초등학생 소집단 활동에서 성별 구성에 따른 언어적 상호작용 유형과 안정성 분석

임수민,양가인,김영신 한국초등과학교육학회 2020 초등과학교육 Vol.39 No.3

To achieve effective learning, knowledge must be shared and developed through interaction with peer learners. Therefore, science education emphasizes small group inquiry activities that solves tasks through the interaction of members. The effect of small group inquiry activities depends on how to compose small groups. The way in which a group is composed is a very important factor for improving interaction. In particular, it has been reported that the gender of peer is a very important factor in the interaction between students in the composition of small groups. Meanwhile, studies are being conducted on the types and stability of verbal interactions in small group inquiry activities using social network analysis. The purpose of this study is to analyze the types and stability of verbal interaction types and stability according to gender-grouping in elementary school students' small group activities using social network analysis. To this end, 60 5th graders in elementary school were conducted with different gender in the composition of the group of male, female and mixed-gender students. The study found that the composition of a group by gender had little impact on the type or stability of verbal interaction. However, the frequency of verbal interactions was higher in mixed-gender groups than in other groups. Through this process, the gender-grouping in elementary school students’ small group activities suggests a mixed-gender group.

한발 착지 시 수직지면반력과 동적자세안정성의 성별 차이: 양측 다리 간 불균형

류재청 ( Ryew Che-cheong ),현승현 ( Hyun Seung-hyun ) 제주대학교 체육진흥센터 2019 체육과학연구 Vol.25 No.0

Rapid impulse loaded may be transferred to the lower extremity from ground contact in a condition that landing from a jump may be decreased the dynamic postural stability in female. The purpose of this study was to investigate the gender’s difference in dynamic postural stability and peak vertical force during single leg landing. A total of twelve subjects(male n=6, range: age 20~22 years, heights 166.23~177.10 cm, weights 58.61~86.51 kg, female n=6, range: age 19~21 years, heights 156.90~169.21 cm, weights 48.61~72.91 kg) participated in this study. The peak vertical force and dynamic postural stability index(medial-lateral, anterior-posterior, and vertical stability index) were determined by time-function and frequency domain during drop landing. A mixed model(2 gender×2 landing legs) of repeated measures design was used to determine the effects of gender and limb dominance on dynamic postural stability and peak vertical force. The peak vertical force in female group showed significant difference statistically with more higher force than that of male group. Also, MLSI, VSI, and DPSI in male group showed significant difference statistically with more decreased than that of female group. VSI in right leg showed significant difference statistically with more decreased than that of left leg. The results indicate that females have higher dynamic postural stability scores in the vertical and medial-lateral direction as well as the composite score. This suggests that female used different dynamic postural stability and shock absorption strategies in contrast to male.

Gender Diversity and Financial Stability: Evidence from Malaysian Listed Firms

AL-ABSY, Mujeeb Saif Mohsen,ALMAAMARI, Qais,ALKADASH, Tamer,HABTOOR, Ammar Korea Distribution Science Association 2020 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.7 No.12

This study examines the relationship between gender diversity (women on the board and women on the audit committee) and a firm's financial stability. The ordinary least square analysis was used to determine the relationship. To measure the financial stability of Malaysian suspect firms, i.e., firms with the lowest positive earnings, the Altman (1993) Z-Score measurement was utilized. The results indicate that women on the board are significantly and negatively associated with the firm's financial stability. That is, they are related to low financial stability, which contradicts the agency and resource dependence theories. Regarding women directors on the audit committee, there is no significant relationship with financial stability, meaning that they cannot protect the company against financial distress. These results are robust and do not change when using different measurements of gender diversity, one-year lag of independent variables, and other methods of analysis, namely random effect panel data. This study is the first to alert policymakers, stakeholders, researchers, and society in general to the need to re-evaluate and strengthen the role of women directors in improving firms' financial stability, particularly in emerging economies like Malaysia.

한발 착지 시 수직지면반력과 동적자세안정성의 성별 차이: 양측 다리 간 불균형

류재청 ( Ryew Che-cheong ),현승현 ( Hyun Seung-hyun ) 제주대학교 체육진흥센터(구 제주대학교 체육과학연구소) 2019 체육과학연구 Vol.25 No.-

Rapid impulse loaded may be transferred to the lower extremity from ground contact in a condition that landing from a jump may be decreased the dynamic postural stability in female. The purpose of this study was to investigate the gender’s difference in dynamic postural stability and peak vertical force during single leg landing. A total of twelve subjects(male n=6, range: age 20~22 years, heights 166.23~177.10 cm, weights 58.61~86.51 kg, female n=6, range: age 19~21 years, heights 156.90~169.21 cm, weights 48.61~72.91 kg) participated in this study. The peak vertical force and dynamic postural stability index(medial-lateral, anterior-posterior, and vertical stability index) were determined by time-function and frequency domain during drop landing. A mixed model(2 gender×2 landing legs) of repeated measures design was used to determine the effects of gender and limb dominance on dynamic postural stability and peak vertical force. The peak vertical force in female group showed significant difference statistically with more higher force than that of male group. Also, MLSI, VSI, and DPSI in male group showed significant difference statistically with more decreased than that of female group. VSI in right leg showed significant difference statistically with more decreased than that of left leg. The results indicate that females have higher dynamic postural stability scores in the vertical and medial-lateral direction as well as the composite score. This suggests that female used different dynamic postural stability and shock absorption strategies in contrast to male.

