정치 성향이 고객참여행동 및 고객시민행동에 미치는 영향: 서비스 가격 수준 및 소비 상황의 조절효과

안진아,박종철 한국상품학회 2024 商品學硏究 Vol.42 No.3

최근 고객의 갑질행위가 사회적 문제로 대두되면서 고객과 서비스 제공자의 평등한 관계를 촉구하는 '매너 소비' 개념이 부상하였다. 본 연구는 서비스 접점에서 고객의 참여행동 및 시민행동을 예측하기 위해 사회계층에 대한 태도를 반영하는 정치 성향에 초점을 두었다. 구체적으로 본 연구는 정치 성향이 고객참여행동 및 고객시민행동에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 또한 권력거리신념을 매개변수로 도입하고, 서비스 가격 수준과 소비 상황의 조절효과를 분석하였다. 설문조사는 헤어미용 서비스를 이용한 경험이 있는 성인 소비자 594명을 대상으로 진행되었다. 연구 결과, 첫째, 보수적인 소비자는 진보적인 소비자보다 권력거리신념이 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 권력거리신념이 높을수록 고객참여행동과 시민행동이 감소하였다. 셋째, 보수적인 소비자는 서비스 가격을 높게 지각할수록 권력거리신념이 더욱 높아졌다. 넷째, 보수적인 소비자는 공적(vs. 사적) 상황에서 권력거리신념이 낮아지는 경향이 있었다. 본 연구는 정치 성향과 고객참여행동 및 시민행동의 관계를 처음으로 규명한 연구 중 하나로, 정치 성향에 따른 소비자의 고객참여행동 및 고객시민행동을 이해하고 관련 연구를 확장할 수 있는 기초를 마련하였다. 더불어 고객의 서비스 참여를 극대화함으로써 서비스 조직의 성과와 경쟁력을 향상시킬 수 있는 전략적 시사점을 제시하였다. Recently, as customer abusive behavior has emerged as a social problem, the concept of ‘manners consumption’ has emerged, which calls for an equal relationship between customers and service providers. This study focuses on political ideology, which reflects attitudes toward social hierarchy, to predict customer participation behavior and citizenship behavior at service encounters. Specifically, this study examined the impact of political ideology on customer participation behavior and customer citizenship behavior. We also introduced power distance beliefs as a mediating variable and analysed the moderating effects of service price level and consumption situation. The survey was conducted among 594 adult consumers who have used hairdressing services. The results showed that, first, conservative consumers had higher power distance beliefs than liberal consumers. Second, higher power distance beliefs were associated with lower customer participation behavior and citizenship behavior. Third, conservative consumers had higher power distance beliefs when they perceived higher prices for services. Fourth, conservative consumers tended to have lower power distance beliefs in public (vs. private) situations. As one of the first studies to examine the relationship between political ideology and customer participation behavior and citizenship behavior, this study provides a foundation for further research to understand and extend the understanding of customer participation behavior and citizenship behavior of consumers based on political ideology. This study also provides strategic implications for service organisations to improve their performance and competitiveness by maximising customers' participation.

부산·울산·경남지역 빈곤층의 정치태도와 투표행태

박병철(Park Byoung-Chul) 21세기정치학회 2006 21세기 정치학회보 Vol.16 No.2

This study, base on the result of political consciousness among the poor in 2004 social survey, attempts to identify political attitudes and voting behaviors of the poor in Busan, Ulsan, and South Gyoungnam Province with 2004-2005 interview result. In case of the political consciousness result from 2004 social survey, the level of political interest, efficacy, and trust were comparatively low compare with that of political participation. The results of the interview indicate that why the poor has these levels of political attitudes: the poor show political distrust since they still severely suffer from economic strain in the every day life and corruption of politics negatively influences on political disbelief of the poor when current economic situation was not recover yet. The poor show not positive types of political participations such as political donation, and active involvements to political campaigns but passive types of political participations. According to voting behaviors analysis of the poor, we might say that regionalism is still important impact of voting behaviors even though we could find other major influences such as generation and ideology variables. Therefore, this study suggests that voting behaviors of the poor is mainly based on irrational and apolitical motivation. Moreover, supporting political party, candidate, and policy were not involved in cognitive or evaluative orientation but affective orientation such as distrust of current government. Finally, this study concludes that these types of political consciousness and behaviors of the poor are reponses of the their economic strain and distrusts of current politics. Therefore, in order to integrate the poor as one of social members, our society need to focus on policy that covers realistic interest for the poor and reform of current political environment.

