Classification of Halophyte Community Growth and Its Relationship with Soil Chemical Properties in Saemanguem Reclaimed Land

김창환,Myoung-Ho Shin,김민균 한국응용생명화학회 2012 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.55 No.5

Halophyte communities have been established to reduce dust from the Saemangeum reclaimed land. Growth of large-scale artificial halophyte communities was assessed, and the relationship between halophyte community growth and soil chemical properties was examined through three-year halophyte monitoring and soil analysis. Halophyte community growth was classified in 230 quadrats from 2006 to 2008, and the statistical significance between halophyte community growth and soil chemical properties was determined by Duncan’s multiple range test. Overall, the yearly percentage of Class1 and Class 2 quadrats increased from 40% in 2006 to 87% in 2008. Over 90% of the 29 common quadrats consecutively surveyed for three years belonged to Class 1 or Class 2. Soil electrical conductivity (EC) decreased from 3.3dSm−1 in 2006 to 2.0 dSm−1 in 2008. Available phosphate content increased from 28 mg kg−1 in 2007 to 115 mg kg−1 in 2008. Among soil properties, soil EC had a significantly negative relationship with halophyte community growth. A significant relationship was also observed between halophytic height and soil EC (R2=0.95). These results indicate that halophyte community growth could be classified into five classes based on plant height and coverage closely related to soil EC in the reclaimed land.

Classification of Halophyte Community Growth and Its Relationship with Soil Chemical Properties in Saemanguem Reclaimed Land

Shin, Myoung-Ho,Kim, Chang-Hwan,Kim, Min-Kyun 한국응용생명화학회 2012 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.55 No.5

Halophyte communities have been established to reduce dust from the Saemangeum reclaimed land. Growth of large-scale artificial halophyte communities was assessed, and the relationship between halophyte community growth and soil chemical properties was examined through three-year halophyte monitoring and soil analysis. Halophyte community growth was classified in 230 quadrats from 2006 to 2008, and the statistical significance between halophyte community growth and soil chemical properties was determined by Duncan's multiple range test. Overall, the yearly percentage of Class1 and Class 2 quadrats increased from 40% in 2006 to 87% in 2008. Over 90% of the 29 common quadrats consecutively surveyed for three years belonged to Class 1 or Class 2. Soil electrical conductivity (EC) decreased from 3.3 $dSm^{-1}$ in 2006 to 2.0 $dSm^{-1}$ in 2008. Available phosphate content increased from 28 mg $kg^{-1}$ in 2007 to 115 mg $kg^{-1}$ in 2008. Among soil properties, soil EC had a significantly negative relationship with halophyte community growth. A significant relationship was also observed between halophytic height and soil EC ($R^2$=0.95). These results indicate that halophyte community growth could be classified into five classes based on plant height and coverage closely related to soil EC in the reclaimed land.

Effects of Salt Treatment on Seed Germination and Plant Growth of Korean Native Apocynum lancifolium Russanov

김조훈,박예근,안승원,백정애,박동진 한국환경과학회 2021 한국환경과학회지 Vol.30 No.11

This research was carried out to investigate seed germination and growth of the perennial plant Apocynum lancifolium under different NaCl concentrations, with a view for future cultivation on reclaimed land. Initial characterization revealed that the average length and weight of A. lancifolium seed pods was 133.6 mm and 0.23 g, respectively, and the thousand-grain weight was 0.59 g. Upon examining the effects of light on seed germination, we found germination to be 1.7% higher under light conditions (90%) than under dark conditions (88.3%). In terms of the response to salt stress, we found that 90% of seeds germinated in the 0.00%, 0.25%, and 0.50% salt treatment groups. Although salt treatment up to a concentration of 0.5% was found to have little effect on seed germination, the rate of germination decreased at higher concentrations and was completely inhibited in the 2% treatment. We also established that germination rates were higher in seeds sown in horticultural topsoil than in the coarse sandy soil found in the plant’s natural habitats. Although the growth of A. lancifolium tends to decrease with an increase in salt concentration, we found that the stem thickness, fresh weight, and dry weight of A. lancifolium seedlings subjected to 0.25%–1.0% salt were comparable to those of the control seedling that were not exposed to salt. Furthermore, in contrast to those plants subjected to 2.0% salt, these plants continued to grow and remained viable.

