대학생의 지각된 신체감시와 신체관리행동 간의 인과관계: 미디어 압력 조절효과 중심으로

이혁기 한국스포츠사회학회 2012 한국스포츠사회학회지 Vol.25 No.3

Today, the concept of body is protean, that is accommodated and subjected by the late-capitalist society’s production and consumption system. Lookism is rampant and aesthetic capitalism has become faster in our society. Specifically, media messages about body works as socialization mechanism by people to perceive their own body. Therefore, this study examined the causal relation between perceived body surveillance of college students and body management behavior, and the moderator effect of media pressure of this causal relation. The college students who take academic liberal arts course in two different universities were surveyed. Simple regression and hierarchical regression analysis were performed to analyze the collected data using SPSS 18.0 The result showed the perceived body surveillance of college students had significant effect on the body management behavior. Furthermore, the media pressure had significant moderator effect on the causal relation between perceived body surveillance of college students and body management behavior. Suggestions for future research are offered. 오늘날 신체는 후기 자본주의의 생산과 소비 장치에 적응하고 예속되는 개념으로 변화무쌍하다. 또한 루키즘이라는 외모차별주의가 만연하고, 미적자본화가 가속화되는 사회문화적 풍토가 조성되고 있다. 특히 신체에 대한 미디어 메시지는 자신의 신체를 지각하게 하는 사회화 기제로 작용하고 있다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 대학생의 지각된 신체감시와 신체관리행동 간의 인과관계를 알아보고, 그 인과관계에 있어 미디어 압력의 조절효과를 검정하는데 있다. 이를 위해 현재 대학교에 재학 중인 대학생을 모집단으로 설정하였으며, Q지역에 소재하는 A대학교와 S지역에 소재하는 B대학교에 개설된 교양과목 수강 학생들을 대상으로 표집 하였다. 연구가설의 검정을 위해 SPSS 18.0 프로그램을 이용하여 단순회귀분석과 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하였으며, 유의수준은 .05로 설정하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 대학생의 지각된 신체감시는 신체관리행동에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 대학생의 지각된 신체감시와 신체관리행동 간의 인과관계에 있어 미디어 압력의 조절효과가 유의한 것으로 나타났다.

소셜 미디어에서 나타나는 신체 긍정주의와 표현 방법, 여성의 주관적 신체 사이즈 인식이 기분 상태와 외모 만족도에 미치는 영향

이민선,이현화 한국의류산업학회 2020 한국의류산업학회지 Vol.22 No.2

Body positivity has emerged among young social media users with the purpose of enhancing a positive body image. In the social media environment, body positivity is frequently presented in the forms of female models' images and/or words that represent individual attitudes toward the female body. The media effects on female viewers' body image differs based on the viewers' perceptions of their own body size. This experimental study examined how body positivity and types of expression on social media influence women's mood and appearance satisfaction by subjective body size. We randomly assigned to 415 young and middle-aged females to one of six experimental conditions which contained three images and three vignettes, each reflecting non-body positivity, body positivity, and control. We used a 3 (body positivity: non-body positivity vs body positivity vs. control) × 2 (types of body positivity expression on media: images vs vignettes) × 2 (subjective body size: under/normal weight vs overweight/obese) between-subject design. The results of MANCOVA revealed the significant main effects of subjective body size on women's mood and appearance satisfaction. There was a significant interaction effect of body positivity and subjective body size on appearance satisfaction. The stimuli representing body positivity caused positive psychological effects for women who perceive themselves being in the under/normal weight range.

뉴미디어 퍼포먼스에 나타난 여성의 몸 이미지 연구

김유나,한혜원 문학과영상학회 2013 문학과영상 Vol.14 No.2

The purpose of this study is to discuss the female body shown in new media performance works. In new media performance, up-to-date technologies are actively used to deform and reproduce the body image. Therefore, combining the alternative personality of new media and the otherness of woman, new media performance became a proper media to represent female body. In Run the World and Il Pianeta Proibito, female body images are both replicated and extended through new media technologies. It is because the two performer pursues a strong and independent female image. On the other hand, in Skin Project, the body is constantly disassembled and reconstructed through video editing. However, these performance works present a patchwork-body as a result which looks like a female Frankenstein. As binding technologies to female body, woman became a cyborg. It is meaningful that new media technologies opened a gate to look into female body with new perspective. However this female cyborg cannot appropriately represent female body because it manipulates the subjectivity of woman. Eventually, there are obvious limitations in these new media performance works.

