사육상태에서 참수리(Haliaeetus pelagicus) 미성조 꼬리깃의 깃갈이 방식

강승구 ( Seung Gu Kang ),이인섭 ( In Sup Lee ) 한국환경생태학회 2008 한국환경생태학회지 Vol.22 No.4

본 연구는 사육환경 조건에서 참수리(Haliaeetus pelagicus)의 연령에 따른 꼬리깃의 변화 과정을 조사하기 위해서 2000년 11월부터 2006년 7월까지 약 6년간 경성대학교 조류연구소에서 조사한 것이다. 꼬리깃의 깃갈이 시기는 보통 7월부터 시작해 익년 4월까지 진행되었으며, 1회의 깃갈이에 모든 깃이 교체되었다. 보통 12월 이전에 2/3 정도가 교체되었으며, 나머지는 익년 4월까지 모두 교체되었는데, 겨울동안에도 깃갈이가 지속되었다. 꼬리깃의 총 개수는 14개로써 깃갈이는 번갈아가면서 단계적으로 이루어졌고 암컷은 4단계, 수컷은 3단계로 진행되었는데 각 단계마다 좌·우측 깃이 대칭적으로 진행되는 것이 특징이었고 한 단계의 성장이 거의 끝날 때 다음단계가 시작되었다. 유조꼬리깃의 빛깔은 흰색 바탕에 검은색 얼룩이 산재해 있고 깃의 끝부분에는 불규칙적인 검은색 띠가 있었는데 1-3세대 깃(1-3차 여름깃)까지는 빛깔의 차이가 극히 적어 꼬리깃으로만 연령을 파악하기는 어려웠다. 또한 개체별로 나타나는 검은색 얼룩무늬의 양도 다르다는 것을 고려했다. 4세대 깃(4차 여름깃)은 3세대 깃에 비해서 큰 차이를 보이며 흰색 깃에 약간의 검은색 얼룩만 존재하였다. 4차 깃갈이가 끝난 5세대 깃(5차 여름깃)은 순 백색의 완전한 성조 꼬리깃의 빛깔을 갖추었다. 야외에서 참수리를 관찰하였을 때 3세대 깃(3차 여름깃)까지는 연령을 판단하는데 신중한 검토가 필요하며 꼬리깃 외에 다른 부위의 깃 변화도 함께 관찰해야 할 것으로 생각한다. This study conducted a survey on the moulting sequence subsequent to age of Haliaeetus pelagicus raised in captivity at the Ornithology Laboratory attached to Kyungsung University for about six years from November, 2000 until July, 2006. The survey indicated that the moult of rectrices usually began in July and continued until April of the next year and most of the rectrices were replaced by one-time moult. Usually, about two thirds of the tail feathers were replaced while the rest were replaced no later than April of the next year, and the moult also continued during the wintertime. The total number of rectrices was 14, and the moult progressed alternately on a systematic basis. The progress of the moult for female & male was made on four stages and three stages respectively and the characteristic shown on every stage of the moult was that the left & right tail feathers progressed symmetrically and not until one stage of progress almost completed did the next stage began. The color of the juvenile steller`s sea-eagle was dotted with black spots on its original white color and there existed regular black belt on its feather`s fringes; however, it was difficult to identify its age by tail feathers only because there was almost no difference in color between feathers ranging from the first to the third generation(1st-3rd summer feathers). In addition, this research took the different amounts of black-speckled pattern appearing by individual into consideration. There existed slight black speckles in white color feathers of the fourth generation(the 4th summer feathers) while showing a big difference compared to the 3rd generation feathers. The 5th generation feathers[the 5th summer feathers]were found to be equipped with perfect tail feathers having virgin white of a steller`s sea-eagle after completing its 4th molt. When observing a steller`s sea-eagle in the open air, it is necessary for an observer to have a deliberate examination in judging its age belonging to the 1st-3rd generation feathers, and it is considered that the changes of other parts of feathers should be also observed besides tail feathers.

