옥내외 겸용 측위 방법

임재걸(Jae-Geol Yim),이계영(Gye-Young Lee),심규박(Kyu-Bark Shim) 한국멀티미디어학회 2006 멀티미디어학회논문지 Vol.9 No.9

위치기반 서비스는 사용자의 지리적인 현재 위치를 기반으로 사용자에게 제공되는 서비스를 일컫는다. 위치기반 서비스는 고부가가치를 제공하기 때문에 기업, 산업, 그리고 개인 생활에까지 널리 적용되고 있다. 사용자의 위치 판단(측위)은 위치기반 서비스 시스템 구축에 반드시 필요한 요소 기술이다. GPS로 인하여 건물 외부에서의 측위는 성공적으로 실용되고 있으나, 옥내 측위는 많은 전략이 발표되었음에도 불구하고 일반적인 해법이 아직도 존재하지 않는다. 성공적인 옥내 측위 해법이 존재하지 않는 이유 중 하나는 현존하는 대부분의 측위 전략이 전적으로 측위에만 사용되는 특수 장치를 사용하기 때문이다. 본 논문에서는 부가적인 장비를 사용하지 않는 옥내 측위 전략을 소개한다. 또한, 제안하는 옥내 측위 전략과 GPS 기반의 옥외 측위 방법을 통합하여 옥내외 겸용 측위 시스템을 구축하고, 이 시스템의 실험 결과를 소개한다. Location-Based Service (LBS) is a service provided to the user based on the user's current geographic location. Since LBS provides a higher value-added service, LBS has been applied on various businesses, industries and even on personal lives. Positioning users is the essential technology in building an LBS system. Thanks to GPS (Global Positioning System), positioning outdoor is successfully used in practice. However, there is not a general solution for indoor positioning yet, even though many strategies for indoor positioning have been introduced. One of the reasons for the lack of successful indoor positioning is that most of the existing indoor positioning strategies require special equipments dedicated for positioning. This paper introduces an indoor positioning strategy that does not require any additional equipments. Integrating our indoor positioning strategy with GPS-based outdoor positioning, we have implemented an indoor-outdoor positioning system. Experimental results of the system is also introduced.

Forward Matching Fusion Algorithm for PDR based on Geomagnetic Fingerprint Map

Yuke Li,Pengju Wang,Tong Li,Yinxuan Liu,Shigeyuki Tateno 제어로봇시스템학회 2022 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.11

Aiming at the problem that indoor positioning using pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) algorithm will lead to error accumulation and the precision of built-in sensors of smartphones is not high enough, indoor positioning research based on the fusion of geomagnetic positioning and PDR positioning algorithm is proposed. A Kriging interpolation based fusion matching algorithm was used to construct geomagnetic fingerprint map to reduce the time spent in data sampling. The fusion positioning is realized by combining the PDR positioning with the hybrid matching algorithm of lattice matching and sequence matching. The improved algorithm solves the problems of global search for geomagnetic sequence matching and PDR positioning error accumulation in traditional methods, improves the positioning accuracy and solves the problems that through the wall or even out of the map caused by the error accumulation. Experimental results show that the maximum positioning error of the proposed algorithm is less than 1m in the complex movement of 120 steps for 60m. The probability of positioning accuracy less than 0.5m is 85%. This can meet the needs of ordinary indoor positioning.

거푸집공사 단계에서의 지구자기장 기반 작업자 실내측위기술 적용 방법

김형준 ( Kim Hyungjun ),이창우 ( Lee Changwoo ),김현민 ( Kim Hyeonmin ),안희재 ( Ahn Heejae ),이창수 ( Lee Changsu ),조훈희 ( Cho Hunhee ) 한국건축시공학회 2023 한국건축시공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.23 No.1

Positioning information of workers is important for safety management at construction sites. Among the various indoor positioning technologies, geomagnetic fields-based technology is more economical and has less error than other technologies. However, there is a problem that the installation and dismantling of materials such as formwork at construction sites can cause degradation in positioning performance. Therefore, in this study, the distortion of the geomagnetic field near euro-form was quantitatively measured and the application method of geomagnetic field-based indoor positioning technology on formwork stage was presented. The results showed that the distortion occurred within 10cm of the wall and column form, but positioning accuracy could be affected up to 60cm from the form due to the characteristic of geomagnetic field-collecting technology. Therefore, applying this technology to the formwork stage requires complementary measures, such as using other positioning techniques up to 60 cm near the formwork, or excluding distorted area when positioning. It is expected that this study can contribute to the efficient safety management of workers by suggesting ways to prevent an increase in positioning error when applying geomagnetic field sequence-based indoor positioning technology during the formwork stage.

