Metabolite profiles of live or dead carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to endosulfan sulfate using a targeted GC–MS analysis

이화경,이정학,이종화,이혜리,김정한 한국응용생명화학회 2020 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.63 No.1

Endosulfan sulfate is a major oxidized metabolite of endosulfan, which is a broad-spectrum chlorinated cyclodiene insecticide. In this study, GC–MS-based metabolic profiles of dead or live carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to endosulfan sulfate were investigated to elucidate the molecular toxicological effects of endosulfan sulfate on carp. Three different extraction methods were compared, and a 50% methanol solution was chosen as an efficient extraction method. Carp was exposed to endosulfan sulfate at a concentration of 8 ppb for 2 days. After exposure, the whole body of the fish was homogenized with liquid N2, extracted with the 50% methanol solution and dried before TMS derivatization for GC–MS analyses of the dead and live carp. A SIM (selected ion monitoring)-library of 373 metabolites was applied after GC–MS analysis to detect 146 metabolites in carp. Based on the one-way ANOVA results (P < 0.001) and fold changes of metabolites in dead carp versus control (fold change > 1.5 or < 0.667), 30 metabolites were identified as biomarkers that were significantly different in the metabolic profiles among the control, dead and live carp. A metabolic pathway analysis using MetaboAnalyst 4.0 revealed that those biomarkers were important for the living or death response to endosulfan sulfate. The pathways indicated by the metabolic pathway analysis included starch and sucrose metabolism, galactose metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, the citrate cycle and linoleic acid metabolism. These results suggest that these pathways underwent significant perturbations over the exposure period.

Metabolic profiling of pale green and purple kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes)

박창하,여현지,김남수,박예은,김선주,Mariadhas Valan Arasu,Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi,박수윤,김재광,박상언 한국응용생명화학회 2017 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.60 No.3

Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes) is a dietary Brassica vegetable with noted health-beneficial properties associated with its numerous metabolites. The aim of this study was to elucidate phenotypic variation between the two cultivars through comprehensive analysis of the relationship of their primary and secondary metabolites. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOFMS) are considered useful tools for profiling primary and secondary metabolites. A total of 45 metabolites, including organic acids, amino acids, sugars, and an amine, were identified in pale green and purple kohlrabies using GC-TOFMS-based metabolic profiling. The resulting data sets were analyzed by principal component analysis to determine the overall variation, and the purple and pale green vegetables were separated by the score plots generated. Additionally, HPLC analysis of anthocyanins in both cultivars revealed that green kohlrabies did not contain any anthocyanidins, while 11 anthocyanins were quantified in the purple ones. Cyanidin was the dominant anthocyanin found in the purple cultivar, with cyanidin-3-(feruloyl)-diglucoside-5-glucoside being the major one. This study suggests that GC-TOFMS and HPLC are suitable tools to determine metabolic connection among various metabolites and describe phenotypic variation between green and purple kohlrabies.

Differential Metabolic Profiles during the Developmental Stages of Plant-Parasitic Nematode <i>Meloidogyne incognita</i>

Subramanian, Parthiban,Oh, Byung-Ju,Mani, Vimalraj,Lee, Jae Kook,Lee, Chang-Muk,Sim, Joon-Soo,Koo, Ja Choon,Hahn, Bum-Soo MDPI AG 2017 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.18 No.7

<P><I>Meloidogyne incognita</I> is a common root-knot nematode with a wide range of plant hosts. We aimed to study the metabolites produced at each stage of the nematode life cycle to understand its development. Metabolites of <I>Meloidogyne incognita</I> were extracted at egg, J2, J3, J4, and female stages and 110 metabolites with available standards were quantified using CE-TOF/MS. Analyses indicated abundance of stage-specific metabolites with the exception of J3 and J4 stages which shared similar metabolic profiles. The egg stage showed increased abundance in glycolysis and energy metabolism related metabolites while the J2 metabolites are associated with tissue formation, motility, and neurotransmission. The J3 and J4 stages indicated amino acid metabolism and urea cycle- related metabolites. The female stage was characterized with polyamine synthesis, antioxidant activity, and synthesis of reproduction related metabolites. Such metabolic profiling helps us understand the dynamic physiological changes related to each developmental stage of the root-knot nematode life cycle.</P>