선거보도 이용 동기가 유권자 정치행태에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 : 이용과 충족 접근을 중심으로

송종길,이호영,박상호 한국정치커뮤니케이션학회 2007 정치커뮤니케이션 연구 Vol.7 No.-

본 연구는 아직 우리나라에서 심도 있게 분석되지 않은 선거보도 이용 동기를 분석하고 있을 뿐만 아니라, 선거보도가 유권자들의 정치참여에 미치는 영향, 그리고 정치참여에 주요한 영향을 미치는 정치관여도, 정치냉소주의와 미디어 중요성이 투표행위에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 먼저, 선거보도 이용 동기는 ‘선거보도 신뢰/상호작용(1요인)’, ‘습관/시간보내기 (2요인)’, ‘선거보도 흥미/대화 소재 제공(3요인)’, ‘적극적 선거관여(4요인)’, ‘선거 즐기기(5요인)’, ‘선거흐름 편승(6요인)’, ‘선거 추이 파악(7요인)’, ‘정당/후보자 파악 및 투표(8요인)’, ‘선거정보습득(9요인)’ 등으로 나타났다. 선거보도 이용 동기의 영향에 관한 분석결과, 선거보도 이용 동기 중에서 ‘선거 즐기기’ 요인이 정치냉소주의, 정치관여도와 미디어 중요성에 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났으며, ‘선거정보 습득’ 요인은 정치관여도와 미디어 중요성에 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 투표행위에 관한 분석결과, ‘선거 추이 파악’ 요인은 투표행위에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나, ‘습관/시간보내기’는 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 미디어 중요성만이 투표행위에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과를 볼 때, 제4회 동시지방선거에서의 선거보도 이용 동기는 정보차원 보다는 휴식, 흥미, 즐기기 차원이 주요한 동기였음을 알 수 있고, 선거 정보원으로써 미디어가 유권자의 정치행태에 많은 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. This study analyzed the impact of impact of motivations to use political campaign news on political involvement, political cynicism, media importance and voting behavior. In addition, the study analyzed the impact of Political Campaign News on political participation. The motivations to use political campaign news are ‘trust in political campaign news/interaction(first factor)’, 'habit/pass time(second factor)', ‘interest in political campaign news/acquisition for talk material(third factor),' 'active political involvement(fourth factor),’ ‘enjoying election(fifth factor),’ 'following election process(sixth factor),’ ‘understanding election process(seventh factor),' 'evaluating party and candidate/voting(eighth factor),' and ‘acquisition of election information(ninth factor).' Based on the results of analyzing impact of motivations to use political campaign news, ‘enjoying election’ is found to have positive effect on political cynicism. ‘Acquisition of election information' has positive effect on political involvement and media importance. In addition to results of analyzing voting behavior, 'following election process' has positive effect on voting behavior, whereas 'habit/pass time' has negative effect on voting behavior.

