아스팔트 혼합물의 투수 특성 평가

이관호,김성겸,김정구 한국방재학회 2013 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.13 No.1

In recent, lots of multi-functional hot mix asphalt, including permeable pavements, quiet pavement, SMA, etc, have been developed. The performance and permeability of each pavement highly depend on the void characteristic of hot mix asphalt. Couple of different mixtures, including permeable asphalt pavement, SMA and dense-graded asphalt mixture, were used for void analysis. In case of PA-13 permeable asphalt pavement and SMA 10 mm, the effective void, total void and the ratio of connection between void increase as the level of compaction decreases. In case of permeability, the dense graded HMA showed little permeable. The permeability of permeable pavement were 0.18 to 0.41 cm/s. The modified Hazen model and Kozeny-Carman model were used to predict the permeability of each pavement. The of modified Hazen model and of KC model were recommended for permeable pavement. 최근 다양한 기능성을 고려한 배수성 아스팔트, 저소음 아스팔트, 보습성 아스팔트, SMA 등 다양한 아스팔트 혼합물이 개발되어 이용되고 있다. 이러한 아스팔트 혼합물의 공용성능 및 투수특성은 공극특성과 밀접한 상관관계를 가진다. 이에 본 연구에서는 배수성아스팔트 혼합물 2종, SMA 10 mm 혼합물 및 일반밀입도 아스팔트를 이용하여 공극특성과 투수특성을 분석하였다. PA-13 배수성포장용 아스팔트 혼합물과 SMA 10 mm 혼합물의 경우 다짐횟수가 작을수록 투수특성에 영향을 주는 유효공극량및 총공극량이 크게 나타났다. 정수위 투수시험을 이용하였다. 투수계수의 경우 밀입도 아스팔트 혼합물은 거의 투수가 되지 않았다. 배수성포장의 경우 0.18-0.41 cm/s 정도로 평가되었다. 또한, 아스팔트 혼합물의 투수계수 예측을 위하여 기존의 Hazen 공식과 Kozeny-Carman 공식을 변형하여 적용하였다. Hazen 공식의 경우 모형, KC 모델의 경우 를이용하는 것을 제안하였다.

Air-void structure, strength, and permeability of wet-mix shotcrete before and after shotcreting operation: The influences of silica fume and air-entraining agent

Choi, P.,Yeon, J.H.,Yun, K.K. Elsevier Science Publishers 2016 CEMENT AND CONCRETE COMPOSITES Vol.70 No.-

It is well known that the air-void structure of hardened concrete has substantial effects on the mechanical properties and durability of concrete. In this study, laboratory evaluations were conducted to quantify the effects of air-entraining agent (AEA) and silica fume on the air-void characteristics of wet-mix shotcrete (WMS) before and after shotcreting process. For this purpose, a high-resolution image analyzer capturing elaborate graphical layouts of air-void structure using the linear transverse method was employed. Also, this study examined the effects of air-void characteristics, such as air content and spacing factor, on the strength and permeability of WMS. Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that: (1) shotcreting process considerably reduces overall air contents in WMS; (2) incorporating AEA with a 4.5% silica fume replacement ensures both satisfactory spacing factor and good retention of small entrained air bubbles even after shotcreting, which may improve the freeze-thaw and scaling resistance; (3) the compressive and flexural strengths of WMS were reduced as the air content increased and average spacing factor decreased; and (4) the air content affected the permeability of WMS, but no consistent correlation was found between spacing factor and permeability.

배합조건 및 다짐하중에 따른 포러스 콘크리트의 특성에 관한 실험적 연구

임서형 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 2015 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집 Vol.19 No.3

