Vitamin D deficiency is a public health emergency amongst indonesian children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence

Octavius Gilbert Sterling,Shakila Ayesha,Meliani Mariska,Halim Anita 대한소아내분비학회 2023 Apem Vol.28 No.1

Purpose: This study aimed to describe the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Indonesian children and adolescents. Methods: This was a meta-analysis of prevalence using the Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman method with a random effects model. A prediction interval was used to estimate true effects. We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and 3 Indonesian databases (Indonesian Scientific Journal Database, Neliti, and Indonesia One Search). We included cross-sectional or case-control studies that provided data on the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. We excluded case reports, case series, cohort studies, or studies outside Indonesia. We computed point prevalence by dividing the number of children with hypovitaminosis D by the total number of subjects in that study. This review was registered with PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews) (CRD42022329814). Results: Of 1,397 manuscripts identified, 7 were included in this review. A total of 5,870 children were included in this meta-analysis, ranging in age from 6 months to 19 years. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in Indonesia was calculated as 33% (95% confidence interval [CI], 9–56) and was higher in females (60% [95% CI, 58–62]) than in males (40% [95% CI, 38–42]). Mean serum vitamin D level was 22.74 ng/mL (95% CI, 16.95–30.51) with a prediction interval of 15.96 ng/mL to 29.52 ng/mL. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency is a public health emergency in Indonesia. Strategies to detect and treat vitamin D deficiency in Indonesian children and adolescents should be implemented immediately.

Vitamin D deficiency is a public health emergency among Indonesian children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence

Octavius Gilbert Sterling,Shakila Ayesha,Meliani Mariska,Halim Anita 대한소아내분비학회 2023 Annals of Pediatirc Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol.28 No.1

Purpose: This study aimed to describe the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Indonesian children and adolescents. Methods: This was a meta-analysis of prevalence using the Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman method with a random effects model. A prediction interval was used to estimate true effects. We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and 3 Indonesian databases (Indonesian Scientific Journal Database, Neliti, and Indonesia One Search). We included cross-sectional or case-control studies that provided data on the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. We excluded case reports, case series, cohort studies, or studies outside Indonesia. We computed point prevalence by dividing the number of children with hypovitaminosis D by the total number of subjects in that study. This review was registered with PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews) (CRD42022329814). Results: Of 1,397 manuscripts identified, 7 were included in this review. A total of 5,870 children were included in this meta-analysis, ranging in age from 6 months to 19 years. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in Indonesia was calculated as 33% (95% confidence interval [CI], 9–56) and was higher in females (60% [95% CI, 58–62]) than in males (40% [95% CI, 38–42]). Mean serum vitamin D level was 22.74 ng/mL (95% CI, 16.95–30.51) with a prediction interval of 15.96 ng/mL to 29.52 ng/mL. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency is a public health emergency in Indonesia. Strategies to detect and treat vitamin D deficiency in Indonesian children and adolescents should be implemented immediately.

Clinical, ophthalmological, and pathological findings of hypovitaminosis A in cattle

Yoon, Soon-Seek,Jeong, Soon-Wuk,Seo, Kang-Moon,Kim, Jae-Hoon,Jean, Young-Hwa,Hwang, Eui-Kyung,Chung, Gab-Soo,Han, Hong-Ryul Korean Society of Veterinary Pathology 2003 한국수의병리학회지 Vol.7 No.1

From February to September in 1996, a lot of blind cattle were reported in Dangjin Area of Chungnam Province. Blindness were observed in the 143 calves of the 1,496 calves from 79 farms. Blind cattle were found only in the farms where green pasture was not fed. After administration of vitamin A as the type of feed additives and parenteral injection, the blindness cases were not occurred in those farms. Both pupils were totally dilated with the absence of pupillary light reflex in all blind cattle. In the ophthalmoscopic examination, the fundus revealed multi focal linear white mottling which was more severe in nontapetal fundus than tapetal fundus. Serum vitamin A concentration was as low as 4.1 ,$\mu\textrm{g}$/dl in the calves of the affected farms. Narrowing of optic foramen, retinal degeneration and optic disc atrophy were shown in pathological findings.

