18~24개월 자녀를 둔 어머니의 영아에 대한 신념 및 신념에 따른 양육 실제

안예슬(Ye Seul Ahn),김교령(Kyo Ryoung Kim),이승연(Seung Yeon Lee) 한국보육지원학회 2021 한국보육지원학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Objective: This study aimed to understand mothers’ beliefs about infants and their practices. Methods: As a qualitative study, the participants were 11 mothers and their 18-24 month old infants. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and observations. Results: The participants’ maternal beliefs about infants were contrasted in terms of infants’ abilities and respect for infants. First, the mothers that perceived infants as competent beings, believed that infants can understand daily routine, communicate and empathize, and concentrate. On the contrary, the mothers that perceived infants as incapable beings, believed that infants lack the understanding of daily routine and the abilities of communication, empathy, and concentration. Second, the mothers that perceived infants as subjective beings, respected their infants, and their infants’ opinions when making decisions. On the other hand, the mothers that perceived infants as objective beings, believed that infants should be led by adults and their opinions as not being very important. Third, their maternal beliefs were closely connected to their practices. Conclusion/Implications: Since maternal beliefs about infants turn out to be significant in mothers’ thoughts and practices with their infants, it is necessary to figure out maternal beliefs about infants and support them to have more positive beliefs.

G시 보건소에 등록된 미숙아의 영유아기 성장과 발달 상태

주현옥 한국아동간호학회 2008 Child Health Nursing Research Vol.14 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compared the growth and development of premature and full-term infants during the 2 years after birth. Method: The participants were 102 infants, 51 each for premature infants, and for healthy full-term infants. Participants in the premature group accounted for 17.5% of all premature infants who were registered at the public health center in G city. Developmental status was evaluated using the Korean Denver II. Results: The catch-up growth of the premature was 100% in weight and in height. Suspicious developmental delay according to the Korean Denver II was 3.9% in normal infants and 31.2% in premature infants. Factors related to the suspicious developmental delay in premature infants were their age and health state at birth. The rate of suspicious developmental delay was higher in infants over 6 months and infants unhealthy at birth. Conclusion: A premature follow-up program, which includes nutrition education to achieve catch-up growth and to prevention obesity, along with continuous developmental screening test for infants and children born prematurely is recommended. Provision for home visits and telephone counseling for premature infants and their families who do not to use the public health center should also be included.

The Magnesium-Rich Formula for Functional Constipation in Infants: a Randomized Comparator-Controlled Study

Marc A. Benninga,MENA Infant Constipation Study Group,Yvan Vandenplas 대한소아소화기영양학회 2019 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.22 No.3

Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of the magnesium (Mg)-enriched formula vs. control formula in constipated infants. Methods: An open-label, interventional, and the comparator-controlled study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the Mg-enriched formula in formula-fed infants ≤6 months old presenting with functional constipation according to modified Rome IV criteria. Infants were randomized 1:1 to intervention or control formula for 30 days. Parents recorded stool consistency (hard, normal, or watery) and frequency on days 1–7 and 23–29. Physicians recorded patient baseline characteristics and performed the clinical examination at the time of three patient visits (baseline, day 8, and 30). Results: Of the 286 recruited infants, 143 received the Mg-rich formula and 142 received the control formula. After 7 days, significantly more infants had stools with normal consistency with the Mg-rich formula compared to the infants fed with the control formula (81.8% vs. 41.1%; p <0.001). The number of infants passing one or more stools per day was increased at day 7 in the Mg-rich formula group (86.7% vs. 68.2%; p <0.001). At days 7 and 29, >25% of infants responded completely to the Mg-rich formula compared to <5% of infants fed with the control formula ( p <0.001). Parents of infants in the Mg-rich formula group were very satisfied with the treatment (80.8% vs. 10.2%), with the majority willing to continue treatment after 30 days (97.9% vs. 52.6%; p <0.001). Conclusion: The Mg-rich formula significantly improved stool consistency and frequency compared to the control formula in constipated infants.