Molecular characterization of myostatin-like genes expressed highly in the muscle tissue from Morotoge shrimp, <i>Pandalopsis japonica</i>

Kim, Kyoung Sun,Kim, Young-Ji,Jeon, Jeong Min,Kang, Yang Soon,Kang, Young Shil,Oh, Chul Woong,Kim, Hyun-Woo Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2010 Aquaculture research Vol.41 No.11

<P>Abstract</P><P>Myostatin is one of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β family members and plays inhibitory roles in the development and growth of muscle in mammals. Mammalian myostatins have been studied intensively, considering its medical and industrial potential use. Still, limited information is available about myostatin homologues in crustaceans. In the present study, we isolated for the first time cDNA that encodes for myostatin-like protein (Pj-MSTN) from Morotoge shrimp, <I>Pandalopsis japonica</I>. The putative mature peptide of Pj-MSTN was composed of 109 amino acids, which contains an additional amino acid residue compared with mammalian myostatins. Pj-MSTN exhibited 32% amino acid sequence identity and 52% similarity to human myostatin. Multiple sequence alignment analysis indicated that Pj-MSTN shared the conserved proteolytic cleavage site (RXXR) for its maturation and nine cysteine residues for disulphide bridges. These results suggest that Pj-MSTN has conserved the three-dimensional structure of TGF-β family members in vertebrates. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that Pj-MSTN is a primitive form of vertebrate myostatin and GDF11. The expression of Pj-MSTN was not just identified in muscular tissues, suggesting that Pj-MSTN functions differently from mammalian myostatin. Ablation of the X-organ/sinus gland complex significantly reduced the expression of Pj-MSTN in most tissues, suggesting its potential association with moulting.</P>

Implications of Temperature and Humidity on the Moulting Patterns and Moulting Survival in the Silkworm, Bombyx mori L.

Lakshminarayana, P.,Naik, S.Sanker,Reddy, N.Sivarami Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2003 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.6 No.1

The implications of temperature $(25, 30 and 35{\times}1^{\circ}C)$ and relative humidity $(60, 70 and 80{\times}2%)$ on the moulting pattern, moulting duration and moulting survival were studied in the silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Larvae of two pure silkworm breeds, Pure Mysore (PM) and NB$_4$D$_2$and their hybrid, $PM{\times}NB_{4} D_{2}$ were reared under experimental conditions under natural day photoperiodic (LD 12:12) condition. Two developmental marker events in the fourth moulting, settling for moult (SM) and completion of moult (CM) occurred at or around the middle of the photophase. The computed mean vector (equation omitted), based on the circular statistics also confirmed the above. Temperature and humidity did not alter the moulting rhythmicity much. However, extreme temperature and humidity conditions reduced moulting survival in PM and $PM {\times}NB_{4} D_{2}$. Further, moulting survival reduced below the economic level in $NB_{4} D_{2}$. The temperature and humidity together seem to exert synergic impact on the moulting survival of the silkworm Bombyx mori, at least in $NB_{4} D_{2}$.

Effects of long-term chlorpyrifos exposure on moulting and growth of Armadillo officinalis Dumèril, 1816 (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea)

Moumene Maya,Benmouhoub Karima Hachemaoui,Sayah Chafika Mouhoub,Kendi Salima,Kadji Hafsa Djoudad,Yesguer Saddek,Habold Caroline 한국응용곤충학회 2024 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.27 No.1

The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term effects of the insecticide chlorpyrifos on the moulting and growth of the terrestrial isopods Armadillo officinalis. Adult woodlice were exposed to chlorpyrifos at concen trations of 5, 10, 20, 40 mg/kg dry soil and compared to a control. During 100 days of exposure, effects on moulting and growth were investigated. The duration of premoult, ecdysis and intermoult stages were estimated. Also, the cuticle width (CW) and length (CL) were measured and their size increase and specific growth were calculated. The results showed that exposure to chlorpyrifos induced adverse effects on moulting in the terrestrial isopod Armadillo officinalis, mainly at the higher concentrations (20 mg and 40 mg/kg dry soil). Indeed, it decreased the percentage of moulting animals, delayed moulting, decreased the number of completed moult, extended the premoult stage, prolonged ecdysis, and reduced intermoult duration. Furthermore, these findings showed that chlorpyrifos exposure impaired also growth of Armadillo officinalis, mainly at the highest concen tration (40 mg/kg dry soi), by decreasing weight gain (0.94 ± 2.14 mg), cuticle length gain (0.26 ± 0.06 mm) and specific growth rate (SGR) (0.04 ± 0.01 mm/days) compared to the control (Weight gain = 16.5 ± 1.84 mg; CL gain = 0.65 ± 0.07 mm; SGR = 0.08 ± 0.01). The present study highlighted the adverse effects of chlorpyrifos on moulting and growth of Armadillo officinalis, which raises concern about consequences of chlorpyrifos exposure on population dynamic of this species.

