Effects of isoflavone supplementation on the bone mineral density of growing female rats

Hyun-Ju Jo,Mi-Ja Choi 대한지역사회영양학회 2008 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.2 No.2

This study was focused on whether or not isoflavones affect the increase in bone mineral density of growing females. Female Sprague-Dawley rats (60 ± 5 g) were randomly assigned to two groups and provided control diets (control group) or isoflavone-supplemented diet (IF group, 57.8 mg isoflavones/100 g diet) for 9 weeks in growing female rats. Measurements of Bone Mineral Density (BMD) and Bone Mineral Content (BMC) on the experimental animals were executed in the 3<SUP>rd</SUP>, 6<SUP>th</SUP>, 9<SUP>th</SUP> weeks. In result, there was no significant difference in spine BMD between the isoflavones supplemented group and the control group. But, the IF group tended to have higher BMD than the control group in between 3 and 9 experimental weeks, and the striking difference could be shown in the 6<SUP>th</SUP> week of feeding. In case of femur BMD, the effects of added isoflavones appeared in the 6<SUP>th</SUP> week of feeding, and it became intensified in the 9<SUP>th</SUP> week of feeding to the extent that the BMD in the IF group was significantly higher than that of the control group (p<0.05). In conclusion, isoflavone supplementation increased spine BMD per weight in the 6<SUP>th</SUP> week of feeding, and affected the increase of femur BMD in the 9<SUP>th</SUP> week. The result of the experiment implies that it affects positively the formation of spine and femur BMD of growing female rats. The study also suggests that the effects of isoflavone on the pattern of BMD formation might differ from the parts of bones.

성장기 쥐에서 isoflavone 섭취와 운동이 혈 중 지질에 미치는 영향

정지원 ( Ji Won Jung ),최미자 ( Mi Ja Choi ) 한국운동영양학회 2004 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.8 No.2

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of isoflavone and exercise on blood lipids in growing rats. Twenty female, Sprague-Dawley female rats (age 28 days) were assigned to four groups, that underwent 9 weeks of experimental treatment. Animals were assigned to one of two exercise treatments (swimming or sedentary). The exercise and nonexercise group were fed a diet containing casein or casein with isoflavone. The exercise group swam 30 minutes three days per week during the 9-week study period. All rats were fed on experimental diet and deionized water ad libitum for 9 weeks. Serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol levels were not significantly altered with exercise nor isoflavones consumption. However, a trend toward lowered cholesterol level was observed after exercise or isoflavone consumption, but results did not attain statistical significance. Although the effects were small, it is possible that isoflavone may contribute to a lower risk of coronary heart disease if consumed over many years in conjunction with exercise. And the exercise group appears to have a significantly lower triglyceride compared to nonexercise group. And exercise combined with isoflavone group had significantly lower triglyceride compared to exercise with casein group. The results indicate that exercise combined with isoflavone had a positive influence on blood triglyceride. It can be concluded that exercise combined with an isoflavone is most beneficial for control blood triglyceride in young growing rats.

성장기 암컷 쥐에서 Arginine 첨가가 골밀도에 미치는 영향

최미자(Choi Mi-Ja) 韓國營養學會 2007 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.40 No.3

The aim of this study was to define an arginine effect when added to a diet. The influence of arginine supplements on bone mineral density and content were studied in young female Sprague-Dawley rats fed either an arginine supplemented diet or control diet. Twenty four rats (body weight 83 ± 5 g) were randomly assigned to one of two groups, consuming casein or casein with supplemented arginine diet. All rats were fed on experimental diet and deionized water ad libitum for 9 weeks. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) were measured using PlXImus (GE Lunar Co, Wisconsin, USA) in spine and femur 3, 6, and 9 weeks after feeding. The serum and urine concentrations of Ca and P were determined. Diet did not affect weight gain and mean food intake. The serum concentration of Ca and P were not changed by arginine supplementation. Urinary Ca excretion was significantly decreased by arginine supplementation. Spine BMO was significantly increased by arginine supplementation on 3 and 6 weeks after feeding. Femur BMD was significantly increased in the group of arginine supplementation on 3, 6, and 9 weeks. Rats fed the arginine-supplemented diet had better bone mineral content than did control diet rats in the experimental period. Therefore, arginine supplementation may be beneficial on spine and femur BMD increment in growing female rats. These are thought to be associated with an arginine-induced growth hormone release. The exact mechanism of this effect remains to be elucidated. (Korean J Nutr 2007; 40(3): 235~241)

Effect of Exercise and Calcium Supplementation on Bone Mineral Density and Bone Mineral Content in Growing Female Rats

Park, Mi-Ja The Korean Society of Community Nutrition 2002 Journal of community nutrition Vol.4 No.3

