Reliability and validity of free software for the analysis of locomotor activity in mice

( Yoo Rha Hong ),( Eunsoo Moon ) 영남대학교 의과대학 2018 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.35 No.1

Background: Kinovea software that tracking semi-automatically the motion in video screen has been used to study motion-related tasks in several studies. However, the validation of this software in open field test to assess locomotor activity have not been studied yet. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of this software in analyzing locomotor activities. Methods: Thirty male Institute Cancer Research mice were subjected in this study. The results examined by this software and the classical method were compared. Test-retest reliability and inter-rater reliability were analyzed with Pearson's correlation coefficient and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The validity of this software was analyzed with Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: This software showed good test-retest reliability (ICC=0.997, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.975- 0.994, p<0.001). This software also showed good inter-rater reliability (ICC=0.987, 95% CI=0.973-0.994, p<0.001). Furthermore, in three analyses for the validity of this software, there were significant correlations between two methods (Pearson's correlation coefficient=0.928-0.972, p<0.001). In addition, this software showed good reliability and validity in the analysis locomotor activity according to time interval. Conclusion: This study showed that this software in analyzing drug-induced locomotor activity has good reliability and validity. This software can be effectively used in animal study using the analysis of locomotor activity.

Reliability and validity of free software for the analysis of locomotor activity in mice

홍유라,문은수 영남대학교 의과대학 2018 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.35 No.1

Background: Kinovea software that tracking semi-automatically the motion in video screen has been used to study motion-related tasks in several studies. However, the validation of this software in open field test to assess locomotor activity have not been studied yet. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of this software in analyzing locomotor activities. Methods: Thirty male Institute Cancer Research mice were subjected in this study. The results examined by this software and the classical method were compared. Test-retest reliability and inter-rater reliability were analyzed with Pearson's correlation coefficient and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The validity of this software was analyzed with Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: This software showed good test-retest reliability (ICC=0.997, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.975- 0.994, p<0.001). This software also showed good inter-rater reliability (ICC=0.987, 95% CI=0.973-0.994, p<0.001). Furthermore, in three analyses for the validity of this software, there were significant correlations between two methods (Pearson's correlation coefficient=0.928-0.972, p<0.001). In addition, this software showed good reliability and validity in the analysis locomotor activity according to time interval. Conclusion: This study showed that this software in analyzing drug-induced locomotor activity has good reliability and validity. This software can be effectively used in animal study using the analysis of locomotor activity.

Reliability and validity of free software for the analysis of locomotor activity in mice

Hong, Yoo Rha,Moon, Eunsoo Yeungnam University College of Medicine 2018 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.35 No.1

Background: Kinovea software that tracking semi-automatically the motion in video screen has been used to study motion-related tasks in several studies. However, the validation of this software in open field test to assess locomotor activity have not been studied yet. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of this software in analyzing locomotor activities. Methods: Thirty male Institute Cancer Research mice were subjected in this study. The results examined by this software and the classical method were compared. Test-retest reliability and inter-rater reliability were analyzed with Pearson's correlation coefficient and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The validity of this software was analyzed with Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: This software showed good test-retest reliability (ICC=0.997, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.975-0.994, p<0.001). This software also showed good inter-rater reliability (ICC=0.987, 95% CI=0.973-0.994, p<0.001). Furthermore, in three analyses for the validity of this software, there were significant correlations between two methods (Pearson's correlation coefficient=0.928-0.972, p<0.001). In addition, this software showed good reliability and validity in the analysis locomotor activity according to time interval. Conclusion: This study showed that this software in analyzing drug-induced locomotor activity has good reliability and validity. This software can be effectively used in animal study using the analysis of locomotor activity.

Neuropharmacological Activity of Humulus lupulus Extracts

Lee, Kang-Mee,Jung, Jun-Sub,Song, Dong-Keun,Kim, Yung-Hi The Korean Society of Pharmacognosy 1993 생약학회지 Vol.24 No.3

Neuropharmacological profile of Humulus lupulus (hop) extract was studied in mice. At doses above 100 mg/kg(i.p.), it decreased spontaneous locomotor activity and raised the nociceptive threshold in the hot-plate test. At doses above 250 mg/kg (i.p.), it increased pentobarbital-induced sleeping time and produced muscle relaxant effect. At the dose of 500 mg/kg, anticonvulsive effect against pentylenetetrazole-induced convulsion and hypothermic effect was observed.

