도시가스 사업장 근로자에 대한 안전커뮤니케이션, 안전침묵 동기와 침묵행동 사이의 영향관계

김혜진,박달재 한국가스학회 2019 한국가스학회지 Vol.23 No.2

One of the key factors of a safe workplace is to communicate with the workers about safety. For this, natural gas workplace is developing and operating related programs or communication activities. But, if there are silence behavior of the workers on the safety issues in this process, no positive outcomes could be expected for the workplace. The purpose of this study is to examine how safety silence motives, silence behavior, and safety communication influence each other. A total of 233 questionnaires based on the workers of natural gas workplace (in Seoul and Gyeonggi) were analyzed. The confidence analysis is to check consistency of the questions, analysis of the correlations between factors, and regression analysis to verify the hypotheses. As a result, the safety silence motives affected safety communication more seriously than the silence behavior did. Safety communication influenced safety silence motives more significantly than the silence behavior. The safety silence motives can be one of the reasons for safety communication to fail, and it was confirmed that a good safety communication does not necessary mean that there is no safety silence motivation. Based on such results, it is expected that improving and developing the safety communication activities of the workplace, it would improve safety in workplace in general. 안전한 사업장을 만들기 위한 핵심 요소 중 하나는 근로자들이 안전 문제에 대해 활발하게 소통하는 것이다. 이를 위해 도시가스 사업장에서는 관련 프로그램이나 커뮤니케이션 활동 등을 개발 및 운영하는데 노력하고 있다. 그러나 이러한 노력의 과정에서 안전 문제에 근로자들의 침묵행동이 발생할 경우, 사업장 안전관리 향상에 긍정적 변화를 기대하기 어려울 것이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 ○○ 도시가스 사업장(서울 및 경기지역) 근로자 233명을 대상으로 안전침묵 동기, 침묵행동과 안전커뮤니케이션 사이에 영향관계를 조사하고자 관련 설문지를 개발하여 분석하였다. 설문 문항의 일관성을 확인하고자 신뢰도 분석, 각 요인의 영향 변인 간 상관분석 및 가설 검증에 대한 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 안전침묵 동기가 침묵행동보다 안전커뮤니케이션에 그리고 안전커뮤니케이션이침묵행동보다 안전침묵 동기에 높은 영향을 미쳤다. 이러한 결과는 안전침묵 동기가 안전커뮤니케이션이 잘 안 되는 이유 중 하나라 해석할 수 있다. 또한, 안전커뮤니케이션이 잘 된다고 하여 안전침묵 동기가 존재하지 않는 것이아니라는 것도 확인되었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 사업장의 안전 관련 커뮤니케이션 활동을 개선하고, 개발한다면 사업장 내 안전을 전체적으로 향상시키는 데 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