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of dietary calcium supplementation and exercise on bone mineral density and bone mineral content of growing female rats. The exercise and control group were fed a diet containing 0.5% calcium and Ca supplementation group were fed a diet containing 1.0% calcium diet. The exercise group ran on a rodent treadmill (speed of 15m/min for 30 min) three days per week during the 3-week study period. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) of spine and femur were determined by using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (FIXI-mus, GE Lunar Radiation Cooperation, Madison, WI, USA). The exercise group had significantly greater (6.25%) spine BMD compared to the nonexercise group and the exercise group had but not significantly greater spine BMC (7.1%) compared to nonexercisers. Femur BMD and BMC divided by the rats final body weight appears to have a higher BMD (7.5%) and BMC (4.5%) in the exercise group, which indicates that exercise had a positive influence on femur bone mineral density and bone mineral content. The supplementation of calcium did not significantly affect spine and femoral BMC and BMD for the 3 weeks experimental period. It can be concluded that when calcium intake meets the recommended, exercise is beneficial for acquisition of spine bone mineral density in young growing female rats. (J Community Nutrition 4(3) : 195∼201, 2002)

Effects of Soy Isoflavones on Lipid Profiles and Hepatic LDL Receptor mRNA Level in Growing Female Rats

Jo, Hyun-Ju,Choi, Mi-Ja,Yoo, Min The Korean Nutrition Society 2006 Nutritional Sciences Vol.9 No.2

The present study examined the effect of soy isoflavones on lipid metabolism in growing female rats. Rats were randomly assigned to three different groups and provided experimental diets for 9 weeks. The experimental groups were classified into 1) a control group, 2) a soy protein isolate group: soy (+)) group and 3) a soy protein concentration group: soy (-)) group. Diets contained either casein or one of two soy proteins with (soy (+)) or without isoflavones (soy (-)). Serum triglyceride concentration showed no significant differences among the experimental groups. Serum total cholesterol concentration was significantly lower in both the soy (+) and soy (-) groups than in the control group and LDL-cholesterol concentration was significantly lower in the soy (+). Serum HDL-cholesterol concentration was significantly higher in the control group than in the soy protein groups but the HDL-cholesterol share rate in total cholesterol tended to be lower in the control group than in the soy protein groups, insignificant as it was. Hepatic IDL receptor mRNA level was significantly increased in the soy (+) group when compared to the other two groups to be 20% higher than the control group. In conclusion, soy protein isolate, soy protein rich with isoflavones reduced serum total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentration and increased hepatic IDL receptor mRNA expression in growing female rats. Therefore, it is considered that the intake of soy isoflvones during puberty can be advantageous in terms of the long-tenn control of serum lipid.

성장기 쥐에서 이소플라본 첨가수준이 골밀도 및 골함량에 미치는 영향

최미자,정윤정 啓明大學校 生活科學硏究所 2005 科學論集 Vol.31 No.-

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of isoflavones supplementation on bone mineral density and bone mineral content in growing female Sprague-Dawley rats. Twenty-seven rats were divided into three groups casein diet, casein+1/2IF(1.7 mg isoflavones/g protein)diet, and casein+IF(3.4mg isoflavones/g protein) diet. All rats has been fed on experimental diet and deionized water ad libitum for 9 weeks. Bone mineral density(BMD) and bone mineral content(BMC) were measured using PIXImus(GE Lunar Co, Wisconsin, USA.) in spine and femur on 9 weeks after feeding. Diet did not affect weight gain and mean food intake. Food efficiency ratio was lower in casein +IF groups. The casein+IF and casein+1/2IF group had significantly higher spine and femur bone mineral density than the casein group. We found that bone mineral density effected by isoflavones supplementation has been resulted differently in accordance with the type of bone. Therefore, isoflavones supplementation may be beneficial on spine and femur BMD increasement in growing female rats.

Effects of Soy Isoflavones on Lipid Profiles and Hepatic LDL Receptor mRNA Level in Growing Female Rats

Hyun Ju Jo,Mi Ja Choi,Min Yoo 한국영양학회 2006 Nutritional Sciences Vol.9 No.2

The present study examined the effect of soy isoflavones on lipid metabolism in growing female rats. Rats were randomly assigned to three different groups and provided experimental diets tor 9 weeks. The experimental groups were classified into 1) a control group, 2) a soy protein isolate group: soy (+)) group and 3) a soy protein concentration group: soy (-)) group. Diets contained either casein or one of two soy proteins with (soy (+)) or without isoflavones (soy (-)). Serum triglyceride concentration showed no significant differences among the experimental groups. Serum total cholesterol concentration was significantly lower in both the soy (+) and soy (-) groups than in the control group and LDL-cholesterol concentration was significantly lower in the soy (+). Serum HDL-cholesterol concentration was significantly higher in the control group than in the soy protein groups but the HDL-cholesterol share rate in total cholesterol tended to be lower in the control group than in the soy protein groups, insignificant as it was. Hepatic LDL receptor mRNA level was significantly increased in the soy (+) group when compared to the other two groups to be 20% higher than the control group. In conclusion, soy protein isolate, soy protein rich with isoflavones reduced serum total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentration and increased hepatic LDL receptor mRNA expression in growing female rats. Therefore, it is considered that the intake of soy isoflvones during puberty can be advantageous in terms of the long-term control of serum lipid.