포러스 콘크리트는 시멘트, 물 그리고 굵은골재로 구성되어 있으며, 공기 및 물의 투과 그리고 흡음 등 지구 환경부하를 저감시키기 위 해 사용되어 왔다. 그러나 포러스 콘크리트의 물리적, 역학적 성상은 시공시 이루어지는 다짐하중에 의해 변한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 결 합재 종류, 물-결합재비, 목표공극율에 따른 포러스 콘크리트의 물리적, 역학적 성상을 파악하였으며 특히, 다짐하중에 따른 포러스 콘크리 트의 공극율, 강도, 투수계수의 물성변화를 파악하였다. 본 연구에서 사용한 골재는 부순자갈 생산과정에서 발생되는 부산물로서 최대크기 는 13mm이다. 연구결과, 포러스 콘크리트의 목표 공극율, 투수계수, 압축강도는 공극율과 밀접한 상관성을 지니고 있으며, 공극율은 포러 스 콘크리트의 배합설계로 제시할 수 있는 가능성이 있는 것으로 판단되다. 포러스 콘크리트의 압축강도는 팽창재 치환율 5%에서 가장 높 게 나타났으며, 실리카 흄 치환율 10%에서 치환하지 않은 콘크리트보다 32% 높게 나타났다. 그리고 다짐하중을 변화시킨 본 연구결과 압 축강도는 하중 15kN부터 증가하였고, 공극율은 하중 0.8kN부터, 투수계수는 하중 35kN부터 각각 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. Porous concrete consists of cement, water and coarse aggregate and has been used for the purpose of decreasing the earth environmental load such as air and water permeability, sound absorption, etc. However, the physical and mechanical properties of porous concrete changes due to compaction load during construction. For such a reason, the purpose of this study is to investigate the physical and mechanical properties of porous concrete according to the kinds of binder, the ratio of water to binder and target void ratio. In particular, this study has been carried out to investigate the influence of compaction load on the void ratio, strength and coefficient of permeability. Aggregate used in this study are by-products generated during production of crushed gravel with a maximum size of 13mm. The results of this study showed that the target void ratio, the coefficient of permeability and compressive strength of porous concrete had a close relationship with the void ratio, and it will be possible that the void ratio is suggested by the mix design of porous concrete. The compressive strength of porous concrete was the highest at the content of the expansive admixture of 5% and compared to non-mixture, 10% mixture of silica fume improved compressive strength about 32%. And in the result of the study to change the compaction load, the compressive strength increased from the load of 15kN, the void ratio decreased from the load of 0.8kN, the coefficient of permeability decreased from the load 35kN, respectively.

Evaluation of Air Void System and Permeability of Latex-Modified Concrete by Image Analysis Method

Jeong, Won-Kyong,Yun, Kyong-Ku,Hong, Seung-Ho Korea Concrete Institute 2007 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.19 No.e1

Addition of latex to concrete is known to increase its durability and permeability. The purpose of this study is to analyze air void systems in latex-modified concretes using a reasonable and objective method of image analysis with such experimental variables as water-cement (w/c) ratios, latex contents (0%, 15%) and cement types (ordinary portland cement (OPC), high-early strength (HES) cement and very-early strength (VES) cement). The results are analyzed by spacing factor, air volume (content) after hardening, air void distribution and structure. Additionally, air void systems and permeability of latex-modified concrete (LMC) are compared by a correlation analysis. The results are as follows. The LMC of the same w/c ratio showed better air entraining (AE) effect than OPC with AE water reducer. The VES-LMC showed that the quantity of entrained air below $100{\mu}m$ increased more than four times. For the case of HES-LMC, microscopic entrained air between the range of 50 to $500{\mu}m$ increased greater than 7 times even in the absence of anti-foamer. Although spacing factor was measured rather low, the permeability of latex-modified concrete was good. It is construed that air void system does not have a considerable effect on the property of latex-modified concrete, but latex film (membrane) has a definite influence on the durability of LMC.

폴리머 콘크리트 식생블록 제조기술개발

이윤수,주명기 강원대학교 부설 석재복합신소재 제품연구센터 2004 석재연 논문집 Vol.9 No.-

본 연구에서는 폴리머 콘크리트를 이용한 식생블록을 개발할 목적으로 폴리머 결합재비에 따른 공극률, 연속공극률, 투수계수 및 강도 특성을 실험적으로 검토한 결과, 폴리머 콘크리트 식생블록의 공극률, 연속공극률 및 투수계수는 폴리머 결합재비의 증가에 따라 저하하는 경향을 보였다. 폴리머 콘크리트 식생블록의 압축, 휨, 인장강도는 폴리머 결합재비의 증가에 따라 증가하였다. 또한 폴리머 콘크리트 식생블록의 강도는 투수계수가 증가함에 따라 감소하는 경향을 보였다. In this study, the effect of binder content on void ratio, continuous void ratio, coefficient of permeability and strength properties of polymr concrete vegetation block are examined. Results of this study show that, the void ratio, continuous void ratio and coefficient of permeability of polymer concrete vegetation block decrease with increasing binder content. The flexural, tensile and compressive strengths of the polymer concrete vegetation block increase with increasing binder content. The flexural, tensile and compressive strengths of the polymer concrete vegetation block decrease with increasing the coefficient of permeability.

결합재 페이스트 충전에 따른 포러스콘크리트의 물성에 관한 기초적 연구

윤상혁,양동일,정근호,김성식,이영도,정상진 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1(구조계)

Although porous concrete is recently used as a pavement at a parking lot, a public squre and a bicycle road, we use without enough examining. Most the maintenance of quality for porous concrete is only dealt with strength and color tone. Also, there is not et enough fundamental data about dynamical properties for strength, rate of void and water permeability. Even when it is applied to at the scene, it is been a matter. Accordingly in this study analyzed influences through the dynamical properties, combination, and time to vibration. After the analyzation, they investigated peculiar dynamics which are strength of porous concrete, rate of void, and water permeability follow the rate of increase on an admixture making pozzolan reaction. This is purpose to improve capacity of the sidewalk permeable concrete and development of the economical technique for pavement.