조직정치지각이 사회적 태만행동에 미치는 영향: 조직냉소주의의 매개역할 및 학습목표지향의 조절역할

허선,정원호,이지영 대한경영학회 2019 大韓經營學會誌 Vol.32 No.6

Recently, studies in the field of organizational behavior have largely focused on the positive behaviors of organizational members, such as organizational citizenship behavior and innovative behavior while relatively less attention has been given to the negative behaviors of organizational members. Among negative behaviors, this study aims to examine the antecedent of and influential processes on social loafing behavior of organizational members. Even though organizations have strived to find ways and introduce systems in order to improve work efficiency and effectiveness of organizational members, there are still many organizational members who are socially loafing. Therefore, it is very important for organizations to come up with means to reduce or remove negative behaviors of organizational members as much as to foster and improve positive behaviors of organizational members. Scholars have suggested that organizational politics have negative effects on the perception of organizational members so that they think that their organizational environments are not fair when other members utilize politics to gain benefits. This study aims to test the effects of perceived organizational politics on social loafing behaviors of organizational members. We also suggested that the influential process of perceived organizational politics on social loafing behavior would be mediated by organizational cynicism. Moreover, it is also suggested that the effects of perceived organizational politics on social loafing behavior through organizational cynicism will be moderated by learning goal orientation of organizational members. Data were collected from the local government officers through 2 time points and the final sample size was 260 respondents. The results of this study show that perceived organizational politics increased social loafing behaviors of organizational members. That is, organizational members with higher perception of organizational politics are more likely to increase social loafing behaviors. The relationship between perceived organizational politics and social loafing behaviors was fully mediated by organizational cynicism. The effects of perception on organizational politics increase organizational cynicism, and then the increased organizational cynicism has positive effects on social loafing of organizational members. The effects of organizational cynicism on social loafing behavior of organizational members were moderated by learning goal orientation, such that the effects of organizational cynicism on social loafing behavior were stronger for those with high learning goal orientation than those with low learning goal orientation. With further examination, it was found that those with lower learning goal orientation show higher level of social loafing behaviors regardless of the level of organizational cynicism. However, those with higher learning goal orientation show lower level of social loafing behaviors with low level of organizational cynicism and their social loafing behaviors were increased with the increase of their organizational cynicism. Finally, the indirect effect of perceived organizational politics on social loafing behaviors through organizational cynicism was also moderated by the level of learning goal orientation such that the indirect effect was only statistically significant when learning goal orientation was high. 본 연구는 조직구성원의 부정적 행동 중에서 사회적 태만행동의 선행요인과 그 영향력 과정에 대한 연구이다. 최근 업무 효율성을 높이기 위한 조직들의 노력에도 불구하고 조직 내 사회적 태만행동은 사라지지 않고있는데, 조직에서는 조직구성원의 긍정적 행동을 장려하는 것만큼 부정적 행동을 예방하는 것이 중요하다. 다양한 선행연구에도 불구하고 무엇이 사회적 태만행동을 유발하는지에 대한 관심은 상대적으로 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구는 이러한 문제인식 속에서 사회적 태만행동의 선행요인으로 조직정치지각의 영향을 확인함으로써 기존 선행연구의 영역을 확장하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 또한 조직정치지각과 사회적 태만행동의 관계에서조직냉소주의의 매개효과를 확인하고, 조직구성원들의 학습목표지향이 이러한 영향력 관계에 어떠한 영향을미치는지를 확인하고자 하였다. 본 연구를 수행하기 위하여 기초지방자치단체 공무원 260명을 대상으로 자료를수집하여 분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 조직정치지각이 높을수록 사회적 태만행동은 높아지며, 조직정치지각과 사회적 태만행동의 관계를 조직냉소주의가 완전 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 조직냉소주의와 사회적태만행동 간의 정적 관계는 학습목표지향이 높을수록 더 강하게 나타났다. 그런데 조절효과에 대한 분석결과학습목표지향이 낮은 구성원의 경우에는 조직냉소주의의 변화와 상관없이 높은 사회적 태만행동을 보인 반면에 학습목표지향이 높은 구성원의 경우에는 조직냉소주의가 증가함에 따라서 사회적 태만행동이 증가하는현상을 보였다. 한편, 조직냉소주의를 매개로 조직정치지각이 사회적 태만행동에 미치는 간접효과도 학습목표지향에 따라서 달라짐이 확인되었다. 본 연구는 사회적 태만행동 선행요인으로 조직정치지각이 미치는 영향을확인하였다는 점과, 구성원의 개인특성인 학습목표지향의 조절효과를 확인하였다는 점에서 시사점이 있다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 조직이 구성원의 사회적 태만행동을 줄이기 위해서는 조직 내 구성원들의 조직정치지각을 낮추기 위한 운영 측면에서의 고민이 필요하며, 조직구성원에게 우호적인 업무환경을 조성해 줄필요성이 있음을 확인하였다는 점에서 실무적인 함의를 제공한다. 아울러 연구의 한계 및 향후 연구방향에대해 논의하였다.