근로자의 안전과 건강의 보호를 위한 사용자의 의무와 근로자의 권리

권순호 한국법정책학회 2023 법과 정책연구 Vol.23 No.1

In the labor relations between labor-management companies in modern industrial society, employers have introduced advanced technological innovations and labor management into the production process, such as mechanizing and automating production means in order to maximize profits. As a result, workers are faced with increased labor intensity, simplified labor, and increased speed of requested work. In addition, with the increase in night working hours and the introduction of shift systems, the working conditions, working content, and working environment imposed on workers have increased the physical and mental fatigue of workers, increasing the likelihood of their health problems such as chronic diseases. Nevertheless, as employers minimize safety․health facilities and rest facilities in workplace to maximize their profits, workers are not guaranteed the right to health in poor working conditions and their right to live is threatened. So there is a need to protect them depending on the characteristics and job description of each workers. For the above reasons, even though the right to health of the people guaranteed by Article 36(3) of our Constitution is right to nation, in order to realize this concretely, the employer is obligated to give comprehensive consideration for safety and health in employment contract. And various measures and regulatory provisions have been enacted not only for the prevention of industrial accidents but also for the right to health of workers in the Occupational Safety and Health Act, which was enacted independently of the Labor Standards Act. Since workers' health problems at work sites are caused by various causes such as working conditions, working contents, and working environment, employers and workers need to cooperate to solve problems. Also it is necessary to reorganize related laws so that education such as accident prevention for the safety and health of workers in the workplace can be more faithful and practical, not just formal education for fulfillment of obligations Meanwhile, today, the subject and scope of responsibility for workers' safety and health issues are expanding. Accordingly, problems such as responsibility for safety issues in the contracting workplace for in-house subcontracted workers, user responsibility for special type of workers (status of workers), and user responsibility for unloading workers (scope of users) have emerged. After all, since workers' safety and health problems are related to various causes such as working conditions, working content, and working environment, it is essential to prepare a comprehensive legal system from the perspective of guaranteeing human dignity, value, and the right to pursue happiness. Therefore, in this paper, we will examine the employer's 'duty of consideration' and 'duty to get a job' for the safety and health of workers through the interpretation of relevant legal definitions and study the remedies for workers' rights and their legal effects in case of employer's non-fulfillment of obligations. 현대 산업사회의 노사 간 근로관계에서 사용자는 이윤의 극대화를 위하여 생산수단을 기계화, 자동화 하는 등 고도의 기술혁신, 노무관리 등을 생산과정에 도입하였다. 이에 따라 근로자는 노동강도가 강화되고, 노동이 단순화되어지며, 요청 작업속도가 증가되는 등의 상황에 직면하게 되었다. 또한 야간근로 시간이 증가하고 교대근무제가 도입되어 근로자에게 부과된 근로조건, 근로내용, 작업환경 등이 근로자의 육체적, 정신적 피로를 증대시켜 만성적 질병 등 그들의 건강상 문제를 초래할 가능성이 높아졌다. 그럼에도 불구하고 사용자들은 자신들의 이윤을 극대화하기 위해 직장내 안전, 보건시설 및 휴게시설을 최소화함에 따라 근로자들은 열악한 근로환경으로부터 건강권을 보장받지 못하고 있으며 그들의 생존권마저 위협당하고 있기에 개개 근로자의 특성이나 직무내용에 따라 이들을 보호할 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 상기와 같은 이유로 인하여 우리 헌법 제36조 제3항에 의하여 보장되고 있는 국민의 건강권은 대국가적 권리이지만, 이를 구체적으로 실현하기 위하여 근로계약관계상 사용자에게 포괄적인 안전, 건강 등에 관한 배려의무가 지워지게 되었고, 근로기준법으로부터 독립 제정된 산업안전보건법에서 산업재해의 방지뿐만 아니라 근로자의 건강권을 위한 각종 조치와 규제 조항이 입법되어졌다. 근로현장에서 근로자의 건강문제는 근로조건, 근로내용, 작업환경 등의 다양한 원인에 의하여 발생하고 있으므로 사용자와 근로자는 문제 해결을 위하여 상호 협력할 필요가 있다. 또한 작업장에서 근로자들의 안전과 건강을 위한 사고예방 등의 교육 또한 의무이행을 위한 형식적인 교육에 그치지 않고 보다 충실해지고 실용적일 수 있도록 관련 법규들을 정비할 필요가 있다. 한편 오늘날에는 근로자의 안전과 건강 문제에 관한 책임귀속의 주체, 범위가 확장되어지고 있다. 이에 따라 사내하도급 근로자에 대한 도급 사업장내에서의 안전문제에 관한 책임, 특수형태근로종사자에 관한 사용자 책임(근로자의 지위), 하역근로자에 관한 사용자 책임(사용자의 범위) 등의 문제가 나타나고 있다. 결국 근로자의 안전과 건강문제는 근로조건, 근로내용, 작업환경 등과 같은 다양한 원인들과 관련성이 있으므로 인간의 존엄과 가치 및 행복추구권의 보장이란 관점에서 종합적인 법적장치가 마련되어지는 것이 필수적이라고 생각한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 근로자의 안전과 건강을 위한 사용자의 ‘배려의무’와 ‘취업시킬 의무’에 대하여 관련 법규정의 해석을 통한 고찰을 해보고 사용자의 의무 불이행시 근로자의 권리구제 방안과 그 법적 효과에 대하여 연구 하고자 한다.