모유영양아와 인공영양아의 피하지방 및 상완위의 성장발육 상태 : 영아의 피하지방 및 상완위 발육상태

최경숙,최혜미,구재옥,임경숙,김주혜,김숙배 동아시아식생활학회 1997 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.7 No.1

One- to three- month-old infants (n=232) were compared their upper arm cumference and skinfold thickness(triceps, subscapular) by feeding methods in cross-sectional study. There were two groups : breast-fed(BF) and formula-fed groups(FF). As reported previously^(7)), weight, length, head and chest circumferences of these infants were good, and overall growth status was not significantly different by feeding methods, but weight, weight velocity and chest circumference of formula-fed infants were higher than breast-feds at 3 month, significantly. Here, the triceps skinfold thickness of infants at 1, 2, and 3 postpartum months were 7.4, 9.5 and 10.5 ㎜, respectively. The triceps skinfold thickness of breast-fed infants were higher than formula-feds at 1 and 2 postpartum month, but at 3 month, that of formula-fed infants was greater than breast-fed infants, insignificantly. The subscapular skinfold thickness of infants were 6.4, 9.2 and 10.6 ㎜ at 1 to 3 postpartum months, respectively. The upper arm circumference of infants were 11.7, 13.4, 14.3㎝, and the arm muscle diameter were 34.5, 39.3 and 41.7㎝ at one to three postpartum months, respectively. The upper arm circumference of male infants was higher than females at 2, 3 postpartum months. Overall, there were no significant differences between feeding methods in triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness, upper arm circumference and arm muscle diameter. But 3-month-old formula-fed male infants showed bigger significantly in arm circumference than the breast-feds. From this survey, long-term survey on growth and body composition of large scales might be necessary to determine the effect of feeding methods of infants after 3 months and to set proper body composition standard for infant.

How parents provide care for Infants receiving Vaccination: Cases Report

Duanphen Thongpong,Saovakon Virasiri 한국간호과학회 2021 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10

Immunization for young children is of strong necessity for their health due to lower immunity. However, immunization can cause adverse effects in various types which call as ‘Adverse Events Following Immunization’ (AEFI). The AEFI usually does not cause high severity and can occur in various types such as skin rash and redness, fever, and pain. In case of severe side effects; anphylactic shock may occur. Hence, parents will fear and are anxious. Some parents could not provide care for their infants to relieve the adverse events appropriately. Thus, the issue of how parents provide care for vaccinated infants is very important, particularly for nurses in providing health care for infants, including parents. This cases report was aimed at exploring the situation of how parents provide care for their infants in regard to vaccination at one hospital in Thailand. Ten parents were selected using purposive selection. The inclusion criterion was parents or caregivers of infants aged 2-12 months. Data was collected by interview and observation using interview guidline and observation record form. Content analysis was done. The findings were presented with descriptive reporting. The findings revealed all parents took their infants for vaccination without knowing about the names and benefits of the vaccines. Eight mothers did not check the immunization handbook. Two grandmothers gave medicine for relieving fever of the infants both before and after vaccination. During vaccination, some parents could not hold their infants appropriately. Some of them did not know about how to support their infants during injection. One mother relieved fever of the infant by soaking in warm water mixed with lime juice. Two parents applied balm and herbal medicated oil for relieving edema and pain at injection area. Three parents applied herbal powder at the vaccinated area to decrease inflammation. Two parents did not provide tepid sponge for their infants. All of them did not know of and thus did not observe AEFI events. Ultimately, the cases report reflects limitation of knowledge, believe, and practice among parents in relation to vaccination care for their infants. Thus, nurses and health personnels should create and provide family health education program for enhancing relevant knowledge, believes, and skills for parents of infants.

The Magnesium-Rich Formula for Functional Constipation in Infants: a Randomized Comparator-Controlled Study

Benninga, Marc A.,MENA Infant Constipation Study Group,Vandenplas, Yvan The Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology 2019 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.22 No.3

Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of the magnesium (Mg)-enriched formula vs. control formula in constipated infants. Methods: An open-label, interventional, and the comparator-controlled study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the Mg-enriched formula in formula-fed infants ${\leq}6$ months old presenting with functional constipation according to modified Rome IV criteria. Infants were randomized 1:1 to intervention or control formula for 30 days. Parents recorded stool consistency (hard, normal, or watery) and frequency on days 1-7 and 23-29. Physicians recorded patient baseline characteristics and performed the clinical examination at the time of three patient visits (baseline, day 8, and 30). Results: Of the 286 recruited infants, 143 received the Mg-rich formula and 142 received the control formula. After 7 days, significantly more infants had stools with normal consistency with the Mg-rich formula compared to the infants fed with the control formula (81.8% vs. 41.1%; p<0.001). The number of infants passing one or more stools per day was increased at day 7 in the Mg-rich formula group (86.7% vs. 68.2%; p<0.001). At days 7 and 29, >25% of infants responded completely to the Mg-rich formula compared to <5% of infants fed with the control formula (p<0.001). Parents of infants in the Mg-rich formula group were very satisfied with the treatment (80.8% vs. 10.2%), with the majority willing to continue treatment after 30 days (97.9% vs. 52.6%; p<0.001). Conclusion: The Mg-rich formula significantly improved stool consistency and frequency compared to the control formula in constipated infants.