대중매체 노출이 신체상(身體像) 지각과 상태 신체 존중감에 미치는 영향

장희순,김태련 한국청소년정책연구원 2006 한국청소년연구 Vol.17 No.2

This study defined body image disturbance as perception and attitude of a person's body image. The purpose of present study was to prove of the impact in TV message on the viewers' body image disturbance. The subjects are 386 female elementary school-aged children, high school-aged adolescents and university women. They watched three types of video from TV, satellites broadcasting and movie named thin, fat, control. Perception distortion was assessed body silhouettes and attitudes body image was assessed by body-esteem sub scale of state self-esteem scale made by Heatherton(1991) and translated by Park(2000). This study of result were as follows. There are different results between three condition groups. First, the students exposed to thin video perceived more discrepancy and showed lower body-esteem. Second, the students exposed to fat video were lowered discrepancy and increased body-esteem. In addition, there is no significant difference between age groups. 본 연구에서는 개인이 가진 신체상(body image)을 지각적, 태도적 측면에서 정의하고, 대중매체에서 전달되는 신체에 관한 메시지가 이를 수용하는 개인의 신체상에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 여자 초등학생, 고등학생, 대학생 386명을 대상으로 연구자가 공중파와 위성방송, 극영화를 편집하여 제작한 비디오 자료를 시청하게 한 후 이미숙(2000)과 해저튼(Heatherton 등, 1991)이 개발한 척도를 사용하여 변화를 측정하였다. 그 결과, 노출된 대중매체의 자극에 따라 신체상의 지각과 태도에 변화가 나타났는데, 날씬한 여성이 주로 등장하는 비디오를 시청한 집단은 신체상 지각의 차이는 커지고 신체존중감은 저하되었으며, 뚱뚱하나 긍정적인 메시지를 전달하는 조건의 비디오를 시청한 집단은 반대의 결과를 나타냈다. 또한 대중매체의 노출로 인한 영향의 정도를 연령별로 비교한 결과에서는 그 차이가 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다.

몸과 춤에 대한 새로운 사유

장정윤 ( Chung Yoon Chang ) 大韓舞踊學會 2009 대한무용학회논문집 Vol.60 No.-

Nowadays spectacular dance as well as the dance where body is the subject of dance, appears important role in contemporary world of dance. The knowledge that a society requires, enables artists` methods and ideas to be realized. However it is more important for society to integrate and manipulate the knowledge and information. The union of dance with different genres, are caused by the artistic autonomy and societal multiplicity. Opening the dance to the artistic world is a result of post modern ideas beyond the closed modernism. The union of dance with different genres are the ideas appeared in the early 21st century. The styles of minimalism, multi media and digital technology purpose on de-center(freeing from center that is caused by freeing body) and allow various perspectives and the variety of dance-spectrums. A new thought about `body and Dance` requires new paradigm of aesthetic reflection on dance according to the environment of dance society and multiplicity of dance media. In this study after considering changes of dance media and environment, instead of concept of body, bodily movement, body space, stage, body image, movement of body image, virtual body space and virtual cyber space are considered as the analytic object for this study. That is an analysis of material and media as an object of aesthetic analysis. In conclusion, dances created in 21st century enlarge its concepts of style, vision, sense, material, time, space and media. Furthermore it creates aesthetic value of dance under the enlargement of dance theme and body concepts. The study discussed the range and perception of virtual body concept. It also generally discussed the characteristics of virtuality and interactivity of visual multi-media for the communication between producer and audience. However there requires new reflection on body image. The phenomenon of superior values of technology, information, media and sense than human inner subjectivity and instinct of imitative expression must be considered and solved for dance world of next generations.