근로관계에서 사용자의 취업시킬 의무와 근로자의 휴식

이희성 충북대학교 법학연구소 2017 法學硏究 Vol.28 No.2

In the labor relation of modern society, as employers introduce high-level of technical innovation and the reinforcement of labor management such as automation and mechanization of the means of production for profit maximization through growth of production to production process, workers had no choice but to face the simplification of labor or reinforcement of labor intensity and the increase in working speed, etc. At the same time, due to the introduction of night work or shift system, labor condition, labor contents, working environment, etc. assigned to workers are likely to cause workers' health obstacle, and besides they are acting as the factors that injure workers' health by increasing their physical and mental fatigue. Moreover, due to poor surroundings such as poor safety, health and relaxation facilities, etc. for capital saving according to employers' profit maximization, workers' health is not secured, and their rights to life are being threatened. Article 36, section 3 of our Constitution provides that the State has an obligation to create healthy life environment and practice positive health policy. However, while the people's constitutional right to health is their rights to the State, in labor relation, it means workers' rights to the employers. Therefore, for keeping workers' health, comprehensive consideration obligation to safety and health, etc., consideration obligation to safety, health, etc. have been given to employers, and in the Industrial Safety and Health Act made independently from the Labor Standard Act, regulations or measures have been introduced not only for industrial accident prevention but for workers' health maintenance. In the labor relation, since workers' health problems are occurring in correlation to complex factors such as labor condition, labor contents, working environment, etc., employers and employees should resolve it collaboratively. In the labor relation, health problem due to direct working supply is important, but it is thought that preparation and breaks for working supply seriously affect workers' health. Accordingly, employers are obliged to prepare break rooms that mean spaces in the work places for workers to take breaks in the work places by releasing their physical fatigue and mental stress in their off-duty hours. It is thought that this is also employers' ‘considerate obligation,’ and applies to ‘an obligation to employ workers’ in a wide sense. If this paper can draw a matter of workers' breaks from ‘considerate obligation’ and ‘obligation to employ workers,’ it is that the paper intends to investigate through the interpretation of Law where the idea of obligation and contents required from employers for employing workers practically and making payment to them exist, and how they are legalized, and in order to draw a clearer distinction between obligations and legal liability of employers and employees, it intends to investigate what legal effects occur in case employers fail to perform the cooperation behavior that is their obligation(Obliegenheit).