성장기 암컷 쥐에서 Arginine 첨가 식이가 골 대사 지표 및 호르몬에 미치는 영향

최미자(Choi Mi-Ja) 韓國營養學會 2007 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.40 No.4

An important related question is whether arginine has influence bone metabolism. The effect of arginine supplements on bone markers and related hormones were studied in young female Sprague-Dawley rats fed either an arginine supplemented diet or control diet. Twenty four rats (body weight 83±5 g) were randomly assigned to one of two groups, consuming casein or casein with supplemented arginine diet. All rats were fed on experimental diet and deionized water ad libitum for 9 weeks. Bone formation was measured by serum osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) concentrations. And bone resorption rate was measured by deoxypyridinoline (DPD) crosslinks immunoassay and corrected for creatinine. Serum osteocalcin, growth hormone, estrogen, insulin-like growth factor-1 (1GF-1), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin were analyzed using radioimmunoassay kits. The weight gain and mean food intake were not affected regardless of diets. The rats fed arginine-supplemented diet had not significantly different in ALP, osteocalcin, crosslinks value, PTH, estradiol, and IGF-1 compared to those fed casein diet group. The arginine-supplemented group had significantly higher growth hormone and calcitonin than casein group. This study suggests that arginine is beneficial for bone formation in growing female rats. Therefore exposure to diet which rich in arginine early in life may have benefits for bone formation and osteoporosis prevention. (Korean J Nutr 2007; 40(4): 320~326)

이소플라본 섭취수준이 성장기 암컷 쥐의 골대사지표 및 골대사관련호르몬에 미치는 영향

최미자(Choi Mi-Ja),정윤정(Jung Yun-Jung) 韓國營養學會 2008 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.41 No.3

성장기 암컷 쥐를 대상으로 이소플라본 섭취수준에 따라 골대사 지표 및 골대사 관련 호르몬에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 실시한 연구 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 체중증가량과 식이섭취량, 식이효율은 이소플라본의 섭취수준에 따라 실험군간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 2) 골형성 지표인 혈청 ALP, osteocalcin은 이소플라본 섭취수준에 따라 실험군간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 3) 골흡수 지표인 DPD crosslik value도 이소플라본 섭취수준에 따라 실험군간에 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 4) 혈청 에스트로겐 농도, 부갑상선 호르몬과 인슐린유사 성장인자-I 농도는 이소플라본 섭취수준에 따라 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 5) 칼시토닌농도는 1IF군과 1/2IF군 모두 대조군보다 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. 6) 성장 호르몬 농도는 이소플라본 섭취수준이 높은 IF군이 대조군보다 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. 이상의 결과에서 이소플라본 섭취수준에 따라서 1/2IF군 보다 1IF군이 골형성과 골흡수에 유리한 경향을 나타내었고 칼시토닌과 성장호르몬이 유의적으로 증가하어 장기적으로는 골대사에 더 유리한 영향을 미칠 것으로 사료된다. The overall purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of level of isoflavones supplementation on bone metabolism in growing female rats. Forty-five rats divided into three groups; Control, 1/2IF, and 1IF. Serum osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, urinary deoxypyridinoline (DPD) crosslinks value were measured to monitor bone formation and resorption at the ninth week after feeding. Hormones related to bone metabolism were determined, included parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin, estradiol, growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor Ⅰ (IGF-I). The results of this study were as follows: the isoflavones intake level did not affect weight gain, mean food intake and food efficiency ratio. The serum concentration of osteocalcin and the activity of ALP were not significantly different by different levels of isoflavones supplementation. The urinary DPD crosslinks value was not significantly different by different levels ofisoflavones supplementation. There were no significant differences in serum PTH, estradiol and IGF-I among all groups. However, calcitonin was shown significantly higher in the groups of \IF and 1/2IF than control group. And growth hormone was shown significantly higher in the groups of 1IF than control group. (Korean J Nutr 2008; 41(3): 199~205)

유당의 첨가가 성장기 암컷 흰쥐에서 골함량과 골밀도에 미치는 영향

최미자,조현주 啓明大學校 生活科學硏究所 2002 科學論集 Vol.- No.-

The effects of dietary lactose supplementation on bone mineral density and bone mineral content in growing rats are uncharacterized. We studied growing female rats fed a diet either control of supplemented with lactose for 9 weeks. The animal was scanned to determine the BMD and BMC using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (FIXImus, GE Lunar Corporation, Madison, WI). Food intake and FER were not affected by loctose supplementation. But the lactose group had significantly higher spine bone mineral density(0.1517±0.0034(g/㎠) vs 0.1626±0.0095(g/㎠)) and spine bone mineral density/weight than the control group. And femur bone mineral density/weight as well as femur bone mineral content/weight were higher in the lactose supplemented group. These data suggest that lactose supplementation may be a useful way in growing children in which there is a desire to increase bone mineral density.