폐유리분말과 재생골재를 사용한 포장용 투수성 폴리머 콘크리트의 공학적 성질

성찬용,김태호,Sung, Chan-Yong,Kim, Tae-Ho 한국농공학회 2011 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.53 No.6

This study was performed to evaluate the compressive and flexural strength, void ratio and permeability coefficient used powdered waste glass, $CaCO_3$, recycled coarse aggregate and unsaturated polyester resin to find optimum mix design of permeable polymer concrete for pavement. The compressive and flexural strength of permeable polymer concrete for pavement using powdered waste glass were in the range of 16.8~19.7 MPa and 4.7~6.1 MPa, respectively. it was satisfied the regulation of permeable concrete for pavement (18 MPa and 4.5 MPa). The void ratio and permeability coefficient were decreased with increasing the powdered waste glass, respectively. The void ratio and permeability coefficient were satisfied national regulation of permeable concrete for pavement (8 % and $1{\times}10^{-2}$ cm/s). In addition, this study found out that required amount of binder was decreased with increasing the powdered waste glass. This fact is expected to have economical effects during the use of powdered waste glass in the manufacture of permeable polymer concrete for pavement. Accodingly, the powdered waste glass can be used for permeable concrete material.

An Experimental Study of Permeable Concrete Pavement for Practical Use in the Field

Kim, Seong-Soo,Jung, Ho-Seop,Moon, Han-Young Korea Concrete Institute 2007 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.19 No.e1

In rainy weather, permeable concrete pavement has advantages such as good drainage, increased skid resistance, reduced splash and spray behind vehicles for improving the safety of driving vehicles as well as reduction of the traffic noise. It also contributes to improvement of traffic environment. In this study, the fundamental properties of permeable concrete in accordance with maximum size of aggregate, sand percentage and unit cement content were investigated for practical use of permeable concrete pavement. Although the permeability standard for typical permeable asphalt-concrete pavement is $1{\times}10^{-2}cm/sec$, the researchers determined that the coefficient of permeability of the permeable concrete should be set higher at $1{\times}10^{-1}cm/sec$. Then, the researchers measured the coefficient of permeability, strength, void ratio, and continuous void ratio of the permeable concrete while varying maximum size of the aggregate, sand percentage, unit cement content for detailed analysis. It was found that the void ratio, continuous void ratio, and flexural strength were about 15%, 12%, and 5.0MPa, respectively, when the permeability of the concrete was set at $1{\times}10^{-1}cm/sec$. Given that the maximum size of aggregate was $10{\sim}13mm$, we reached the conclusion that the best mix design for permeable concrete was $0{\sim}20%$ of sand percentage and $380kg/m^3$ of unit cement content.

투수성 폴리머 블록 포장에 의한 우수 유출 저감 효과에 관한 실험적 연구

성찬용,김영익,Sung, Chan-Yong,Kim, Young-Ik 한국농공학회 2012 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.54 No.2

Most of the roads are paved with impermeable materials such as asphalt concrete and cement concrete, and in the event of heavy rainfall, rainwater directly flows into river through a drainage hole on the pavement surface. This large quantity of rainwater directly spilled into the river frequently leads to the flooding of urban streams, damaging lowlands and the lower reaches of a river. In recent years there has been a great deal of ongoing research concerning water permeability and drainage in pavements. Accordingly, in this research, a porous polymer concrete was developed for permeable pavement by using unsaturated polyester resin as a binder, recycled aggregate as coarse aggregate, fly ash and blast furnace slag as filler, and its physical and mechanical properties were investigated. Also, 3 types of permeable polymer block by optimum mix design were developed and rainfall runoff reduction effects by permeability pavement using permeable polymer block were analyzed based on hydraulic experimental model. The infiltration volume, infiltration ratio, runoff initial time and runoff volume in permeability pavement with permeable polymer block of $300{\times}300{\times}80$ mm were evaluated for 50, 100 and 200mm/hr rainfall intensity.

Enhancing mechanical and durability properties of geopolymer concrete with mineral admixture

Bharat Bhushan Jindal,Dhirendra Singhal,Sanjay Sharma,Parveen 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2018 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.21 No.3

This paper approaches to improve the mechanical and durability properties of low calcium fly ash geopolymer concrete with the addition of Alccofine as a mineral admixture. The mechanical and durability performance of GPC was assessed by means of compressive strength, flexural strength, permeability, water absorption and permeable voids tests. The correlation between compressive strength and flexural strength, depth of water penetration and percentage permeable voids are also reported. Test results show that addition of Alccofine significantly improves the mechanical as well as permeation properties of low calcium fly ash geopolymer concrete. Very good correlations were noted between the depth of water penetration and compressive strength, percentage permeable voids and compressive strength as well as between compressive strength and flexural strength.