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- 주제어 : inter-species transmission (검색결과 4 건)
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( Woonsung Na ),송대섭 ( Daesub Song ) 대한인수공통전염병학회 2018 창립총회 및 학술대회 초록집 Vol.2018 No.1
Influenza viruses have continuously evolved into multiple mutant strains from several regions, resulting in aggravated endemic or epidemic outbreak conditions. In the 2000s, several outbreaks of inter-species transmission were reported, such as, the avian H3N2 influenza virus that crossed the host barrier to dogs. It showed a distribution similar to that of the avian sialic acid (SA) receptor, which enables the invading virus to enter the target cell. The inter-species transmission gave rise to the H3N2 canine influenza virus (CIV) that spread from East Asia to North America. The newly emerged H3N2 CIV was likely to infect to cats; however, ferrets, which had an SA receptor-binding pattern similar to that of humans, were not suitable natural hosts. In addition to avian-to-dog transmission, we found evidence for the transmission of human seasonal H3N2 and pandemic (pdm) H1N1 viruses to dogs. Serum samples collected from field dogs revealed human H3N2 infection in dogs since 2008, and pdm H1N1 infection alone or in combination with H3N2 CIV after 2009. The infectivity of pdm H1N1 and seasonal H3N2 viruses in dogs was proven when artificial inoculation of the viruses with active viral shedding in dogs caused pathologic changes in the lungs. Studies on sero-prevalence and artificial infection suggested the possibility of co-infection of and reassortment between the two viruses in dogs; later, H3N1 and variants of M-variant H3N2 reassortants between pandemic H1N1/2009 and prototype H3N2 CIV were isolated. We isolated 23 CIV reassortants from a naturally co-infected dog, and found that the M gene of pdm H1N1 and the HA gene of H3N2 CIV were predominant in reassortants that showed increased virulence in mice. Notably, the H3N2 CIV with the matrix gene of the pdm H1N1 virus showed more efficient transmission in ferrets than the classic H3N2 CIV. Recently, the H5 lineage of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus has spread in Asia. There is some concern regarding the potential transmission of HPAI viruses into dogs. We have found that dogs are susceptible to HPAI clade 1.1.2 (H5N1), 2.3.2.1c (H5N1), and 2.3.4.4 (H5N6). Infected dogs showed clinical signs, suggesting that dogs co-infected with HPAI could act as intermediate hosts for avian-human influenza virus reassortment. Dogs are an integral part of family life, sharing our lifestyles, houses, and even beds. We had previously shown the possibility of inter-species virus transmissions and natural reassortments in dogs. These results implied that this primary companion animal, which lives in closer proximity to humans than pigs, might act as a mixing vessel or a source of novel influenza A virus in humans. Our findings emphasized the necessity of intensive monitoring for influenza infection in companion animals for investigating the potential for the emergence of novel human influenza strains.
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Epidemiological Studies of Avian Paramyxovirus Type 4 and 6 in Commercial Chicken Flocks in Korea
Lee, Hae Rim,Koo, Bon-Sang,Jeon, Eun-Ok,Han, Moo-Sung,Min, Kyung-Cheol,Lee, Seung Baek,Bae, Yeonji,Choi, Kang-Seuk,Shin, Jeong-Hwa,Mo, In-Pil The Korean Society of Poultry Science 2013 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.40 No.4
Avian paramyxovirus (APMV) type 4 and 6 were isolated during an avian influenza (AI) surveillance program of wild birds. This study also conducted experimental infection of wild-bird-origin APMV type 4 and 6 in specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens to study pathogenicity and transmission within domestic flocks. In addition, serological prevalence data of APMV type 4 and 6 in domestic fowls was conducted with chicken sera collected from 2007 to 2009 in order to understand infection status. The results of the animal experiment showed that APMV type 4 and 6 had the ability to infect chickens with sero-conversion and to transmit the virus from infected birds to contacted birds, but showed low pathogenicity. Serological tests revealed that APMV type 4 was widespread in the poultry industry, especially in layer flocks, but the positive rate for APMV type 6 was very low. This study concluded that wild bird-origin APMV type 4 and 6 could infect the chickens by inter-species transmission and the seroprevalence of APMV type 4 was quite high in Korean poultry. However, since almost all the chicken flocks had a high level of antibody titer against APMV type 1, there was possibility of cross reaction between APMV type 1 and 4, which made the interpretations more complicated. In order to understand infection status in the natural environment, additional study is necessary regarding the seroprevalence of APMV type 4 and 6 in the wild bird population.
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국내 실용계 계군의 조류 파라믹소바이러스 4형 및 6형에 관한 역학 연구
이혜림,구본상,전은옥,한무성,민경철,이승백,배연지,최강석,신정화,모인필 한국가금학회 2013 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.40 No.4
Avian paramyxovirus (APMV) type 4 and 6 were isolated during an avian influenza (AI) surveillance program of wild birds. This study also conducted experimental infection of wild-bird-origin APMV type 4 and 6 in specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens to study pathogenicity and transmission within domestic flocks. In addition, serological prevalence data of APMV type 4 and 6 in domestic fowls was conducted with chicken sera collected from 2007 to 2009 in order to understand infection status. The results of the animal experiment showed that APMV type 4 and 6 had the ability to infect chickens with sero-conversion and to transmit the virus from infected birds to contacted birds, but showed low pathogenicity. Serological tests revealed that APMV type 4 was widespread in the poultry industry, especially in layer flocks, but the positive rate for APMV type 6 was very low. This study concluded that wild bird-origin APMV type 4 and 6 could infect the chickens by inter-species transmission and the seroprevalence of APMV type 4 was quite high in Korean poultry. However, since almost all the chicken flocks had a high level of antibody titer against APMV type 1, there was possibility of cross reaction between APMV type 1 and 4, which made the interpretations more complicated. In order to understand infection status in the natural environment, additional study is necessary regarding the seroprevalence of APMV type 4 and 6 in the wild bird population.
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