신체는 어떻게 소통되는가? : 니클라스 루만의 ‘공생 메커니즘’을 중심으로

주요섭(Ju Yoseop) 동양사회사상학회 2021 사회사상과 문화 Vol.24 No.3

소통은 왜 괴로울까? 더 많은 소통에 대한 욕구와 그에 비례하여 더욱 커지는 소통의 어려움은 사람들을 ‘몸의 사회학’ 혹은 ‘정동적 소통’으로 이끌고 있다. 그리고 ‘소통하는 신체’에 대한 다양한 논의를 생산하고 있다. 그런데 체계이론가 니클라스 루만(Niklas Luhmann)은 조금 다른 각도에서 신체와 소통을 이론화하고 있다. ‘상징적으로 일반화된 소통매체(generalized symbolic media of communication)’와 ‘공생 메커니즘(symbiosis mechanism)’ 등이 그 이론적 도구들이다. 루만에 따르면, 소통은 너무도 당연하게 신체를 전제하고 있다. 그러나 이때 신체는 ‘소통하는 신체(a communicating body)’가 아니다. 신체와 소통은 공생적이지만, 신체는 사회적 상징으로만 사용된다. 예컨대 화폐라는 소통매체에서 ‘필요’는 공생적 상징이다. 그것은 ‘자연적 사실’이 아니라 사회적 지시체다. 신체는 사회적 소통매체를 통해서만 소통될 수 있는 것이다. 다시 말하면, 신체는 교란과 자극을 통해 소통을 일으킬 수는 있으나 직접 소통할 수는 없다. 루만에게 ‘소통하는 신체’란 없다. ‘교란-자극하는 신체(a irritating body)’만 있을 뿐이다. 이 점에서 니클라스 루만의 ‘공생 메커니즘’은 ‘정동적 소통’과 근본적으로 다르다. 물론 신체는 교란과 자극의 원천이기 되기는 하다. 그러나 교란이 곧 소통으로 연결되는 것은 아니다. 그러므로 체계이론의 맥락에서 괴로움의 원인은 소통이 몸과 연결되었기 때문이 아니라, 소통이 몸과 ‘직접’ 연결되어 있다는 착각 때문인 것이다. 결국 소통은 신체를 전제로 하지만, 신체를 떠나야 소통할 수 있다. 그리고 비신체성을 통해 소통의 신체성을 보장한다. ‘소통의 신체성과 비신체성의 역설’이다. 오늘날 사회는 공생적 상징이 인플레이션 되면서, 다시 말해 소통의 탈-신체화가 가속되면서 공생 메커니즘이 무너지고 있는 것으로 보인다. 소통의 신체성과 비-신체성의 역설에 주목하면서, 신체와 소통의 재-공생화, 나아가 또 다른 공생 메커니즘의 발명을 도모해야 할 때이다. Why is communication so distressed? The desire for more communication and the growing difficulty in communication are leading people to ‘sociology of the body’ or ‘affective communication’. In addition, they is producing various discussions about the ‘communicating body’. However, systems theorist Niklas Luhmann theorizes body and communication from a slightly different angle. ‘Generalized symbolic media of communication’ and ‘Symbiotic mechanism’ are the theoretical tools. According to Luman, communication takes the body for granted. However, in this case, the body is not a ‘communicating body’. Communication with the body is symbiotic, but the body is used only as a social symbol. For example, in the communication medium of money, ‘need’ is a symbol of symbiosis. It is not a ‘natural fact’ but a social reference. The body can only be communicated through social media. In other words, the body can initiate communication through disturbances and stimuli, but not directly. For Luman, there is no ‘communicating body’. There is only ‘disturbing-stimulating body’. In this respect, Niklas Luhmann’s ‘symbiotic mechanism’ is fundamentally different from ‘affective communication’. The body is, of course, a source of disturbance and stimulation. However, disturbance does not necessarily lead to communication. Therefore, in the context of systems theory, the cause of suffering is not because communication is connected to the body, but because of the illusion that communication is “directly” connected to the body. In the end, communication presupposes the body, but communication is possible only after leaving the body. And the physicality of communication is ensured through immateriality. It is the ‘paradox of physicality and immateriality of communication’. In today’s society, it seems that the symbiotic mechanism is collapsing as the symbiotic symbol is inflated, that is, the de-embodiedization of communication is accelerating. It is time to pursue the re-symbiosis of the body and communication, and furthermore, the invention of another symbiotic mechanism, paying attention to the paradox of the physical and non-physical of communication.