Comparative Behavioral Correlation of High and Low-Performing Mice in the Forced Swim Test

( Schley Valencia ),( Edson Luck Gonzales ),( Keremkleroo Jym Adil ),( Se Jin Jeon ),( Kyoung Ja Kwon ),( Kyu Suk Cho ),( Chan Young Shin ) 한국응용약물학회 2019 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.27 No.4

Behavioral analysis in mice provided important contributions in helping understand and treat numerous neurobehavioral and neuropsychiatric disorders. The behavioral performance of animals and humans is widely different among individuals but the neurobehavioral mechanism of the innate difference is seldom investigated. Many neurologic conditions share comorbid symptoms that may have common pathophysiology and therapeutic strategy. The forced swim test (FST) has been commonly used to evaluate the “antidepressant” properties of drugs yet the individual difference analysis of this test was left scantly investigated along with the possible connection among other behavioral domains. This study conducted an FST-screening in outbred CD-1 male mice and segregated them into three groups: high performers (HP) or the active swimmers, middle performers (MP), and low performers (LP) or floaters. After which, a series of behavioral experiments were performed to measure their behavioral responses in the open field, elevated plus maze, Y maze, three-chamber social assay, novel object recognition, delay discounting task, and cliff avoidance reaction. The behavioral tests battery revealed that the three groups displayed seemingly correlated differences in locomotor activity and novel object recognition but not in other behaviors. This study suggests that the HP group in FST has higher locomotor activity and novelty-seeking tendencies compared to the other groups. These results may have important implications in creating behavior database in animal models that could be used for predicting interconnections of various behavioral domains, which eventually helps to understand the neurobiological mechanism controlling the behaviors in individual subjects.

흰쥐에서 출생 전 Nitric Oxide Synthase 억제제의 노출이 출생 후 강제 수영 시의 행동 변화에 미치는 영향

김길중,박숙현,정영인 大韓神經精神醫學會 2007 신경정신의학 Vol.46 No.5

Objectives : It has been demonstrated that nitric oxide (NO) serves as an inter- and intra-cellular messenger in the brain. NO has been implicated in the regulation of monoaminergic neurotransmission and the neuronal growth and synaptogenesis. Recently, NO has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of depression. The aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of NO in the underlying mechanisms of biological vulnerability to depression. Methods : The author measured locomotor activities and postnatal behavioral changes in the forced swimming test (FST) in rats that were exposed prenatally to N^(ω)-nitro-L-argmine, a NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor. It was also investigated that paroxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, may affect the behavioral changes in the FST. Results : Locomotor activities were significantly diminished, and the immobility times in the FST were significantly Prolonged in the rats that were exposed prenatally to NOS inhibitor compared with controls. Pretreatment with paroxetme blocked the prolongation of the immobility times in the FST. Conclusion : The results indicate that postnatal behavioral changes due to prenatal exposure to NOS inhibitor in rats may suggest an animal model of endogenous depression, and that the glutamate-NMDA-NO pathway may be involved in the Pathophysiology of depression. It is also indicated that the action of NO may, in part, be affected by serotonergic mechanism. This implicates that the glutamate-NMDA-NO pathway may lead to a novel approach to the treatment of depression.

약용식물 추출물의 숙취 해소 효과에 관한 연구

현창수,박가령,오영미,이영재,한창훈,Hyun, Chang-Su,Park, Garyoung,Oh, Young Mi,Lee, Youngjae,Han, Chang-Hoon 대한수의학회 2014 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.54 No.4

The present study was performed to evaluate the effect of medicinal plant extract on relieving hangovers in mice administered alcohol. The animals were divided into three groups. Each group was treated with fermented plant extract, non-fermented plant extract, or water 30 min after consuming ethanol (2 mL/kg). A locomotor activity test showed that all groups had decreased motor activity until 40 min after plant extract administration. The mice treated with water had lower motor activity until 100 min post-administration. However, the group treated with non-fermented plant extract showed increased motor activity 40 min post-administration, and the higher activity level was maintained until 120 min post-administration. The animals treated with fermented plant extract had a level of motor activity between those of the groups treated with water or non-fermented plant extract. Blood was collected from each mouse 120 min post-administration and aldehyde concentration was measured. The group treated with non-fermented plant extract had a significantly higher (p < 0.05) aldehyde concentration than the other groups. These results demonstrate that the non-fermented medicinal plant extract helped alleviate hangovers 40 min after administration by reducing aldehyde concentrations in the blood.