사내하도급근로자에 대한 도급인의 안전배려의무 - 계약책임의 확대 논의를 중심으로 -

이지은 ( Lee Jieun ) 안암법학회 2018 안암 법학 Vol.0 No.56

오늘날 급격히 변화되어 가는 산업구조에서 기업은 이윤을 극대화하고 경영 환경의 급격한 변화에 탄력적으로 대응하기 위하여 생산비용 절감, 인력관리의 유연성 확보 등을 목적으로 노무제공자와 직접 근로관계를 체결하지 않고 제3자에게 고용된 근로자를 적극적으로 활용하고 있다. 타인의 인력을 활용하는 여러 형태 중 ‘사내하도급’이란 기업이 제3자와의 민법상 도급계약을 체결하고, 그 도급계약에서 정한 내용에 따라 수급인의 근로자가 도급인인 자신의 사업장 내에서 자신이 제공한 설비, 시설 및 장치 등을 이용하여 도급 업무를 수행하도록 하는 형태를 말한다. 사내하도급에 있어서 수급인의 근로자가 도급인의 사업장 내에서 도급 업무를 수행하던 중 업무상 재해를 당한 경우 사내하도급근로자는 자신과 직접적인 고용관계에 있는 수급인에 대하여 노동 관련 법령상 재해보상 및 민사상 손해배상을 청구할 수 있는 것과는 별개로, 도급 업무의 수행과 관련된 사업장, 설비, 시설 등을 제공하는 등 업무상 재해 발생의 위험원을 지배·관리하고 있는 도급인에 대하여도 일정한 사법적 청구권을 행사할 수 있을 것이다. 사내하도급에서 도급인의 안전배려의무 위반으로 인하여 수급인의 근로자가 업무상 재해를 당한 경우 수급인의 근로자는 자신과 아무런 계약관계에 있지 아니한 도급인에 대하여 민사상 불법행위책임에 따른 손해배상청구권을 행사할 수 있는데, 도급인의 직접적인 불법행위에 기한 민법 제750조의 일반불법행위책임 외에도 구체적인 사실관계에 따라서는 도급인과 수급인의 근로자 간에 실질적인 사용관계가 있는 경우 적용 가능한 민법 제756조 사용자책임, 도급인과 수급인 간에 도급계약이라는 형태를 취하는 점에서 고려할 수 있는 민법 제757조 도급인의 책임, 그리고 도급인의 사업장 내에서 도급인이 제공한 설비, 시설 및 장치를 이용한다는 점에서 민법 제758조 공작물책임 등이 성립할 수 있을 것이다. 나아가 도급인의 안전배려의무와 계약상 책임과 관련하여서는 산업안전보건법 및 민사상 불법행위에 기한 법정채권관계가 인정되지 않거나 혹은 법정채권관계의 인정만으로는 피해자 구제의 실익이 없는 경우를 대비하여, 수급인의 근로자와 아무런 계약관계에 있지 아니한 도급인에 대하여 계약상 책임을 귀속시킬 수 있는지 문제된다. 생각건대 도급인과 수급인 간에 체결한 도급계약에 대하여 제3자 보호효 있는 계약이론을 적용함으로써 도급인이 도급계약에 따라 안전배려의무를 부담하는 보호대상을 수급인 뿐만 아니라 수급인의 근로자에게까지 확장함으로써 도급인이 안전배려의무를 위반하는 경우 사내하도급근로자는 도급인에 대하여 도급계약상 채무불이행에 따른 책임을 물을 수 있을 것이다. The industrial structure of current times aims to achieve mass production and consumption, and corporations are actively retaining a form of employment where corporations retain services of employees employed by a third party, without entering into employment agreement directly with the employees, to reduce cost, be able to flexibly manage human resource and, ultimately, maximize profit and flexibly respond to rapid changes in business environment. Among many forms of employment where corporations retain services of employees employed by a third party is ‘on-site subcontracting,’ where a corporation enters into a subcontracting agreement with a third party and employees of contractor carry out the subcontracted work under such subcontracting agreement, using equipment, facility and tools of the user company in the premises of the user company. When the employees of contractor (i.e. the contract workers) are injured while carrying out the subcontracted work in the user company’s premise, they may not only claim for damages under labor laws and Civil Act against their direct employer, but also make certain judicial claim against the user company which has the control over the risk of work-related injury (such as by providing premise, facility, equipment, etc. for the subcontracted work to be carried out). When the contract workers suffer from the work-related injury, the contract workers may, against the user company (which is in no contractual relationship with the contract workers), exercise their right to claim for compensation for damages caused by civil liability for tort (as prescribed by Article 750 of Civil Act) committed by the user company. Depending on the specific fact, they may claim for: employer’s liability (under Article 756 of Civil Act, which is applicable when the user company and the contract workers are practically under relationship of employment); contractor’s liability (under Article 757 of Civil Act, which is applicable because there is a subcontracting agreement between the user company and the employer of contract workers); and liability of possessor, owner or structure (under Article 758 of Civil Act, which is applicable because the contract workers used facility, equipment and device the user company provided in the user company’s premise.) Here, what is important is that whether the user company (which is in no contractual relationship with the contract workers) can be legally held liable for contractual liability, when no relationship of statutory liability caused by violation of Occupational Safety and Health Act or tort under Civil Act is recognized or the injured cannot practically be relieved exclusively by such recognition. By applying contract theory to the subcontracting agreement between the user company and contractor, which has the protective effect of the third party, the scope of persons subject to the user company’s obligation to assure workplace safety can be expanded to include the contractor, as well as the contractor’s employees. By doing so, the contract workers will be able to make applicable claim for the user company’s breach of subcontracting agreement when the user company violates its obligation to assure workplace safety.