제17대 대통령 선거기간에 미디어 신뢰도와 정치행태에 관한 연구 -정치 신뢰도, 부정주의, 정치 정보효능감을 중심으로-

송종길,고삼석,박상호 한국정치커뮤니케이션학회 2010 정치커뮤니케이션 연구 Vol.0 No.16

본 연구는 제17대 대통령 선거기간 중에 미디어 신뢰도와 유권자의 정치행태에 관한 연구이다. 아직까지 우리나라에서는 미디어 신뢰도와 유권자의 정치행태에 관한 연구가 많지 않다. 분석결과, 우선 매체별 신뢰도에 대한 유권자의 평가는 지상파방송, 신문, 케이블방송, 인터넷 순으로 신뢰도평가가 나타났다. 다음으로 매체별 미디어 신뢰도가 정치적 신뢰・부정주의・정치 정보효능감에 미치는 영향에 관한 회귀분석결과, 신문 신뢰도의 경우 정치적 신뢰에는 부정적인 영향을 미쳤고, 부정주의에는 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 반대로 지상파방송 신뢰도의 경우는 정치적 신뢰도에는 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤고, 부정주의에는 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 정치 정보효능감에는 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 인터넷 신뢰도의 경우 정치 정보효능감에만 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 세 번째로 매체별 미디어 신뢰도가 투표행위에 미치는 영향에 관한 회귀분석결과, 신문 신뢰도는 투표행위에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났지만, 인터넷의 경우는 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 정치적 신뢰・부정주의・정치 정보효능감이 투표행위에 미치는 영향에 관한 회귀분석결과, 정치 정보효능감만이 투표행위에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 신문과 지상파방송이 뉴스미디어를 대표했던 시대를 지나서 케이블방송과 인터넷이 대표되는 뉴스미디어 시대가 도래했지만, 선거기간에 주요한 정보매체 또는 미디어 신뢰도는 아직까지 올드미디어인 신문과 지상파방송이 자리매김하고 있다는 것으로 나타났다. This study is about the research on media credibility and political behavior of the voters seen during the 17th presidential election. The studies concerning on this issues which are media credibility and political behavior have not been done much in Korea. By research finding first, evaluation of media credibility of news media terrestrial broadcast, newspaper, cable TV, Internet appeared in order to evaluate. Next, each media credibility and the political trust, negative attention, the correlation between political information efficacy analysis, the only terrestrial broadcasts and a positive correlation between political trust. Political information efficacy and newspapers, terrestrial broadcasting, cable television, Internet, and a positive correlation were found. As a third each media credibility effect voting behavior on the regression analysis, Newspaper credibility was expose that affect positive voting behavior, and internet is found a negative effect. Finally, political trust, negativism, political efficacy information regarding the effect on the voting behavior regression analysis, and only political information efficacy gave a positive effect on voting behavior. Newspapers and terrestrial broadcast news media representatives after the era of cable television and the Internet era the news media are represented. Information leading to the elections, the media or media credibility and the newspaper is still the old word for terrestrial broadcasting media has become. Campaign period leading to the news media(media credibility), yet the old newspapers and terrestrial broadcast media is.