타란툴라의 탈피 과정에 관한 연구

김주필(Joo-pil Kim),유윤호(yoon-ho Yoo) 한국거미연구소 2011 한국거미 Vol.27 No.2

2008년부터 2011년까지 타란튤라를 사육 관찰 하였다. 탈피의 순서는 모든 거미에서 똑같이 나타나는데 탈피 며칠 전 부터 절식(거식)을 하고 동작이 느려지며 몸의 색깔이 흐릿해진다. (절식→두흉부 양옆에 금이간다→배갑이 떨어진다→배가 갈라진다→다리가 빠져나온다→완전히 탈피가 끝난다→탈피 후의 다리운동을 한다)그러나, 타란튤라의 경우 절식을 한후 위턱이 튀아나오고 배갑이 위로 뜬 후 복부가 검어지는 것이 특이하여 이에 보고하는 바이다. The authors observed the moulting process of Talantula(Brachypelma auratum, Brachypelma aibopilosum. Cromatopelma cyaneopubescens. Aphonopelma seemanui) during from 2008 to 2011. The moulting process of Talantulas were found 3 step.

An Overview of Feathers Formation, Moults and Down Production in Geese

Kozak, J. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2011 Animal Bioscience Vol.24 No.6

Feathers are one of the integument appendages that form the outer covering, or plumage, on birds. The goslings hatch with a downy coat of feathers formed in embryonic development. They moult the natal plumage into juvenile feathers between 3-5 weeks of age and than moult that juvenile plumage into adult plumage between 8-11 weeks of age. Feather weight of an adult goose makes up about 6.2% of its total body weight. Heritability of the feather production ability is relatively low ($h^2$ = 0.35). Within species or genotype, the quantity and composition of the plumage are affected by genetics (age, body weight or body surface area, feathering rate, sex) and environmental factors (nutrition and production system, weather, microclimate). After slaughter some 90-220 g marketable feathers can be obtained per goose. The yield of feathers and down from each hand-harvesting amounts to between 80 to 120 g per goose, depending upon the frequency and degree of completeness of the harvesting.

Implications of Temperature and Humidity on the Moulting Patterns and Moulting Survival in the Silkworm, Bombyx mori L.

( P. Lakshminarayana Reddy ),( S. Sankar Naik ),( N. Sivarami Reddy ) 한국잠사학회 2003 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.6 No.1

Moult and Mastery

Robert Newlin 한국외국어대학교 영미연구소 2007 영미연구 Vol.16 No.-

Chaucer's Troilus and Criseyde is approached through its use of falconry imagery. Falconry in the Middle Ages was a highly evolved and specialized practice, with a rich literature of its own, both imaginative and practical. The poem's three main characters can be understood in the different ways that they engage falconry: Pandarus, a detached shaper of events, as a falconer himself; Criseyde, as a character both changeable and fixed in her nature, as a falcon; Troilus, as one that evolves from associations with falconry to something more aquiline and, ultimately, transcendent. These patterns also reflect an underlying and double pattern of reference within the poem: that to Ovidian and Boethian schemes of love and love's changes.

Angiostrongylus cantonensis: Scanning Electron Microscopic Observations on the Cuticle of Moulting Larvae

Xin Zeng,Jie Wei,Feng Wu,Feng Fung,Xiaoying Wu,Xi Sun,Huanqing Zheng,Zhiyue Lv,Zhongdao Wu 대한기생충학열대의학회 2013 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.51 No.6

한국산 적갈늑대거미(Arctosa ebicha Yaginuma, 1960)의 생활사에 관한 연구

김주필(Kim, Joo-Pill),채준호(Chae, Jun-Ho) 한국거미연구소 2011 한국거미 Vol.27 No.2

2009년 후반부터 2011년 후반까지 충청남도 홍성군 홍북면 용산리에 소재하는 삽교천 부근에서 한국산 적갈늑대거미(Arctosa ebicha Yaginuma, 1960)의 생활사에 대한 생태학적 관찰을 실시하였고 생활사를 조사하였기에 이에 보고하고자 한다. The authors observed the life history of Arctosa ebicha Yaginuma, 1960 during from 2009 to 2011, hunting spiders, Arctosa ebicha Yaginuma, 1960 are distributed in oriental region including Korea, China, Japan. In from October to November hibernated, In May spidering which emerged from sac. They dispersed without the adult take care them. Female moulted times male unknown.