Feasibility of seed bank for restoration of salt marsh: a case study around the Gwangyang Bay, southern Korea

Lee, Seon-Mi,Cho, Yong-Chan,Lee, Chang-Seok The Ecological Society of Korea 2012 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.35 No.2

Salt marsh is an important transitional zone among terrestrial, riverine, and marine ecosystems and is a productive habitat that interacts extensively with adjacent landscape elements of estuarine and coastal ecosystems. Nowadays, in addition to various human activities, a variety of natural processes induce changes in salt marshes. This study aims to provide background information to restore disturbed salt marshes and to propose their ecological restoration using seed banks. The study area is a prepared area for the Gwangyang Container Port located in the southern Korea. This area was formed by accumulating mud soils dredged from the bottom of the forward sea. This land was created in a serial process of preparing the Gwangyang container port and the salt marsh was passively restored by seeds buried in mud soil dredged from seabed. As a result of stand ordination based on vegetation data collected from the land, stands were arranged according to tolerance to salinity in the order of $Suaeda$ $maritima$, $Salicornia$ $europaea$, and $Phragmites$ $communis$ communities on the Axis 1. Landscape structure of the projected area was analyzed as well. Edges of the projected area were divided from the marginal waterway by the dike. Four types of vegetation appeared on the dike: $Alnus$ $firma$ plantation, $Robinia$ $pseudoacacia$ plantation, $Lespedeza$ $cyrtobotrya$ plantation, and grassland. In the more internal areas, two types of vegetation sequences appeared: $Aster$ $tripolium$ community-$Suaeda$ $glauca$ community-$Salicornia$ $europaea$ community sequence and $Aster$ $tripolium$ community-$Suaeda$ $maritima$ community-$S.$ $europaea$ community sequence. Mixed community showed the highest species diversity (H' = 0.86) and $S.$ $europaea$ community showed the lowest (H' = 0.0). Evenness is the highest in Mixed community (J' = 2.26) and the lowest in $S.$ $maritime-S.$ $europaea$ community (J' = 0.0). Several plant communities were successfully established on the land created by mud soil dredged from the bottom of Gwangyang Bay. Moreover, community diversity in this area approached a similar level with those from other studies involving natural salt marshes. Therefore, restoration effect based on community diversity obtained in our study can be evaluated as a successful achievement. In this respect, although most salt marshes in Korea and other places worldwide have been destroyed or disturbed by excessive land use, feasibility of seed bank as a restoration tool is greatly expected.

Feasibility of seed bank for restoration of salt marsh: a case study around the Gwangyang Bay, southern Korea

이선미,이창석,조용찬 한국생태학회 2012 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.35 No.2

Salt marsh is an important transitional zone among terrestrial, riverine, and marine ecosystems and is a productive habitat that interacts extensively with adjacent landscape elements of estuarine and coastal ecosystems. Nowadays, in addition to various human activities, a variety of natural processes induce changes in salt marshes. This study aims to provide background information to restore disturbed salt marshes and to propose their ecological restoration using seed banks. The study area is a prepared area for the Gwangyang Container Port located in the southern Korea. This area was formed by accumulating mud soils dredged from the bottom of the forward sea. This land was created in a serial process of preparing the Gwangyang container port and the salt marsh was passively restored by seeds buried in mud soil dredged from seabed. As a result of stand ordination based on vegetation data collected from the land, stands were arranged according to tolerance to salinity in the order of Suaeda maritima, Salicornia europaea, and Phragmites communis communities on the Axis 1. Landscape structure of the projected area was analyzed as well. Edges of the projected area were divided from the marginal waterway by the dike. Four types of vegetation appeared on the dike: Alnus firma plantation, Robinia pseudoacacia plantation, Lespedeza cyrtobotrya plantation, and grassland. In the more internal areas, two types of vegetation sequences appeared: Aster tripolium community-Suaeda glauca community-Salicornia europaea community sequence and Aster tripolium community-Suaeda maritima community-S. europaea community sequence. Mixed community showed the highest species diversity (H′ = 0.86) and S. europaea community showed the lowest (H′ = 0.0). Evenness is the highest in Mixed community (J′ = 2.26) and the lowest in S. maritime-S. europaea community (J′ = 0.0). Several plant communities were successfully established on the land created by mud soil dredged from the bottom of Gwangyang Bay. Moreover, community diversity in this area approached a similar level with those from other studies involving natural salt marshes. Therefore, restoration effect based on community diversity obtained in our study can be evaluated as a successful achievement. In this respect, although most salt marshes in Korea and other places worldwide have been destroyed or disturbed by excessive land use, feasibility of seed bank as a restoration tool is greatly expected.