윤리적 리더십이 조직시민행동과 일탈행동에 미치는 영향 - 리더만족의 매개역할 및 정치적 기술의 조절효과 -

김왕선,손승연,정원호 한국인적자원관리학회 2015 인적자원관리연구 Vol.22 No.1

최근 사회적 이슈가 되는 다수의 사건들은 조직의 윤리성에 대한 관심을 더욱 증대시키고 있다. 더욱이 조직의 비윤리성은 이미지 실추와 함께 실질적인 성과를 떨어뜨리며, 때로는 돌이킬 수 없는 불행한 종말 을 가져오기도 한다. 이러한 현실은 우리 사회 전반에 걸쳐 윤리에 대한 인식과 그 수준이 향상되어야 하는 이유가 된다. 그에 따라 그 어느 때보다도 윤리경영의 핵심인 윤리적 리더십의 중요성이 커지고 있 다. 이런 시점에서 본 연구는 윤리적 리더십이 조직의 효과성에 직결되는 구성원의 조직시민행동 및 일탈 행동에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 살펴보았다. 그리고 이 관계에서 리더만족의 매개역할과 구성원의 정치적 기술의 조절효과를 검증하였다. 군 간부 150명과 직속상사 90명의 자료를 토대로 회귀분석을 실시한 결과, 상사의 윤리적 리더십이 높아질수록 조직에 이로운 조직시민행동은 높아지는 것으로 나타났으며, 반대로 반생산적 업무행동인 일탈행동은 줄어드는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 Baron & Kenny(1986)의 매개효과 검증 방법 및 SPSS macro의 부트스트래핑 방식으로 윤리적 리더십의 간접효과를 확인한 결과, 윤리적 리더십은 리더만족을 통해 조직시민행동 및 일탈행동에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막 으로, 구성원의 정치적 기술이 낮을수록 윤리적 리더십과 리더만족 간의 관계가 더 강하게 나타남을 확인 할 수 있었다. 본 연구는 주로 서구에서 밝힌 구성원의 조직시민행동 및 일탈행동에 미치는 윤리적 리더 십의 효과를 국내 표본을 대상으로 확인함으로써 선행연구 결과의 일반화를 확장하였다는 시사점이 있 다. 특히 국내에서는 윤리적 리더십과 일탈행동 간의 관계에 대한 연구가 더욱 제한적이라는 점에서 실질 적인 함의를 제공하고 있다. 또한 리더만족의 매개역할 검증을 통해 윤리적 리더십과 구성원의 조직시민 행동 및 일탈행동 간의 관계에 대한 심층적인 이해를 높였다. 마지막으로 본 연구는 선행연구에서 고려되 지 못한 구성원의 정치적 기술이 윤리적 리더십에 대한 태도적 반응에 영향을 미칠 수 있다는 것을 밝힘 으로써 윤리적 리더십 역학관계에 대한 이해의 증진은 물론, 실무적인 시사점을 제공하고 있다. 아울러 말미에 연구의 한계 및 향후 연구방향에 대해 논하였다. Recently, more and more researchers have been interested in the ethical practices of organizations because of the ethical dilemmas and scandals occurred in modern organizations. The unethical practices of organizations tarnish the image of the organizations and drop the performance, which consequently influence the fate of the organizations. Therefore, the scholarly interests on ethics in business practice have been growing over last decade and one of the widely studied topics is ethical leadership since it has been considered the core of ethical business management. The purpose of this study is to explore the role of ethical leadership in predicting the behaviors of organizational members. In particular, we examined how ethical behaviors of leaders are related to both positive and negative behaviors of followers. Furthermore, we investigated the mediating effects of subordinate's satisfaction with leader on the relationships between ethical leadership and behaviors of subordinates. Finally, we tried to verify the interaction effects of subordinate's political skill with ethical leadership on subordinate's organizational citizenship behaviors and deviant behaviors through their satisfaction with leader. The sample for this study comes from the Republic of Korea Army. The final sample consists of 90 leaders and 150 subordinates. The results of this study show that ethical leadership has not only positive effects on organizational citizenship behaviors but also negative effects on deviant behaviors. It indicates that leaders ethical behaviors foster positive voluntary behaviors of subordinates and restrict negative behaviors. In addition, satisfaction with leader mediates the relationships between ethical leadership and subordinate’s positive discretionary behaviors (i. e., organizational citizenship behaviors) and negative behaviors (i. e., deviant behaviors). This results indicates that the effects of ethical leadership on subordinates’ behaviors occurs through satisfaction with leaders. Subordinates satisfy with their leaders when they see ethical behaviors of their leaders and then they are more likely to show positive discretionary behaviors whilst reducing negative behaviors. Finally, the moderating effect of subordinate’s political skill was also verified, such that the amount of satisfaction variation was low when a subordinate is politically skilled. This indicates that a person with low political skill tend to be more sensitive to the behaviors of their subordinates due to the lack of internal resources than those with high political skill who can easily interact with external environments. The findings of this study provide several implications. First of all, as hypothesized, leaders ethical behaviors influence both positive and negative behaviors of their subordinates. These findings can be explained by social learning theory and social exchange theory. When subordinates experience ethical leadership they not only learn their leaders’ behaviors but also try to return their leaders favors. Second, the process of the effects of leaders behaviors occurs first through formulating subordinates’ attitude toward their leaders. While there have been requests to explore the influence process of ethical leadership there have been few studies which examined the process of ethical leadership. This study explained one way of influence process of ethical leadership. Finally, the effects of leaders’ ethical behaviors on followers’ attitude are dependent on the level of internal resources of followers. This result indicates that we should consider followers characteristics in order to more thoroughly understand the effects of ethical leadership.