Comparisons of Clinical Characteristics Affecting Readmission between Late Preterm Infants and Moderate Preterm Infants or Full-Term Infants

Jae Seok Shin,Yu Bin Kim,Yong Hee Lee,Gyu Hong Shim,Myoung Jae Chey 대한신생아학회 2016 Neonatal medicine Vol.23 No.4

Purpose: We aimed to describe the differences in clinical characteristics that affect readmission between late and moderate preterm or full-term infants. Methods: Medical records were reviewed for 881 patients with gestational ages of ≥31+0 weeks who were born at Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital between1 Janu- ary 2013 and 20 September 2015. The patients were categorized into three subgroups as follows moderate preterm infants: those born at 31-33 weeks’ gestation (n=73), late preterm infants: those born at 34–36 weeks’ gestation (n=169),and full-term infants: those born at ≥37 weeks’ gestation (n=639). We compared the late and moderate preterm or full-term infants in terms of clinical characteristics that affect read- mission. Results: The readmission rate was 18.9% in the late preterm infants, 21.9% in the moderate preterm infants, and 16.7% in the full-term infants. The independent risk factors of readmission were gestational age in the late preterm infants, positive pres- sure ventilation at birth in the moderate preterm infants, and air-leak syndrome in the full-term infants. In addition, antenatal care at the first trimester of pregnancy was an independent protective factor against readmission in the full-term infants. Conclusion: Our results suggest that gestational age may affect the readmission rate of late preterm infants.

발달장애유아의 그림발달단계 선호 색채 사용 색채 수 분석

이규순 한국예술심리치료학회 2009 예술심리치료연구 Vol.5 No.2

The Purpose of this study was to analysis of development-disorder infant's drawing focusing on their drawing's developmental stages, preferred colors, and number of color. First, with regard to stages of development in drawings based on sex and age, I came to know that most infants with development disorders are in the scribing stage, which is the first stage of the 6 stages on development in drawings that V. Lowenfeld crafted for infants. And, it was also found that female infants are relatively in higher stages than their male counterparts in terms of development in drawings. Along with this, though individual differences in the development are stark based on the severity of disorders, infants with development disorders also show progress in drawings as they grow older, and I could see that to some extent, they are able to express their emotions more freely. Second, I studied whether colors they like are different according to sex and age. I found out that male infants with development disorders prefer a black color the most, and female infants like a green color the most, showing that male and female infants with development disorders have different color preferences. In addition, it turned out that those who are at 4 like orange, reddish brown and black colors the most, and infants of 5 years old prefer a yellow color the most. Many people have conducted research on color preferences, and they are showing much different views on this matter. Third, regarding whether there are differences in the number of colors they use according to sex and age, a lot of male infants drew pictures using one color, and in the case of female infants, many of them used two kinds of colors. For infants with development disorders, I could see that the number of colors they used according to sex has statistical importance. Infants with development disorders of 4 years old turned out to use two colors when they draw pictures, and in the case of those who are at 5, many of them used one color. For infants with development disorders, the number of colors they use based on age has no statistical importance.

까다롭게 먹는 아기의 기질, 어머니의 식행동과 식사 지도 방법의 특성

김윤정,이윤나,변기원,최혜미,한영신,이상일,정상진 대한지역사회영양학회 2005 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.10 No.4