Gene Expression Profiling of Liver and Mammary Tissues of Lactating Dairy Cows

Baik, M.,Etchebarne, B.E.,Bong, J.,VandeHaar, M.J. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2009 Animal Bioscience Vol.22 No.6

Gene expression profiling is a useful tool for identifying critical genes and pathways in metabolism. The objective of this study was to determine the major differences in the expression of genes associated with metabolism and metabolic regulation in liver and mammary tissues of lactating cows. We used the Michigan State University bovine metabolism (BMET) microarray; previously, we have designed a bovine metabolism-focused microarray containing known genes of metabolic interest using publicly available genomic internet database resources. This is a high-density array of 70mer oligonucleotides representing 2,349 bovine genes. The expression of 922 genes was different at p<0.05, and 398 genes (17%) were differentially expressed by two-fold or more with 222 higher in liver and 176 higher in mammary tissue. Gene ontology categories with a high percentage of genes more highly expressed in liver than mammary tissues included carbohydrate metabolism (glycolysis, glucoenogenesis, propanoate metabolism, butanoate metabolism, electron carrier and donor activity), lipid metabolism (fatty acid oxidation, chylomicron/lipid transport, bile acid metabolism, cholesterol metabolism, steroid metabolism, ketone body formation), and amino acid/nitrogen metabolism (amino acid biosynthetic process, amino acid catabolic process, urea cycle, and glutathione metabolic process). Categories with more genes highly expressed in mammary than liver tissue included amino acid and sugar transporters and MAPK, Wnt, and JAK-STAT signaling pathways. Real-time PCR analysis showed consistent results with those of microarray analysis for all 12 genes tested. In conclusion, microarray analyses clearly identified differential gene expression profiles between hepatic and mammary tissues that are consistent with the differences in metabolism of these two tissues. This study enables understanding of the molecular basis of metabolic adaptation of the liver and mammary gland during lactation in bovine species.

대사증후군 환자의 구강보건지식, 태도, 행위가 구강건강영향지수에 미치는 영향

임미희 한국치위생학회 2018 한국치위생학회지 Vol.18 No.6

Objectives: This study aims to provide fundamental data on seeking more effective programs for metabolic syndrome patients’ oral health by researching their knowledge, attitude and behaviors on oral health and considering the effects each factor has on the oral health impact profile. Methods: The research was conducted on 155 patients with metabolic syndrome who visited the metabolic syndrome center of S district between July 19th, 2016 and August 27th, 2016. Results: When the subjects had experiences of oral treatment within the past year, which indicated lower quality of life in relation to oral health. Oral health knowledge had a positive correlation with oral health attitude (0.241) and oral health behaviors (0.362), had a negative correlation with oral health impact profile (-0.283). Oral health attitude showed a positive correlation with oral health behaviors (0.476) (p<0.001). Conclusions: By conducting a oral health promotion business among metabolic syndrome patients including a oral care and treatment program which aim to enhance the oral knowledge, attitude and behaviors and comprehensively manage the oral health education program, it is expected that their quality of life related to oral health could be further improved.

HPLC-based metabolic profiling and quality control of leaves of different Panax species

Seung-Ok Yang,Sang Won Lee,Young Ock Kim,Sang-Hyun Sohn,Young Chang Kim,Dong Yoon Hyun,Yoon Pyo Hong,Yu Su Shin 고려인삼학회 2013 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.37 No.2

Leaves from Panax ginseng Meyer (Korean origin and Chinese origin of Korean ginseng) and P. quinquefolius (American ginseng) were harvested in Haenam province, Korea, and were analyzed to investigate patterns in major metabolites using HPLC-based metabolic profiling. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to analyze the the HPLC chromatogram data. There was a clear separation between Panax species and/or origins from different countries in the PLS-DA score plots. The ginsenoside compounds of Rg1, Re, Rg2, Rb2, Rb3, and Rd in Korean leaves were higher than in Chinese and American ginseng leaves, and the Rb1 level in P. quinquefolius leaves was higher than in P. ginseng (Korean origin or Chinese origin). HPLC chromatogram data coupled with multivariate statistical analysis can be used to profile the metabolite content and undertake quality control of Panax products.