무용교육의 변화요인으로 본 지식과 몸에 관한 연구

최소정 ( So-jung Choi ) 한국무용교육학회 2016 韓國舞踊敎育學會誌 Vol.27 No.2

This study examined a change to knowledge and the body by negating the early-modern reasoning-centered knowledge view. The body does not exist independently away from the spirit, so the working body, activated by perception and sensations, is the place where it meets with humans and culture as well as with the mind, spirit, exposing itself. And, with the development of media and the diversification of communication media, individuals`` desire for self expression is realized through their bodies. The time is gone when the body, regarded only as a biological value, was embodied through language, knowledge and ideology, and instead, the time has come when the value of knowledge based on personal experiences, not based only on language and texts, is recognized. In the knowledge-based society, my imagination constitutes the knowledge for understanding others. In addition, the images, recorded in the body - as they meet time and space - become a working body, and the education, through the communication with society and others, regarded the life - which practiced knowledge rightly - as the ideal. Dance, which saw the body and the spirit on an equal footing, interacted with the world``s organisms, found and presented a continuous connection not to separate the life and dance. Previous-time dance education changed the trends, and fostered individuals`` imagination more than cultured education, and the power of this imagination helps understand others, and foster the ability to solve problems in this changing society. Thus, the body is the place where it meets the internal body, humans, nature and culture, exposing itself. Acts, exposed through the body, are seen as culture inherited through the body. Thus, the body should be seen as a communication system as a working body which communicates with other organisms. Specifically, the body, expressed through dance education, is the place where we share minds with social members, people dancing together, and in a broad sense, dance is the place where individuals`` experiences are disclosed through experiences in dance in the social relationships.

텔레비전 시청이 육체이미지 혼란에 미치는 영향

윤태일(Yoon Tae-Il),이명천(Lee Myoung-Chun) 한국방송학회 2002 한국방송학보 Vol.16 No.3

본 연구는 텔레비전 등 대중매체와 이용이 자기 몸에 대한 불만이나 섭취장애(eating disorders) 같은 육체이미지 혼란(body image disturbances)에 어떠한 영향을 주는가를 규명하고자 했다. 사회적 비교이론 및 선행연구를 바탕으로, 남녀 대학생 319명의 서베이 자료를 분석한 결과 확정된 연구모형에서, 수용자가 어떻게 대중매체 속의 육체이미지를 정보처리하는지가 육체이미지 혼란에 핵심적 역학을 한다는 것이 확인되었다. 대중매체 미용과 육체이미지 처리와의 관계는 수용자의 성별에 따라 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났으나 그 성별 차이의 양상은 일반적인 통념과는 달랐다. 남자 대학생의 경우 그들의 대중매체 이용이 육체이미지 처리를 통해 육체이미지 혼란에 간접적인 영향을 미쳤다. 하지만 여대생의 경우 대중매체의 이용은 그들의 육체이미지 혼란에 아무런 영향을 미치지 못했다. 분석결과가 내포하는 이론적, 실무적 함의를 보건 커뮤니이션의 관점에서 논의하였다. This study examines the links between types of television viewing, gender, people‘s perceptions of thin bodies in media, and disturbances they may have about their own bodies. Based on social comparision theory and previous research, we explore the moderating role of gender and mediating role of body image processing in the media influence on body image disturbances. Data from a Web-based survey of 319 Korean college students were analyzed with a structural equation model (SEM). The final structural models confirmed the importance of body image processing and gender in the impacts of media use on body image disturbances. Body image processing mediated the impacts of people′s self-monitoring tendency on body image disturbances. A striking gender difference was found in the relationships between media use and body image processing; but its direction was contrary to conventional thinking. For male audiences, media use influenced body image disturbances indirectly via body image processing; however, there was no linkage between females media use and their body image processing. Implications for researchers and practitioners in health communications are discussed.

