangladesh and using litterfall data over two (2) years. Leaf and stipule litterfall occurred throughout the years, with distinct seasonal patterns. New leaf production was significantly correlated with monthly day length. Mean total litterfall was 18.75Mg ha1 yr1, with the largest component being vegetative organs (68.4%). Flowers and propagules litterfall were highest in summer and rainy season, respectively. Kendall’s coefficient of concordance, W, revealed that flower and propagule were significantly concordant during the study years. Flowers and propagules litterfall were significantly influenced by monthly day length and rainfall, respectively. The development of propagule could be affected by the climate during the development and the number of flowers etc. The average development period from flowers to propagules was around 4months. B. sexangula did not show any correlation between leaf emergence and reproductive organs production.

Seasonal monitoring of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in a mixed fruit production system

D.W. Harris,K.A. Hamby,H.E.Wilson,F.G. Zalom 한국응용곤충학회 2014 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.17 No.4

Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae), an invasive pest native to Southeast Asia, is nowreportedthroughout North America and Europe.We used traps baited with apple cider vinegar to monitor D. suzukii adultpresence inmultiple crops and associated fruiting plants at theWolfskill USDA GermplasmRepository in Winters,CA, USA from 2011 to 2013. Traps were placed in small (~160m × 40m on average) almond, apricot, cherry, fig,grape, mulberry, peach, persimmon, plum, and pomegranate deciduous fruit orchard blocks as well as a citrusblock and evergreen trees located near a house at the repository. D. suzukii was present in all blocks with thegreatest monthly deciduous fruit captures in the cherry and fig blocks. Few D. suzukii were captured in almond,apricot, pomegranate and grape blocks. Deciduous fruit blocks had two distinct periods of trap capture: springthrough midsummer and again in fall. Most deciduous fruit blocks had low trap captures during the hottestsummer months (August to September) and the coldest winter months (December to April). However, fromlate December through mid-January, high trap captures were associated with the citrus and house sites. Thisstudy provides seasonal trapping data of D. suzukii adults in an unsprayed multi-crop mosaic, and may serveas a model of adult capture patterns across smaller mixed-crop commercial orchards and associated urbanlandscapes.

Temporal and forest-type related dynamics of moth assemblages in a montane cloud forest in subtropical Taiwan

Wu Shipher,Shiao Ming‑Tang 한국응용곤충학회 2023 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.26 No.2

Phenology is a critical component for understanding community responses to climate variability. Although these dynamics are rather known by a well-established taxon, the moths, in the studied temperate regions, however, little is known about the patterns in the vulnerable mountain regions in lower latitudes. We densely investigated the flight phenology of moth assemblages in the primitive forest and plantations in a montane cloud forest of subtropical Taiwan over two years. In total, 21,490 individuals belonging to 851 species of 19 families of moths were collected. We found that pronounced seasonality and forest type drive high levels of species replacement, abundance, and richness. Species abundance, richness, and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index were highly correlated with monthly temperature, being lower in winter and increasing toward summer and autumn. The 40-year plantation supported poorer and less diverse and distinct moth communities than those from the adjacent primitive forest. Moreover, nearly half of 150 prevalent species shifted to an earlier date in the year with warmer spring, with an average phenological advance of 25.4 days across the entire species. The phenology of the latesummer and autumn-flying species with wider ecological traits, such as a broad elevational range, more than one generation, or overwintering as adults, seemed to be more flexible compared with other species. Further longterm monitoring with dense investigation can provide deeper insights into the impact of climatic change on phenological dynamics of montane assemblages and potential ecological consequences.

수 종 목본식물의 화력학적 연구

민병미,최재규 한국생태학회 1993 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.16 No.4

온대낙엽수림의 수 종 목본식물에서 생육초기의 기온과 개엽시기와 관계를 규명하기 위하여 남한산성과 지역에서 1991, 1992 및 1993년 대관령 지역에서 1992년, 3월부터 5월까지 겨울눈의 파열 시기, 개엽이 완료된 시기, 개화 및 낙화의 시기를 관찰 조사하고 이것을 기상자료와 관련시켜 분석하였다. 남한산성 지역에서 개엽이 이른 종은 신갈나무, 진달래, 개벚나무, 노린재나무 등으로 4월 초순이었으며, 늦은 종은 굴참나무, 떡갈나무, 다릅나무 등으로 4월 하순이었다. 그리고 가장 빠른종인 진달래 (4월 8일)와 가장 늦은 종인 굴참나무, 다릅나무 및 떡갈나무 (5월 4일)의 차이는 27일 이었다. 두 지여간 동일 수종의 개엽시기를 비교하면, 남한산성의 것은 대관령 지역의 것보다 8~24일 빨랐다. 한편, 두 지역간 개화시기의 차이는 0~22일로 개엽시기의것보다 적었다. 겨울눈의 파열시기는 일적사온량지수(YDI)와 관계가 있지만 개엽이 완료되는 시기나 개화시기를 예측하는 데는 YDI보다 Nuttonoson의 온량지수(Tn)가 더욱 유효한 것으로 나타났다. To investigate phenological differences among species, and relationship between phenology and air temperatures, we surveyed foliation and flowering times of several woody plants in two temperate forests, Namhansansung and Taegwallyong area, for three years, 1991, 1992 and 1993. In Namhansansung area, the leaves of Quercus mor~golica, Rhododendron mucronulatum, Prunus levezlleana and Symplocos chinensis for. pilosa expanded in the early season(about 10 April), and those of Quercus variabilis, Quercus dentata and Maackia amurensis in the late season(about 5 May). The foliation time of the earliest species(Rhododendron mucronulatum) was 27 days earlier than thzt of the latest(Maackia amurensis, Quercus variabilis and Quercus dentata). In Taegwallyong area, the leaves of Staphylea bumalda and Rhamnus yoshinoi foliated on 25 April and those of Rhus verniciflua and Fraxinus rhynchophylla on 25 May. The annual mean air temperature of Narnhansansung area was $5.5^{\circ}C$ higher than that of Taegwallyong area. Foliation times of the same species were earlier in the former: the differences between two areas were 8~24 day among species. In contrast, flowering times of the same species were 0~22 days earlier in the former. It is concluded that the budding time of leaves was related to year day index(YDI), and foliation time of leaves was related to Nuttonson's index(Tn).