Clinical, ophthalmological, and pathological findings of hypovitaminosis A in cattle

( Soon Seek Yoon ),( Soon Wuk Jeong ),( Kang Moon Seo ),( Jae Hoon Kim ),( Young Hwa Jean ),( Eui Kyung Hwang ),( Gab Soo Chung ),( Hong Ryul Han ) 한국수의병리학회 2003 한국수의병리학회지 Vol.7 No.1

Effects of sun exposure and dietary vitamin D intake on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status in hemodialysis patients

Yeon Joo Lee,Il Hwan Oh,Hee Jun Baek,Chang Hwa Lee,Sang Sun Lee 한국영양학회 2015 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.9 No.2

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Vitamin D deficiency is common in hemodialysis patients. The aim of this study was to identify whether or not sun exposure and dietary vitamin D intake have effects on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status in hemodialysis (HD) patients. The objective was to identify the main determinants of serum vitamin D status in the study subjects. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 47 HD patients (19 males and 28 females) was performed. We assessed serum 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D levels between August and September 2012 and analyzed the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in HD patients. To evaluate the determinants of serum 25(OH)D levels, we surveyed dietary vitamin D intake, degree of sun exposure, and outdoor activities. To compare biological variables, serum 25(OH)D was stratified as below 15 ng/ml or above 15 ng/ml. RESULTS: Mean 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D levels were 13.5 ± 5.8 ng/ml and 20.6 ± 11.8 pg/ml, respectively. The proportions of serum 25(OH)D deficiency (< 15 ng/ml), insufficiency (15-< 30 ng/ml), and sufficiency (≥ 30 ng/ml) in subjects were 72.4%, 23.4%, and 4.3%, respectively. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in female patients was 78.6%, whereas that in males was 63.2% (P = 0.046). Vitamin D intake and sun exposure time were not significantly different between the two stratified serum 25(OH)D levels. Dietary intake of vitamin D did not contribute to increased serum 25(OH)D levels in HD patients. The main effective factors affecting serum 25(OH)D status were found to be the sun exposure and active outdoor exercise. CONCLUSIONS: Hypovitaminosis D is common in HD patients and is higher in females than in males. Sun exposure is the most important determinant of serum 25(OH)D status in HD patients.