매체, 몸 그리고 지각

심혜련 한국영상학회 2016 한국영상학회 논문집 Vol.14 No.4

이 논문의 주제는 매체, 몸 그리고 지각의 관계에 대한 연구다. 매체와 몸 그리고 지각의 관계 문제는 매우 중요한 문제임과 동시에 오래된 문제다. 특히 매체기술의 발전이후 이들의 관계는 늘 논쟁의 중심에 있었다. 그런데 디지털 매체가 등장한 이후, 매체와 몸 그리고 지각의 관계는 이전과는 다른 관점에서 논의되었다. 원격현존으로 존재하고, 또 사이버스페이스로의 탈신체화가 논의되는 지금, 다른 한 쪽에서는 신체에 대한 과도한 관심을 중심으로 과신체화 현상이 일어나고 있는 것이다. 뿐만 아니라, 다양한 과학기술의 발전으로 인해 몸의 꾸밈과 변형 또한 과거와는 달리, 쉽게 이루어지고 있으며, 또 이러한 현상에 많은 사람들이 관심을 갖고 있다. 이는 일종의 몸의 귀환이라고 할 수 있다. 따라서 이 글에서는 지금, 왜 몸이 문제가 되며, 몸담론의 재등장의 의미가 무엇인지를 살펴보았다. 이와 더불어 매체담론 내부에서 논의되고 있는 몸과 지각을 둘러싼 문제의 핵심이 무엇인지를 논의했다. 문제의 핵심은 바로 매체화된 지각과 비매체적 지각에 관한 것이다. 그리고 이 둘 다 몸과 관련되어 있다. 그러나 신체의 소멸은 매체, 몸 그리고 지각의 관계에 대한 오해에서 비롯된 것이다. 확장된 몸도 마찬가지다. 따라서 이 글에서는 신체화, 탈신체화 그리고 과신체화를 설명하고, 앞으로의 전망에 대해 살펴본다. The present paper concerns the relationship between media, body and perception, which is a very important and long-standing issue. In particular, the advancement of media technology has made how they are related controversial. However, since the emergence of digital media, the relationship between media, body and perception has been discussed from an unprecedented perspective. In contrast to the current discussion on telepresence and disembodiment toward cyberspace on the one hand, hyperembodiment is arising in tandem with the excessive interest in the body on the other hand. Moreover, the diversified development of science and technology has facilitated the decoration and transformation of the body, unlike in the past, which draws much attention. This may be referred to as a return of the body. Thus, this paper delves into why the body is at the center of debate now and why meaning of the discourse on the body is revisited. Moreover, the paper sheds light on the essence of the issues regarding the body and perception as discussed in the discourse on media. The essence of the issues consists of medialized perceptions and non-medialized perceptions, with both associated with the body. However, the disappearance of the body derives from a misunderstanding of the relationship between media, body and perception. The expanded body is identical. Therefore, this study explains embodiment, disembodiment and hyperembodiment and considers the future prospects.

바디 포지티브 문화 이해하기에 대한 자문화기술지

김가영 한국리듬운동학회 2023 한국리듬운동학회지 Vol.16 No.3

This research aimed to understand body-positive culture through the method of autoethnography. The researcher focused on the concept of positive body image and reflected upon and analyzed body-positive culture from their perspective. Additionally, the study aimed to identify and interpret body-positive messages within a cultural context. Ultimately, the research focused on how body-positive culture is being developed in our society. The research questions were, “How did the researcher come to understand body-positive culture?” and “How did the experiences of the researcher lead to a different interpretation of current body culture?” In conclusion, first, the researcher realized that the reflections obtained during the research process ultimately led to a study on positive body image. Second, based on the reflective research brought about by the sexual objectification of female body images, the importance of education about ‘body image’ and establishing a healthy body perspective became evident. Third, while reflecting on oneself within the culture, the researcher contemplated the memories of everyday conversations about bodies, the societal norm of appearance judgments, and why the perspectives of others are significant.