A Comparison of Deep Learning Models for IQ Fingerprint Map Based Indoor Positioning in Ship Environments

Yootae Shin,Qianfeng Lin,Jooyoung Son 한국인터넷정보학회 2024 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.18 No.4

The importance of indoor positioning has grown in numerous application areas such as emergency response, logistics, and industrial automation. In ships, indoor positioning is also needed to provide services to passengers on board. Due to the complex structure and dynamic nature of ship environments, conventional positioning techniques have limitations in providing accurate positions. Compared to other indoor positioning technologies, Bluetooth 5.1-based indoor positioning technology is highly suitable for ship environments. Bluetooth 5.1 attains centimeter-level positioning accuracy by collecting In-phase and Quadrature (IQ) samples from wireless signals. However, distorted IQ samples can lead to significant errors in the final estimated position. Therefore, we propose an indoor positioning method for ships that utilizes a Deep Neural Network (DNN) combined with IQ fingerprint maps to overcome the challenges associated with accurate location detection within the ship. The results indicate that the accuracy of our proposed method can reach up to 97.76%.

Current Status of Indoor Positioning System Based on Visible Light

Kun Yan,Haiyan Zhou,Hailin Xiao,Xiangli Zhang 제어로봇시스템학회 2015 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.10

With the flourishing of wireless information access, indoor positioning is becoming a topic of interest in both academic and industry community. Numerous techniques have been proposed to address this problem under diverse circumstances. Recently, the area of indoor positioning is dominated by three kinds of methodologies, such as rangebased positioning, fingerprint-based positioning and inertial positioning. This paper is presented to overview the indoor positioning techniques using visible light based on the range-based positioning. The state-of-the-art research results will be studied. The typical localization mechanisms used in visible light positioning systems are analyzed by evaluation metrics to provide an insight of the systems’ performances.

A Hybrid of Smartphone Camera and Basestation Wide-area Indoor Positioning Method

( Jichao Jiao ),( Zhongliang Deng ),( Lianming Xu ),( Fei Li ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2016 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.10 No.2

Indoor positioning is considered an enabler for a variety of applications, the demand for an indoor positioning service has also been accelerated. That is because that people spend most of their time indoor environment. Meanwhile, the smartphone integrated powerful camera is an efficient platform for navigation and positioning. However, for high accuracy indoor positioning by using a smartphone, there are two constraints that includes: (1) limited computational and memory resources of smartphone; (2) users` moving in large buildings. To address those issues, this paper uses the TC-OFDM for calculating the coarse positioning information includes horizontal and altitude information for assisting smartphone camera-based positioning. Moreover, a unified representation model of image features under variety of scenarios whose name is FAST-SURF is established for computing the fine location. Finally, an optimization marginalized particle filter is proposed for fusing the positioning information from TC-OFDM and images. The experimental result shows that the wide location detection accuracy is 0.823 m (1σ) at horizontal and 0.5 m at vertical. Comparing to the WiFi-based and ibeacon-based positioning methods, our method is powerful while being easy to be deployed and optimized.

Development of an Indoor-Outdoor Positioning Android App for Anapji Tourist Guides

Kyubark Shim,Jaegeol Yim,Junri Jeon 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.9 No.3

This paper introduces the development details of an Indoor and Outdoor Positioning Android app for Anapji, an artificial pond in Gyeongju National Park in Korea, tourist guide apps. There is a pathway around the pond, with around 10 viewpoints and Imhaejeon, a gazebo-like Korean traditional house, along this pathway. In Imhaejeon, we can find an Anapji bird's-eye view at the center and 12 cultural artifacts unearthed at Anapji displayed along the four edges of Imhaejeon. Tourists walk along the pathway and stop at a viewpoint to enjoy the scenic beauty at their wish. Most of them also enter Imhaejeon, walk along the edge, and stop in front of an artifact to watch it. Whenever a tourist stops to watch something, tourist guide apps show a content that is closely related to the thing that is being watched. The content can be a video clip describing how the artifact was crafted or a video game that mimics an ancient game played by the people in the 8th century. This kind of tourist guide app cannot be realized unless they can recognize the position where the user is located. This paper develops an indoor-outdoor positioning Android app that is an essential part of tourist guide apps. Our indoor-outdoor positioning app uses the GPS receiver for outdoor positioning whereas it uses the dead reckoning method for indoor positioning. Our test results showed that our indoor-outdoor positioning app is accurate enough to be used for practical tourist guide apps.