정치광고에 대한 유권자의 인지욕구 수준과 메시지 프레이밍 유형에 따른 투표 행동에 관한 연구

김재영,강태중 한국정치커뮤니케이션학회 2013 정치커뮤니케이션 연구 Vol.0 No.30

At the present time when college students are actively participating in politics as voters, the purpose of this study is to find out through an experiment what effects college students' attitude toward political advertisements ultimately have on their voting behaviors. As part of an effort to understand the political participation of younger generation, finding out what criteria are used for evaluating political advertisements and analyzing to what extent these criteria affect the actual voting behaviors make a valuable study in terms of forming healthy political advertisements and establishing the proper standards for the elements of political advertisements. Thus, in this study, college student voters' level of need for cognition was classified into three levels: high, medium, and low;and then,experiment-based analysis was carried out on their attitudes towards political advertisements and the candidates presented in them;their perceptions about the candidates presented in the political advertisements;their attitudes towards public confidence for party; and their voting behaviors towards political advertisements, respectively, according to the types of message framing. According to the experiment-based analysis of the effects of persuasion from political advertisements, similar results were found in all dependent variables. In other words, in all dependent measures including attitudes towards political advertisements, attitudes towards candidates presented in political advertisements, perceptions about the candidates presented in the political advertisements, attitudes towards public confidence for party, and voting behaviors towards political advertisements,interaction effects were found between voters' level of need for cognition and types of message framing. Main effects were neither identified between level of need for cognition and dependent measures nor between types of message framing and dependent measures. However, in terms of attitudes towards political advertisements, main effects were found to be different depending on level of need for cognition. 본 연구는 유권자로서 대학생들의 정치 참여가 활발하게 이루어지고 있는 시점에서대학생들의 정치 광고에 대한 태도가 궁극적으로 투표행동에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 실험을 통해 밝혀보는데 있다. 젊은 세대의 정치적 참여에 대한 이해 노력의 일환으로 정치광고의 평가에 어떠한 기준을 가지고 있는지 그리고 그러한 기준이 실제 투표행동에 어느 정도로 영향을 미치는 지를 분석하는 것은 건전한 정치광고의 형성과 올바른정치 광고 요소의 기준 정립이라는 측면에서 연구의 가치가 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 대학생 유권자의 인지욕구 수준을 고, 중, 저로 구분하여 메시지 프레이밍의 유형에따라 정치광고에 대한 태도, 정치광고 후보자에 대한 태도, 정치광고 후보자에 대한 인지, 정당 공신력에 대한 태도 그리고 정치광고에 대한 투표행동을 실험으로 통하여 분석하였다. 실험을 통해 정치광고에 대한 설득 효과를 분석한 결과, 모든 종속변인에서 유사한연구결과가 나타났다. 즉, 정치광고에 대한 태도, 정치광고 후보자에 대한 태도, 정치광고 후보자에 대한 인지, 정당 공신력에 대한 태도 그리고 정치광고에 대한 투표행동등의 종속측정치에서 유권자의 인지욕구 수준과 메시지 프레이밍의 유형간에 상호작용효과가 나타났다. 주효과의 경우에도 상호작용효과와 마찬가지로 인지욕구 수준과 종속측정치간 그리고 메시지 프레이밍 유형과 종속측정치간에 밝혀지지 않았다. 다만 정치광고에 대한 태도에 있어서는 인지욕구수준에 따라 상이하게 나타나는 주효과가 있었다.