한국 소아청소년의 비타민 D 부족과 결핍 유병률: 성별, 연령, 계절 및 지역에 따른 분석

이안나,김세휘,남정모,김영진,주수호,이경률 대한진단검사의학회 2016 Laboratory Medicine Online Vol.6 No.2

Background: The objective of this study was to assess the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) status and evaluate the associated factors in a Korean pediatric population aged 0-18 yr. Methods: Serum 25OHD levels were retrospectively analyzed in 13,236 Korean children and adolescents. 25OHD tests by chemiluminescent immunoassay were requested from 332 medical institutions nationwide in Korea between January 2014 and December 2014. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and insufficiency (VDI) and the associated factors were analyzed. VDD and VDI were defined as serum 25OHD levels of <20.0 ng/mL and 20.0-29.9 ng/mL, respectively. Results: The 25OHD levels negatively correlated with age (r=-0.4033, P<0.001). Overall, 79.8% boys and 83.8% girls had hypovitaminosis D (VDI or VDD). The Odds ratios (ORs) of being in the VDD/VDI category as against the reference category of VDS (vitamin D sufficiency) were as follows: increase in age by 1 yr (OR=1.42/1.25, all P<0.001); girls (OR=1.32/1.16, P<0.001/P=0.004) compared to boys, spring (OR=1.61/1.80), fall (OR=1.31/1.28), and winter (OR=1.44/2.03, all P<0.001) compared to summer season; living in urban areas (OR=1.23, P<0.001) compared to rural areas. Conclusions: VDD and VDI are highly prevalent in children and adolescents in Korea. Serum 25OHD levels decreased significantly according to increasing age. Winter and spring seasons, increasing age, female sex, and living in urban areas are the factors associated with a high risk of VDD or VDI. 배경: 전국에서 의뢰된 0-18세 연령의 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) 결과를 분석하여 한국 소아청소년의 비타민 D 상태를 평가하고 관련된 요인들을 분석하고자 하였다. 방법: 저자들은 2014년 1-12월 사이에 전국 각 지역의 332개 의료기관으로부터 (재)서울의과학연구소에 화학발광면역분석법(chemiluminescent immunoassay, CLIA)으로 의뢰된 소아청소년(평균 연령: 5.2±4.8세) 13,236명의 25OHD 결과를 후향적으로 분석하였다. 성별, 연령 그룹, 계절 및 지역에 따른 비타민 D 결핍률/부족률을 구하고, 비타민 D 결핍/부족에 대한 요인을 분석하였다. 비타민 D 결핍은 20 ng/mL 미만, 부족은 20.0-29.9 ng/mL, 충분은 30.0 ng/mL 이상으로 정의하였다. 결과: 각 연령군에서 25OHD 농도는 다음과 같았다: <7세, 24.2±9.2 ng/mL; 7-12세, 19.0±5.9 ng/mL; 13-15세, 16.0±6.8 ng/Ml; 16-18세, 15.0±7.3 ng/mL (P<0.001). 25OHD 농도는 연령 증가에 따라 감소하는 경향을 보였고(Spearman 순위상관계수 -0.4033, P<0.001), 비타민 D 결핍률/부족률이 연령 증가에 따라 증가하였다. 전체적으로 남아의 79.8%, 여아의 83.8%가 저비타민증 D에 해당하였다. 비타민 D ‘충분’에 비하여 결핍/부족일 교차비(odds ratio, OR)는 다음과 같았다: 연령 1세 증가 시 1.42/1.25배(all P<0.001); 남아에 비하여 여아일 경우 1.32/1.16배(P<0.001/P=0.004); 여름에 비하여 봄에 1.61/1.80배, 가을에 1.31/1.28배, 겨울에 1.44/2.03배 (all P<0.001); 비 도시에 비하여 도시 지역일 경우 결핍일 교차비가 1.23배(P<0.001)였다. 결론: 한국 소아청소년에서 비타민 D 결핍과 부족률은 매우 높으며, 25OHD 농도는 연령 증가에 따라 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 겨울 및 봄철, 연령 증가, 여아, 도시 지역 거주와 같은 요인이 비타민 D 결핍 및 부족에 대한 위험도 증가와 관련된 것으로 분석되었다. 한국 소아청소년의 비타민 D 상태의 보다 정확한 평가가 필요하며, 비타민 D 상태를 향상시키기 위한 제반 노력이 요구된다.

Association between serum vitamin D status and uterine leiomyomas: a case-control study

Chukwuemeka Chukwubuikem Okoro,Okechukwu Christian Ikpeze,George Uchenna Eleje,Gerald Okanandu Udigwe,Chukwuemeka Okwudili Ezeama,Joseph Odirichukwu Ugboaja,Chukwunonso Isaiah Enechukwu,Osita Samuel U 대한산부인과학회 2024 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.67 No.1

Objective Uterine leiomyoma is a common gynecological condition that negatively affects women’s quality of life. Vitamin D plays an important role in tumor development and progression. However, clinical studies comparing serum vitamin D levels between women with and without uterine leiomyomas are limited and inconclusive. This study aimed to compare serum vitamin D levels in women with and without uterine leiomyomas. Methods This hospital-based case-control study included 150 women who visited a gynecological clinic. The cases included 75 women with uterine leiomyoma, whereas the controls included 75 age-and parity-matched participants without uterine leiomyoma. Serum vitamin D levels were measured in each participant and volumes of the uterine leiomyomas were determined using the water displacement method following myomectomy. The statistical significance was inferred at P<0.05. Results The mean serum vitamin D level was 15.26±4.96 ng/mL and 22.45±6.93 ng/mL for the case and control groups, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (t-value -7.302 and P<0.001). Within the fibroid group, nine (12.0%), 49 (65.33%), and 17 (22.67%) participants had vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency, and sufficiency, respectively; and in the control group, two (2.67%), 24 (45.33%), and 39 (52.0%) participants had vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency, and sufficiency, respectively. There was significant negative correlation between the fibroid volume and the serum vitamin D level (r=-0.591, P<0.001). Conclusion Women with uterine leiomyoma had lower vitamin D levels than women in the control group. Lower vitamin D levels were associated with larger fibroid masses. Therefore, vitamin D supplementation may reduce fibroid growth and development.