BLE 및 WkNN 기반 이동 단말 실내 위치 측위 플랫폼 개발

김래현,오성현,김정곤 한국통신학회 2022 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.47 No.9

Recently, indoor/outdoor positioning techniques using various wireless communication methods have been applied for the smooth provision of user Device-based LBS. In the case of outdoor positioning, GPS signal is received and positioning is performed smoothly, but in the case of indoor positioning, there is a problem that the GPS signal is not received normally, so alternative techniques using various wireless signals such as WiFi and Bluetooth are actively studied. In this paper, a smart-helmet equipped with a BLE beacon and a real-time positioning PC program were implemented. The RSS measured when the smart helmet is moved was compared with the standard RSS of the fingerprint map Sample Point in the cosine similarity comparison method, triangulation method, kNN and WkNN methods. In this paper, both the kNN and WkNN methods output the corresponding smart helmet position coordinates based on the measured RSS, and the average Euclidean distance difference between the positioning coordinates and the actual position coordinates is further compared and analyzed with cosine similarity and triangulation. As a result of the experiment, the WkNN-based positioning technique showed the best positioning performance in the test bed environment. The WkNN-based positioning technique showed improved positioning performance by about 20% compared to the kNN-based positioning technique, by about 34% compared to the triangulation technique, and by about 41% compared to the cosine similarity comparison method. Through this, it was confirmed that the WkNN technique is a relatively accurate indoor positioning techniques in a beacon terminal mobile environment. 최근 사용자 단말 기반 LBS의 원활한 제공을 위해 다양한 무선통신 방식을 응용한 실내·외 위치 측위 기법들이 적용되고 있다. 실외 측위의 경우 GPS 신호를 수신하여 원활한 측위가 이루어지지만 실내 측위의 경우 GPS 신호가 정상적으로 수신이 되지 않는 문제점이 존재하여 WiFi 및 Bluetooth 등 다양한 무선 신호를 활용한 대체기법들이 활발히 연구되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 BLE 비콘이 장착된 스마트 안전모와 실시간 위치 측위 PC 프로그램을 구현하였다. 스마트 안전모가 이동 시 측정된 RSS를 코사인 유사도 비교법, 삼각측량법, kNN 그리고WkNN 방식에서 핑거프린트 맵 Sample Point의 기준 RSS와 비교하였다. 본 논문에서는 kNN 및 WkNN 방식모두 측정된 RSS를 기반으로 해당 스마트 안전모 위치 좌표를 출력하고 측위 좌표 대비 실제 위치 좌표 간 평균유클리드 거리 차를 Cosine Similarity 및 삼각측량법과 추가 비교 분석하였다. 실험 결과 상기 테스트베드 환경에서 WkNN 기반 측위 기법이 가장 우수한 측위 성능을 보여주었다. WkNN 기반 측위 기법은 kNN 기반 측위 기법 대비 약 20%, 삼각측량 기법 대비 약 34%, 코사인 유사도 비교방식 대비 약 41% 개선된 측위 성능을 보여주었다. 이를 통해 WkNN 기법이 비콘 단말 이동 환경에서 상대적으로 정확한 실내 측위 기법임을 확인하였다.

Research on the Positioning of Work Machines in Greenhouse Using Bluetooth Low Energy Indoor Detection Technology

( Jian-xin He ),( Cang-qi Li ),( Ming-yen Lin ),( Chyung Ay ) 한국농업기계학회 2018 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.23 No.1

Outdoor is using a mobile device combined with global positioning system (GPS) for positioning, the most popular application today; and indoor is based on the signal strength of Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, ZigBee and other wireless communication technology as a positioning basis. This research uses a fruit harvester for positioning in a greenhouse. However, the positioning accuracy of GPS in a greenhouse is easily affected and unable to be precise due to obstacles, communication channels, and multiple paths. To solve this problem, this study used iBeacon Bluetooth 4.0 module as a communication device for indoor positioning. In the experiment, ten iBeacons were used as the sending end, placed at various points in the room to serve as a positioning basis, and then installed an iBeacon combined with the Arduino on a fruit harvester as the receiving end. Then use the intensity of the sending and receiving signal as the basis, with the least square method, to calculate the corresponding distance between the signal receiving point and the sending point, and finally estimate the position of the fruit harvester by triangulation. At present, the preliminary experiment results show that, with the classroom as the test space, the indoor positioning success rate can reach 77% within 3 meters of the error value. The same method will be applied to find out the best positioning method for the harvester in the greenhouse.

무선랜의 신호세기를 이용한 실내 측위

김숙자,이진현,지규인,이장규,김욱,Kim, Suk-Ja,Lee, Jin-Hyun,Jee, Gyu-In,Lee, Jang-Gyu,Kim, Wuk 제어로봇시스템학회 2004 제어·로봇·시스템학회 논문지 Vol.10 No.8

Outdoors we can easily acquire our accurate location by GPS. However, the GPS signal can't be acquired indoors because of its weak signal power level. Adequate positioning method is demanded for many indoor positioning applications. At present, wireless local area network (WLAN) is widely installed in various areas such as airport, campus, and park. This paper proposes a positioning algorithm using WLAN signal strength to provide the position of the WLAN user indoors. There are two methods for WLAN based positioning, the signal propagation method uses signal strength model over space and the empirical method uses RF power propagation database. The proposed method uses the probability distribution of the power propagation and the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) algorithm based on power strength DB. Test results show that the proposed method can provide reasonably accurate position information.