윤리적 리더십이 조직시민행동과 일탈행동에 미치는 영향 -리더만족의 매개역할 및 정치적 기술의 조절효과-

김왕선 ( Wang Seon Kim ),손승연 ( Seung Yeon Son ),정원호 ( Won Ho Jeung ) 한국인적자원관리학회 2015 인적자원관리연구 Vol.22 No.1

Recently, more and more researchers have been interested in the ethical practices of organizations because of the ethical dilemmas and scandals occurred in modern organizations. The unethical practices of organizations tarnish the image of the organizations and drop the performance, which consequently influence the fate of the organizations. Therefore, the scholarly interests on ethics in business practice have been growing over last decade and one of the widely studied topics is ethical leadership since it has been considered the core of ethical business management. The purpose of this study is to explore the role of ethical leadership in predicting the behaviors of organizational members. In particular, we examined how ethical behaviors of leaders are related to both positive and negative behaviors of followers. Furthermore, we investigated the mediating effects of subordinate``s satisfaction with leader on the relationships between ethical leadership and behaviors of subordinates. Finally, we tried to verify the interaction effects of subordinate``s political skill with ethical leadership on subordinate``s organizational citizenship behaviors and deviant behaviors through their satisfaction with leader. The sample for this study comes from the Republic of Korea Army. The final sample consists of 90 leaders and 150 subordinates. The results of this study show that ethical leadership has not only positive effects on organizational citizenship behaviors but also negative effects on deviant behaviors. It indicates that leaders ethical behaviors foster positive voluntary behaviors of subordinates and restrict negative behaviors. In addition, satisfaction with leader mediates the relationships between ethical leadership and subordinate’s positive discretionary behaviors (i. e., organizational citizenship behaviors) and negative behaviors (i. e., deviant behaviors). This results indicates that the effects of ethical leadership on subordinates’ behaviors occurs through satisfaction with leaders. Subordinates satisfy with their leaders when they see ethical behaviors of their leaders and then they are more likely to show positive discretionary behaviors whilst reducing negative behaviors. Finally, the moderating effect of subordinate’s political skill was also verified, such that the amount of satisfaction variation was low when a subordinate is politically skilled. This indicates that a person with low political skill tend to be more sensitive to the behaviors of their subordinates due to the lack of internalresources than those with high political skill who can easily interact with external environments. The findings of this study provide several implications. First of all, as hypothesized, leaders ethical behaviors influence both positive and negative behaviors of their subordinates. These findings can be explained by social learning theory and social exchange theory. When subordinates experience ethical leadership they not only learn their leaders’ behaviors but also try to return their leaders favors. Second, the process of the effects of leaders behaviors occurs first through formulating subordinates’ attitude toward their leaders. While there have been requests to explore the influence process of ethical leadership there have been few studies which examined the process of ethical leadership. This study explained one way of influence process of ethical leadership. Finally, the effects of leaders’ ethical behaviors on followers’ attitude are dependent on the level of internal resources of followers. This result indicates that we should consider followers characteristics in order to more thoroughly understand the effects of ethical leadership.