방사선작업종사자 및 방사선관계종사자의 현황 분석과 교내 실습 만족도 조사를 통한 방사선(학)과의 규제에 대한 고찰

정현서,이용기,안성민 한국방사선학회 2022 한국방사선학회 논문지 Vol.16 No.3

In this study, the purpose of this study was to conduct a basic study on the effectiveness and feasibility of the regulation of the Nuclear Safety Act for the department of radiology by examining the questionnaire on the satisfaction of on-campus practice while attending the department of radiology and the current status of radiation workers and radiation related workers. As for the satisfaction of the workers who were designated as frequent visitors while attending the department of radiology and did not handle and operate the radiation generator during on-campus training, 34.62% of the workers answered 'not satisfied'. On the other hand, 50% of workers who were designated as radiation workers while attending school or who were enrolled in school before the regulation of the nuclear safety act and handled and operated radiation generators were 'satisfied' at 50%. In addition, the annual exposure dose of radiation workers in educational institutions was found to be less than 0.05 mSv. If you look at the trends of radiation workers and radiation workers, it can be seen that students who graduate from the Department of Radiology find the most employment in the field dealing with diagnostic radiation generators registered as radiation workers among medical institutions. Therefore, by easing the regulations of the current Nuclear Safety Act or by amending the medical act and the rules on the safety management of diagnostic radiation generating devices, etc. It is presumed that something is necessary. 본 연구에서는 방사선(학)과 재학 중 교내 실습의 만족도에 대한 설문과 방사선관계종사자 및 방사선작업종사자의 현황 등을 조사해 방사선(학)과에 대한 원자력안전법의 규제에 대한 실효성 및 타당성에 대한 기초 연구에 목적을 두었다. 방사선(학)과 재학 중 수시출입자로 지정되어 교내 실습 중 방사선 발생장치를 취급 및 조작하지 못한 종사자의 실습 만족도는 만족하지 못한다가 34.62%로 나타났다. 반면 재학 중 방사선작업종사자로 지정되거나 원자력안전법의 규제 이전에 재학하여 방사선 발생장치를 취급 및 조작한 종사자의 실습 만족도는 만족한다가 50%로 나타났다. 또한 교육기관의 방사선작업종사자의 연간 피폭선량은 0.05 mSv 이하로 나타났다. 방사선작업종사자와 방사선관계종사자의 추이를 보면 방사선(학)과를 졸업한 학생들은 의료기관 중에서도 방사선관계종사자로 등록된 진단용 방사선 발생장치를 취급하는 분야로 가장 많은 취업을 한다는 것을 알 수 있다. 따라서 현재의 원자력안전법의 규제를 완화하거나 의료법 및 진단용 방사선 발생장치의 안전관리에 관한 규칙 등을 개정하여 의료기사 등에 관한 법률에서 정한 방사선(학)과 학생들의 학습권을 보장하고 실무 중심의 교육이 이루어질 수 있도록 하는 것이 필요하다고 사료된다.