갈조류 왜모자반(Sargassum yezoense)의 계절에 따른 형태변화와 생활사

홍인선,김금애,박정광,부성민 한국자연보호학회 2008 한국자연보호학회지 Vol.2 No.2

Sagassum yezoense (Yamade) Yoshida et Konno is a large fucacean brown alga that occurs in Korea and Japan. The species is one of the most common and abundant marine algae on the east coast of Korea. Investigation on seasonal variation of growth and decline of thalli, reproduction, and morphological features of the species was carried out bimonthly for a target population in Homigot, Pohang, from April 2007 to February 2008. Ten quadrats (50 cm × 50 cm) per every visit were randomly put on S. yezoense beds and, after measuring its coverage, all thalli in the quadrats were collected, and examined for morphology. Surface seawater temperature was in a range of 9oC in February and 22.6oC in September. Coverage was high (74%) in April and low (15%) in October. The average length of thalli was large with 78.2 cm in June and was low 8.6 cm in September. Most of thalli were fertile in June, having male and female receptacles. S. yezoense beds gradually declined from August and small juveniles occurred from October. However, the length of leaves was shorter in June (1.7 cm) than (3.5 cm) in October, and the same was true for leaf width. S. yezoense had germination period from September, and growth period from December, and reproductive period from June. The Pearson correlation coefficient between length of thallus and surface seawater temperature was negative. As a low temperature species on the east coast, S. yezoense will be used as an indicator species for detecting warming of coastal waters in Korea.

홍조류 지네지누아리와 뼈지누아리의 계절생장

이주일,황일기,박정광,김형근 한국자연보호학회 2011 한국자연보호학회지 Vol.5 No.1

Grateloupia asiatica and G. divaricata are edibile marine red algae that commonly occur on the east coast of Korea: G. asiatica occurs in sheltered locations such as estuaries or tide pools, and G. divaricata usually grows at the depth of 2~5 meters under the sea where freshwater flows. We compared growth pattern of both species in Aninjin, Gyoam, Hosan, and Sacheon in order to find suitable location for mass culture of the Grateloupia species. In case of G. asiatica, vegetative and tetrasporangial thalli were found in Gyoam and Sacheon, while gametophytic thalli were found in Aninjin. Population from Aninjin was the largest on the average length of thalli (20.6 cm) among populations studied. Population of G. divaricata in Sacheon seems to be maintained mostly with sporophytes. However, Aninjin and Hosan populations consisted of gametophytes and sporophytes in summer. Population from Hosan was the largest on the average length of thalli (19.8 cm). Based on our results, G. asiatica and G. divaricata repeat a typical triphasic life history of red algae on the east coast of Korea.

Analysis of spatial and seasonal variations of Haemaphysalis longicornis population based on field survey collected under different habitats and years

Sumin Oh,Sunhee Yoon,Jae-Min Jung,Jongmin Bae,Hye-Min Byun,Subin Choi,Geunho Jang,Minjoon Kang,Eunji Kim,Jaekook Park,Keon Mook Seong,Wang-Hee Lee,Sunghoon Jung 한국응용곤충학회 2024 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2024 No.04

In the study, a variation of Haemaphysalis longicornis, a major vector of fever-causing conditions, was statistically analyzed to identify the spatial and climatic factors affecting the time-dependent variations of its population. The survey occurred in different habitats in South Korea. In addition, we developed a predictive model by using a probability function to find the peak occurrence time annually. As a result, the numbers of adults and nymphs were found to be related to temperature and relative humidity and their population peaked at the end of May in all habitats except deciduous forests. This study is expected to provide information on habitat types, times, and climate patterns that require attention to help control H. longicornis populations.

전통시대 기상예측의 자료와 점후론 구조

김일권(Kim, Il-gwon) 한국학중앙연구원 2013 한국학 Vol.36 No.1