정치광고에 대한 유권자의 인지욕구 수준과 메시지 프레이밍 유형에 따른 투표 행동에 관한 연구

김재영,강태중 한국정치커뮤니케이션학회 2013 정치커뮤니케이션 연구 Vol.30 No.-

본 연구는 유권자로서 대학생들의 정치 참여가 활발하게 이루어지고 있는 시점에서 대학생들의 정치 광고에 대한 태도가 궁극적으로 투표행동에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 를 실험을 통해 밝혀보는데 있다. 젊은 세대의 정치적 참여에 대한 이해 노력의 일환으 로 정치광고의 평가에 어떠한 기준을 가지고 있는지 그리고 그러한 기준이 실제 투표행 동에 어느 정도로 영향을 미치는 지를 분석하는 것은 건전한 정치광고의 형성과 올바른 정치 광고 요소의 기준 정립이라는 측면에서 연구의 가치가 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서 는 대학생 유권자의 인지욕구 수준을 고, 중, 저로 구분하여 메시지 프레이밍의 유형에 따라 정치광고에 대한 태도, 정치광고 후보자에 대한 태도, 정치광고 후보자에 대한 인 지, 정당 공신력에 대한 태도 그리고 정치광고에 대한 투표행동을 실험으로 통하여 분 석하였다. 실험을 통해 정치광고에 대한 설득 효과를 분석한 결과, 모든 종속변인에서 유사한 연구결과가 나타났다. 즉, 정치광고에 대한 태도, 정치광고 후보자에 대한 태도, 정치광 고 후보자에 대한 인지, 정당 공신력에 대한 태도 그리고 정치광고에 대한 투표행동 등의 종속측정치에서 유권자의 인지욕구 수준과 메시지 프레이밍의 유형간에 상호작용 효과가 나타났다. 주효과의 경우에도 상호작용효과와 마찬가지로 인지욕구 수준과 종속측정치간 그리고 메시지 프레이밍 유형과 종속측정치간에 밝혀지지 않았다. 다만 정 치광고에 대한 태도에 있어서는 인지욕구수준에 따라 상이하게 나타나는 주효과가 있었다. At the present time when college students are actively participating in politics as voters, the purpose of this study is to find out through an experiment what effects college students' attitude toward political advertisements ultimately have on their voting behaviors. As part of an effort to understand the political participation of younger generation, finding out what criteria are used for evaluating political advertisements and analyzing to what extent these criteria affect the actual voting behaviors make a valuable study in terms of forming healthy political advertisements and establishing the proper standards for the elements of political advertisements. Thus, in this study, college student voters' level of need for cognition was classified into three levels: high, medium, and low; and then,experiment-based analysis was carried out on their attitudes towards political advertisements and the candidates presented in them; their perceptions about the candidates presented in the political advertisements; their attitudes towards public confidence for party; and their voting behaviors towards political advertisements, respectively, according to the types of message framing. According to the experiment-based analysis of the effects of persuasion from political advertisements, similar results were found in all dependent variables. In other words, in all dependent measures including attitudes towards political advertisements, attitudes towards candidates presented in political advertisements, perceptions about the candidates presented in the political advertisements, attitudes towards public confidence for party, and voting behaviors towards political advertisements, interaction effects were found between voters' level of need for cognition and types of message framing. Main effects were neither identified between level of need for cognition and dependent measures nor between types of message framing and dependent measures. However, in terms of attitudes towards political advertisements, main effects were found to be different depending on level of need for cognition.

The Effect Analysis of Online Reading and Writing on the Political Socialization Process of Adolescents

이영수 사단법인 미래융합기술연구학회 2021 아시아태평양융합연구교류논문지 Vol.7 No.11

Since adolescents become adult citizens in the future and exercise sovereignty independently, the kind of political consciousness they have is closely related to the development of democracy in society. The ultimate goal of this study is to come up with effective directions and measures for youth's political socialization in order to cultivate correct political consciousness that can be the driving force behind the development of democracy. Furthermore, this study is aimed to examine the influence of media on the political socialization process of adolescents, rapidly taking place in our society. It empirically examined a series of processes by which young people acquire and exchange political information online, the online social capital they formed, and their political dialogue in the course of political participation. In-depth interviews were conducted among 20 teenagers participating as members of a specific community, such as Asunaro, a youth human rights behavior. The interviews were conducted using items extracted through big data as a question scale to observe adolescents’ online reading and writing behavior. Also, it examined the political-related activities in the process of forming political-related perceptions and attitudes based on the study observation. As a result of the analysis, online media, especially online reading and writing behavior on social media was becoming a major channel to promote youth's political participation with affecting on the political participation of various types of youth. It was found that adolescents who have a high understanding of social issues and frequently talk about these with close people, such as parents and friends, freely discuss these, and actively participate in after school group activities. Young people were actively participating in politics in their own way, and they recognized their own political participation as a new type of politics that was opposed to the existing political participation methods of the older generation.