Effects of Work-Related Stress on Work Ability Index among Iranian Workers

Vahid Gharibi,Hamidreza Mokarami,Abrahim Taban,Mohsen Yazdani Aval,Kazem Samimi,Mahmood Salesi 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2016 Safety and health at work Vol.7 No.1

Background: Work Ability Index (WAI) is a well-known and valid self-report tool that has been widely used in various studies to identify and avoid early retirement and work-related disability. Nevertheless, very few studies have been carried out to evaluate work ability in Iran. We aimed to investigate the WAI and the effect of work-related stress on it among Iranian workers. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive and analytic study was carried out among 449 workers from five working sectors in three big cities of Iran. Work ability and work-related stress were measured using the Persian version of WAI and the Persian version of Health and Safety Executive Stress Indicator Tool. Results: More than a third of the workers surveyed (34.70%) did not have an appropriate level of work ability (WAI < 37). There was a significant correlation between subscales of work-related stress and the mean score of WAI. Furthermore, the variables of body mass index, sleep quality, exercise activity, job tenure, and three subscales of work-related stress including demands, supervisor support, and role were significant predictors of WAI. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the interventional programs must be focused on improving supervisors support, eliminating ambiguity and conflicts in the role of workers in their job and organization, reducing job demands, improving sleep quality, and increasing exercise activity.

Effects of Work-Related Stress on Work Ability Index among Iranian Workers

Gharibi, Vahid,Mokarami, Hamidreza,Taban, Abrahim,Aval, Mohsen Yazdani,Samimi, Kazem,Salesi, Mahmood Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2016 Safety and health at work Vol.7 No.1

Background: Work Ability Index (WAI) is a well-known and valid self-report tool that has been widely used in various studies to identify and avoid early retirement and work-related disability. Nevertheless, very few studies have been carried out to evaluate work ability in Iran. We aimed to investigate the WAI and the effect of work-related stress on it among Iranian workers. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive and analytic study was carried out among 449 workers from five working sectors in three big cities of Iran. Work ability and work-related stress were measured using the Persian version of WAI and the Persian version of Health and Safety Executive Stress Indicator Tool. Results: More than a third of the workers surveyed (34.70%) did not have an appropriate level of work ability (WAI < 37). There was a significant correlation between subscales of work-related stress and the mean score of WAI. Furthermore, the variables of body mass index, sleep quality, exercise activity, job tenure, and three subscales of work-related stress including demands, supervisor support, and role were significant predictors of WAI. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the interventional programs must be focused on improving supervisors support, eliminating ambiguity and conflicts in the role of workers in their job and organization, reducing job demands, improving sleep quality, and increasing exercise activity.

산재보상법리의 변천

김교숙 한국노동법학회 2003 노동법학 Vol.0 No.16

1. Industrial accidents refer to the employees' injury which results from the labor-relations between employers and employees in the capitalistic society. As all the industries contain the danger of the injury substantially, the worker cannot avoid it Industrial accidents are social phenomena which inevitably occur due to the labor-relations of the capitalistic economic system regardless of the will or conduct of the individual workers. Therefore, the industrial accident should be regarded as the infringement of the injuried worker and his family's right to live. The industrial accident also menaces worker's life, right to live. The industrial accident also menaces worker's life, physical and mental health and his family's living in the modern capitalistic society. From this viewpoint, the industrial accident compensation system should be established as the ex post facto remedy system. 2. As this compensation system is no more than the reflection of the legal principles of this industrial accident compensation system. this thesis deals with the legal principles of the industrial accident compensation under the recognition that the legal principles of the industrial accident compensation should be correctly understood before the full comprehension of the industrial accident compensation system. Firstly, this thesis takes into consideration the processes of the formation and development of the legal principles of the industrial accident compensation system. Generally speaking, the legal principles of the industrial accident compensation have been changed from ① the employer's liability of compensation to the worker's damage according to the common law; to ② the employer's liability of compensation to the injured worker only according to the labor law; to ③ groups of all industrial employer's full responsibility for living for the injured worker and his/her family members according to the social security law. 3. This thesis consists of as follows. 1) As the theories of the industrial accident compensation, ① civil legal theories, ② labor-relation theories and ③ theories for guaranteeing the worker's living have been reviewed and analyzed; 2) The nature of the labor-relations of the industrial accident compensation makes distinction between industrial accident compensation system and other social insurance systems In this context, the legal principles dealing with whether the worker under question was working or not (on duty or not) at the time of the industrial accident were systematically reviewed. 4. Based on the legal principles of the industrial accident compensation mentioned above, this thesis takes into consideration some possible measures for the improvement of the Industrial Accident Compensation And Insurance Law in the future.