상황버섯 균사체 추출물의 숙취해소 효과에 관한 연구

김민수,안유진,이재철,박가령,박동수,전남근,이영재,한창훈,Kim, Min-Su,An, Yoo-Jin,Lee, Jae-Chul,Park, Ga-Ryoung,Park, Dong Soo,Jeon, Nam Gen,Lee, Youngjae,Han, Chang-Hoon 대한수의학회 2016 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.56 No.4

This study was conducted to evaluate the hangover relieving effect of Sanghwang mushroom mycelium extract (SME). The extract showed 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging effect in a concentration-dependent manner and high antioxidant capacity ($56.67{\pm}1.77%$) when administered at $120{\mu}g/mL$. In addition, SME significantly increased (p < 0.005) the aldehyde dehydronase (ALDH) activity ($126.03{\pm}9.11%$) when applied at 8 or $16{\mu}L/mL$. A locomotor activity test showed that the alcohol-water treated group showed significantly decreased motor activity at 90 min post-administration. However, the alcohol-SME treated group showed a 20-fold higher motor activity than that observed in the alcohol-water treated group at 90 min post-administration. Blood was harvested from each mouse at 90 min post-administration, and both alcohol and aldehyde concentrations were measured. The alcohol-SME treated group showed significantly lower (p < 0.5) alcohol ($120.13{\pm}12.83{\mu}g/mL$) and aldehyde ($7.26{\pm}1.22{\mu}g/mL$) concentrations than the values observed in the alcohol-water treated group. These results suggest that the hangover relieving effect of SME results from increased ALDH activity, which reduces the aldehyde concentration in the blood.

Delay in the Recovery of Normal Sleep-Wake Cycle after Disruption of the Light-Dark Cycle in Mice: A Bipolar Disorder-Prone Animal Model?

정선화,박제민,문은수,정영인,이병대,이영민,김지훈,Soo Yeon Kim,Hee Jeong Jeong 대한신경정신의학회 2014 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.11 No.4

Objective Disruption of the circadian rhythm is known as a provoking factor for manic episodes. Individual differences exist in the recovery rate from disruption in the general population. To develop a screening method to detect individuals vulnerable to bipolar disorder, the authors observed the relationship between the recovery of the normal sleep-wake cycle after switching the light-dark (LD) cycle and quinpirole-induced hyperactivity in mice. Methods Sixteen male mice (age of 5 weeks, weight 28–29 gm) were subjected to a circadian rhythm disruption protocol. Sleep-wake behaviors were checked every 5 min for a total duration of 15 days, i.e., 2 days of baseline observations, 3 days of LD cycle changes, and 10 days of recovery. During the dark cycle on the 16th experimental day, their general locomotor activities were measured in an open field for 120 minutes after an injection of quinpirole (0.5 mg/kg, s.c.). Results The individual differences in the recovery rate of the baseline sleep-wake cycle were noted after 3 days of switching the LD cycle. Fifty percent (n=8) of the mice returned to the baseline cycle within 6 days after normalizing the LD cycle (early recovery group). The locomotor activities of mice that failed to recover within 6 days (delayed recovery group) were significantly higher (mean rank= 12.25) than those of the early recovery group (mean rank=4.75, u=62.0, p=0.001, Mann-Whitney U test). Conclusion Given that the quinpirole-induced hyperactivity is an animal model of bipolar disorder, our results suggest individuals who have difficulties in recovery from circadian rhythm disruption may be vulnerable to bipolar disorder.

용암해수를 이용한 해조류-식물 복합추출물의 숙취해소 효과

손명수 ( Myung-soo Shon ),문혜희 ( Hae Hee Moon ),한창훈 ( Chang-hoon Han ),최혁준 ( Hyuk-joon Choi ),한복경 ( Bok Kyung Han ) 한국산업식품공학회 2018 산업 식품공학 Vol.22 No.2

This study was conducted to evaluate the hangover relieving effect of algae and plant complex extract. The complex extract showed 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging effect in a concentration-dependent manner and high antioxidant capacity (59.48%) when administered at 120 μg/mL. In addition, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activities were increased according to the concentration of the complex extract. A locomotor activity test with an alcohol-complex extract mouse group showed improved motor activities over that of the alcohol-water group at 120 min post-administration. Blood was harvested from each mouse at 120 min post-administration then concentrations of alcohol and aldehyde were measured. The alcohol-extract treated group showed significantly lower (p<0.0001) alcohol (33.48 ± 0.59 μg/mL) and aldehyde (1.54 ± 0.13 μg/mL) concentrations than the alcohol-water treated group. These results suggest that the hangover relieving effects of complex extract results in increased motor activity of mice, which reduces the alcohol and aldehyde concentration in the blood.