HPLC-based metabolic profiling and quality control of leaves of different Panax species

양승옥 고려인삼학회 2013 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.37 No.2

Leaves from Panax ginseng Meyer (Korean origin and Chinese origin of Korean ginseng) and P. quinquefolius (American ginseng)were harvested in Haenam province, Korea, and were analyzed to investigate patterns in major metabolites using HPLC-based metabolic profiling. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to analyze the the HPLC chromatogram data. There was a clear separation between Panax species and/or origins from different countries in the PLS-DA score plots. The ginsenoside compounds of Rg1, Re, Rg2, Rb2, Rb3, and Rd in Korean leaves were higher than in Chinese and American ginseng leaves, and the Rb1 level in P. quinquefolius leaves was higher than in P. ginseng (Korean origin or Chinese origin). HPLC chromatogram data coupled with multivariate statistical analysis can be used to profile the metabolite content and undertake quality control of Panax products.

HPLC-based metabolic profiling and quality control of leaves of different Panax species

Yang, Seung-Ok,Lee, Sang Won,Kim, Young Ock,Sohn, Sang-Hyun,Kim, Young Chang,Hyun, Dong Yoon,Hong, Yoon Pyo,Shin, Yu Su The Korean Society of Ginseng 2013 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.37 No.2

Leaves from Panax ginseng Meyer (Korean origin and Chinese origin of Korean ginseng) and P. quinquefolius (American ginseng) were harvested in Haenam province, Korea, and were analyzed to investigate patterns in major metabolites using HPLC-based metabolic profiling. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to analyze the the HPLC chromatogram data. There was a clear separation between Panax species and/or origins from different countries in the PLS-DA score plots. The ginsenoside compounds of Rg1, Re, Rg2, Rb2, Rb3, and Rd in Korean leaves were higher than in Chinese and American ginseng leaves, and the Rb1 level in P. quinquefolius leaves was higher than in P. ginseng (Korean origin or Chinese origin). HPLC chromatogram data coupled with multivariate statistical analysis can be used to profile the metabolite content and undertake quality control of Panax products.

Expression Profiling Reveals an Unexpected Growth-Stimulating Effect of Surplus Iron on the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Yang Du,Wei-Fang Li,Wang Cheng 한국분자세포생물학회 2012 Molecules and cells Vol.34 No.2

Iron homeostasis plays a crucial role in growth and divi-sion of cells in all kingdoms of life. Although yeast iron metabolism has been extensively studied, little is known about the molecular mechanism of response to surplus iron. In this study, expression profiling of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the presence of surplus iron revealed a dual effect at 1 and 4 h. A cluster of stress-responsive genes was upregulated via activation of the stress-resistance transcription factor Msn4, which indicated the stress effect of surplus iron on yeast metabolism. Genes involved in aerobic metabolism and several anabolic pathways are also upregulated in iron-surplus conditions, which could significantly accelerate yeast growth. This dual effect suggested that surplus iron might participate in a more complex metabolic network, in addition to serving as a stress inducer. These findings contribute to our understanding of the global response of yeast to the fluctuating availability of iron in the environment.

Gene expression profiling of rat livers after continuous whole-body exposure to low-dose rate of gamma rays

Tran, Kim Ngan,Choi, Jong-il Informa Healthcare 2018 International Journal of Radiation Biology Vol.94 No.5

<P> Purpose: To study gene expression modulation in response to continuous whole-body exposure to low-dose-rate gamma radiation and improve our understanding of the mechanism of this impact at the molecular basis. Materials and methods: cDNA microarray method with complete pooling of samples was used to study expression changes in the transcriptome profile of livers from rats treated with prolonged lowdose-rate ionizing radiation (IR) relative to that of sham-irradiated rats. Results: Of the 209 genes that were two-fold-up or down-regulated, 143 were known genes of which 27 were found in previous literatures to be modulated by IR. Remarkably, there were a significant number of differentially expressed genes involved in hepatic lipid metabolism. Conclusion: This study showed changes in transcriptome profile of livers from low-dose irradiated rats when compared with that of sham-irradiated ones. This study will be useful for studying the metabolic changes of human exposed for long term to cosmic ray such as in space and in polar regions. </P>