AHP를 활용한 방사선작업종사자 안전관리의 상대적 중요도 분석

김근우(Kim, Keun-woo),김선경(Kim, Sun-kyung) 한국지방정부학회 2022 지방정부연구 Vol.25 No.4

본 연구는 AHP 기법을 활용하여 방사선작업종사자 안전강화 방안의 우선순위를 결정하고자 하였다. 분석기준설정을 위해 하이비(Harvey)의 3E를 활용하여 교육･홍보, 환경･기술, 규제･단속 측면을 상위기준으로 설정하고, 방사선안전 제도 검토 및 선행연구에서 방사선안전 항목을 검토하여 각각의 하위 항목들로 구성하였다. 상위항목 분석 결과 환경･기술, 교육･홍보, 규제･단속 분야 순으로 환경･기술 분야가 가장 높게 나타났다. 전체항목 중요도 분석결과 상위 3개 항목은 발주자의 안전조치 의무 이행, 방사선 작업 시 적절한 차폐체 사용, 분야별방사선안전교육 개발 순으로 나타났으며, 하위 3개 항목은 기본교육 강화, 방사선안전관리 지침 마련, 법규 위반 처벌 강화 및 포상금 지급 순으로 나타났다. 설문에 참여한 응답자들은 법규 위반에 따른 처벌강화나 안전관리 지침을마련하는 규제･단속 측면 보다는 발주자의 안전한 작업환경 제공 의무 이행이나 방사선 작업 시 적절한 차폐체를사용하는 환경･기술 측면이 방사선작업종사자의 안전을 강화하는데 중요한 것으로 판단했다. 이에, 향후 방사선작업종사자의 안전을 강화하기 위한 정책적 시사점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 규제･단속 측면보다는 환경･기술 측면에 주안점을 주고 추진해 나가야 한다. 둘째, 발주자의 안전조치 의무가 성실히 이행될 수 있도록체계적인 연구가 필요하다. 셋째, 주요 작업 별 피폭방사선량 측정결과를 분석한 방사선차폐체 이용매뉴얼을 마련하고 현장에 적용해야 한다. 넷째, 분야별 방사선안전교육 개발을 추진하여 교육에 직접 활용해야 할 것이다. This study has attempted to determine the priority of strengthen safety factors for radiation workers using AHP technique. In order to set the analysis criteria, the radiation safety system strengthened after the workers death from company A and radiation safety items presented in previous studies were classified into upper class items in terms of education, promotion, environment, technology, regulation, and crackdown using Harvey s 3E. As a result of the analysis of the upper class items, the environment and technology sectors were the highest in the order of environment, technology, education, public relations, and regulation and crackdown. As a result of the analysis of the importance of all items, the top three ranked items were in the order of fulfilling the obligations of safety measures, using appropriate shields for radiation work, and development of radiation safety education. The bottom three ranked items were in order of reinforcement of basic education, providing guideline for radiation safety management, intensification of punishment and providing reward. Respondents who participated in the survey dicided that aspect of environment and technology using appropriate shields during radiation work or fulfilling the obligation to provide a safe working environment is more important to strengthen the safety of workers rather than the aspect of regulation and crackdown. Accordingly, the policy implications for strengthening the safety of radiation workers in the future are as follows. First, it is necessary to focus on environmental and technological aspects rather than regulatory and crackdown aspects. Second, systematic research is needed so that the obligation of safety measures of the person placing an order can be faithfully fulfilled. Third, it is necessary to prepare a radiation shielding manual that analyzes the measurement results of exposure dose for major work and apply it to the site. Fourth, it is necessary to promote the development of radiation safety education for each field and use it directly for education.