tHE PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY WAS TO DETERMINE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFANTS’ TEMPERAMENTS, MATERNAL FEEDING BEHAVIORS AND FEEDING PRACTICES IN PICKY EATERS. PARTICIPANTS WERE 83 INFANTS (AGED 12 - 24 MONTHS) FROM “a” HOSPITAL (sEOUL)AND “b” PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER (KYUNGGIDO). mOTHERS COMPLETED QUESTIONNAIRES THAT ASSESSED THEIR OWN FEEDING BEHAVIOR,FEEDING PRACTICES, INFANTS’ TEMPERAMENT AND INFANTS’ FEEDING BEHAVIOR. PICKY EATERS’ DEMOGRAPHICS WERE NOT SIGNIFICANTLY DIFFERENT FROM NON-PICKY EATERS AFTER ADJUSTING SEX AND AGE. tHE AVERAGE OF THIAMIN, NIACIN AND VITAMIN e INTAKES OF PICKY EATERS WERE BELOW 75$ KOREAN rda, WHEREAS VITAMIN a INTAKES EXCEED 120$ rda IN BOTH GROUPS. aCTIVITY LEVEL OF INFANTS’ TEMPERAMENT AND DISINHIBITION OF MATERNAL FEEDING BEHAVIOR IN PICKY EATERS WERE SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER THAN THOSE IN NON-PICKY EATER. aLL CONSTRUCTS OF INFANTS FEEDING BEHAVIOR WERE SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH CERTAIN CONSTRUCTS OF INFANTS’ TEMPERAMENT, MATERNAL FEEDING PRACTICE AND MATERNAL FEEDING BEHAVIOR. tHE PICKINESS OF INFANTS FEEDING BEHAVIOR WAS POSITIVELY CORRELATED WITH ACTIVITY LEVEL OF INFANTS’ TEMPERAMENT, PICKINESS AND DISINHIBITION OF MATERNAL FEEDING BEHAVIOR AND NEGATIVELY CORRELATED WITH ADAPTABILITY OF INFANTS’ TEMPERAMENT. FINDINGS SUGGEST THAT MATERNAL FEEDING BEHAVIOR AND FEEDING PRACTICES AS WELL AS INFANTS’ TEMPERAMENT SHOULD BE ADDRESSED IN NUTRITION EDUCATION FOR PICKY EATERS. (KOREAN J ¢OMMUNITY nUTRITION 10(4) : 462 ~ 470, 2005)

장애 영?유아의 보육정책에 관한 연구

조주현(Cho ju-hyeon) 한국유아교육·보육행정학회 2007 유아교육·보육복지연구 Vol.11 No.1

자연적인 환경에서 조기중재와 사회통합의 기능을 할 수 있는 장애 영·유아 보육시설이 제기능을 하기 위해서는 일관된 제도적 행정적 정책적 지원이 필요하다. 이에 본 연구는 장애 영·유아 보육현황을 바탕으로 이를 활성화하기 위한 개선 방안을 다음과 같이 제안한다. 첫째, 장애 영·유아를 보육시설 입소 우선 대상에 포함하고, 장애 유형 정도 등에 따라 입소기준을 구체적으로 마련하며, 국공립 및 법인 보육시설에 일반아동의 10% 정도는 장애 영·유아 보육을 하도록 한다. 둘째, 장애전담 보육시설은 특수교육과 다양한 치료서비스를, 통합 보육시설은 시간제 보육서비스 등을 제공할 수 있도록 유도해 나가야 하며, 기본적인 시설 설비 확충 및 보강사업은 국고사업 이외에 각 시도 및 시·군·구에서의 특별사업 지원책이 요구되며 장애등급과 장애성향에 따른 효과적인 교사 배치제도와 보수수준의 현실화가 이루어져야 한다. 셋째. 관련법등에 장애 영·유아 보육에 대한 조항을 별도로 두어 포괄적인 복지서비스를 제공할 수 있도록 중앙행정기관간의 상호협력체제가 구축되어야 한다. The daycare facilities for infants and Preschoolers with Disabilities can function the role of early intervention and social integration within a natural environment. A uniform systematic and administrative support is needed for these facilities to function properly. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to review the current situations of the daycare facilities for infants and preschoolers with disabilities and to propose the possible measures for their improvements to be vitalized. The followings are the improvement measures proposed on the basis of the results of this study. Firstly, infants and preschoolers with disabilities should have the priority when admitted newly for the daycare centers and the concrete admission requirements should be specified based on the types and the severities of their disabilities. Also, national, public or corporate daycare facilities should be obligated to share 10% of their total admissions to infants and preschoolers with disabilities. Secondly, the daycare for infants and preschoolers should be the top priority for the daycare policies. The daycare facilities for infants and preschoolers with disabilities should be provide specialized education and various medical treatment services and integrated daycare facilities to provide part-time care services. Also, various early intervention service model should be developed and applied. However, infants and preschoolers for the after-school cares should be transferred to children"s welfare institutes in the future. Thirdly, the special provisions for the daycare of infants and preschoolers should be established in Mothers" and Children"s Health Act, Handicapped Persons" Welfare Act, Specialized Education Promotion Act and Infants" and Kids" Daycare Act, for the establishment of early diagnosis system for disabilities. The special rules of the daycare for infants and preschoolers with disabilities should include the following provisions for them; assessment and identification, placement and treatment, individualized education, educational support, and integrated facilities in national and public organizations. Also, infants and preschoolers should be provided with prioritized assessments, special admission requirements in accordance with the types and the severities of their disabilities, and part-time cares. The central administrative organizations should be interconnected for cooperation in order to provide inclusive welfare services for infants and preschoolers with disabilities.