진단용 방사선 관련 업무 종사자의 피폭관리에 관한 연구

임창선 대한의료법학회 2021 의료법학 Vol.22 No.3

의료기관에는 진단용 방사선 발생장치를 취급하는 방사선사, 의사, 치과의사, 치과위생사 등 방사선 관계 종사자가 있다. 그리고 간호사, 간호조무사 등 방사선진료를 보조하거나 방사선 검사실로 환자이송 등을 하는 업무 보조자들이 있다. 방사선 관계 종사자는 「의료법」 등에 의해 방사선 피폭관리가 이루어지고 있으나 방사선 진료업무 보조자 등은 이에 대한 법적 근거가 없는 실정이다. 또한 진단용 방사선 피폭관리는 의료법령에 의해 규율되고 있고, 치료용 방사선과 핵의학검사에 의한 방사선 피폭관리는 「원자력안전법」의 규율을 받고 있다. 이에 진단용 방사선에 의한 피폭관리를 개선하기 위하여 「의료법」 상 진단용 방사선 피폭관리에 관한 규정과 「원자력안전법」 상 관련 규정들을 비교ㆍ 검토하여 보았다. 그 결과로 얻은 주요 내용은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 진단용 방사선에 의한 피폭관리 대상으로 방사선 관계 종사자 외에 방사선 피폭 우려가 있는 간호사, 간호조무사, 임상실습 학생 등을 포함시켜 입법적으로 해결할 필요가 있다. 둘째, 「원자력안전법」에서처럼 진단용 방사선 관계 종사자가 임신이 확인된 경우에는 피폭선량 한도를 명문으로 규정해야 한다. 셋째, 「진단용 방사선 발생장치의 안전관리에 관한 규칙」의 개인피폭선량계의 종류에 관한 규정을 현실에 맞게 개정할 필요가 있다. 넷째, 방사선 관계 종사자, 방사선작업종사자와 수시출입자에 대한 건강진단의 검사항목은 동일해야 할 것으로 보인다. 다섯째, 의료기관에서 진단용 방사선뿐만 아니라 치료용 방사선과 핵의학을 포함한 의료용 방사선 전체를 하나의 법체계에서 통일하여 규율하는 것이 필요하다고 본다. In medical institutions, there are radiation-related workers such as radiological technologists, physicians, dentists, and dental hygienists who handle diagnostic radiation generators. Also, there are work assistants, such as nurses and assistant nurses, who assist in radiation treatment or transfer patients to the radiation examination room. Radiation exposure management for radiation-related workers is carried out under the 「Medical Service Act」, but there is no legal basis for work assistants, etc. And the management of radiation exposure for diagnosis is regulated by the 「Medical Service Act」, and the management of radiation exposure by therapeutic radiation and nuclear medical examination is governed by the 「Nuclear Safety Act」. Thus, to improve the management of radiation exposure for diagnosis, the regulations on radiation exposure management for diagnosis under the 「Medical Service Act」 were compared and reviewed with those of the 「Nuclear Safety Act」. As a result, the main contents are as follows. First, it is necessary to legislate to include nurses, assistant nurses, and clinical practice students who are likely to be exposed to radiation besides radiation- related workers as subjects of radiation exposure management for diagnosis. Second, when a radiation-related worker for diagnosis is confirmed to be pregnant, the exposure dose limit should be defined. Third, it is necessary to revise the regulations on the types of personal exposure dosimeters in the 「Rules on the Safety Management of Radiation Generators for Diagnostics」. Fourth, it seems that health examination items for radiation-related workers, radiation workers, and frequent visitors should be the same. Fifth, It is necessary to unify and regulate diagnostic radiation and all medical radiation, including therapeutic radiation and nuclear medicine, in one legal system.