남성의 성평등 의식 예언을 위한 모형 통합:사회정체성이론과 계획된 행동이론을 중심으로

김금미,안상수 한국사회및성격심리학회 2008 한국심리학회지 사회 및 성격 Vol.22 No.4

한국 사회에서 남성의 성평등 행동의도를 향상시키기 위한 효율적인 방법을 제시하기 위하여 도덕적 책무(moral obligation)를 포함하여 수정한 계획된 행동이론과 사회정체성이론(Tajfel, 1982)의 통합 가능성을 검증하였다. 전국 20대 이상 남성 1,016명을 대상으로 조사를 실시한 결과, 인구통계학적 변인에 성별사회정체성을 추가하여 성평등 의식을 21.4% 설명하였고, 인구통계학적 변인에 지위, 합법성, 안정성의 사회구조 요인을 추가하여 성별사회정체성의 20.0%를 설명하였다. 또한 인구통계학적 변인에 성평등 의식(태도)과 주관적 규범, 행동 통제감, 도덕적 책무감을 추가하여 성평등 행동의도의 44.8%를 설명하였다. 이러한 통합 모형을 공변량 구조 분석으로 검증한 결과, 모형의 부합도 지수가 대체로 양호하여 본 연구에서 제안한 모형이 지지되었다. 이 연구결과는 남성의 성평등 행동을 예언하기 위해 사회심리학분야에서 지지 기반이 높은 두 이론의 통합을 시도함으로써, 성별집단 간 사회구조 요인의 지각에서부터 심리적 기제를 통하여 행동의도에 이르는 과정을 순차적으로 설명하는 데에 의의가 있다. 끝으로 모형 통합에 따른 추가 이슈들과 이 연구의 의의와 한계 및 앞으로 연구 과제를 논의하였다. The present study was conducted to (1) investigate the role of gender social identity in the prediction of gender equality attitude, (2) examine the effect of attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavior control, and moral obligation in explaining gender equality intention, and (3) propose and test the research model which integrate of social identity theory and theory of planned behavior in explaining gender equality action intention of Korean male adults. A nationwide sample of 1,016 Korean male adults participated in the survey. The results from stepwise regression analyses indicated that the gender equality attitude was explained 13.6% by gender social identity and gender social identity was explained 15.4% by status, legitimacy, stability. Gender equality action intention was explained 44.8% by variable of planned behavior theory. The results from the LISREL supported the research model proposed in this study with reasonable goodness of fit. Finally, the implications and limitations of the present study as well as the future directions of this area were discussed.

일자리 만족도 결정요인의 성별격차 분석

이인숙 한국사회복지정책학회 2010 사회복지정책 Vol.37 No.1

This paper is to find out the determinant factors of job satisfaction by analyzing the differences between genders about the effect of working condition to job satisfaction in Korea. The data of 4,216 paid-employed from the 9th Korean Labor and Income Panel has been used and individual characteristics, which can affect on job satisfaction, employment characteristics, working status, goodness of fitness and commitment in work, and social welfare benefit have been analyzed. First, women satisfied more than men in their job especially there were much differences in the types of work, working environment and time, and job stability. Second, women showed lower degree in social welfare benefit gained from employment. Third, goodness of fitness and commitment and social welfare benefit in work was the factors that affect most on job satisfaction. Each factors showed the differences between genders. Fourth, for men job stability affected much but for women it did not affect much even though their contingent work, day labor and poor working status. Summarily, we conclude that gender affects to job satisfaction with complex factors such as employment characteristics, social welfare benefit characteristics, working status etc. Therefore, there are much needs to develop women-friendly employment assurance policy, social welfare policy and services.

20대가 인지하는 신체이미지가 심리적 안정감에 미치는 영향

김민정(Min Jung Kim),이영아(Young A Lee) 한국인체미용예술학회 2018 한국인체미용예술학회지 Vol.19 No.2

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of physical image on the psychological stability of individuals in their 20s and gender differences therein. Body image was classified into appearance oriented, appearance evaluation, and body satisfaction factors. Psychological stability was classified into self-confidence in work appearance, psychological motivation, interpersonal relationship, and work confidence. The physical image showed the highest appearance orientation, and psychological stability showed the highest psychological motivation. In physical image, appearance orientation was influential regarding psychological insight. Appearance evaluation affected self-confidence in appearance and work confidence while body satisfaction affected self-confidence in appearance and interpersonal relationships. The effect of body satisfaction on psychological motivation, the influence of appearance orientation on self-confidence in the workplace, and the influence of appearance evaluation on work self-confidence differed between genders. Therefore, body image is an important factor in improving psychological stability and should be accessed differently according to gender.

베이비붐 세대의 사회경제적·심리적·관계적 특성이 결혼만족도 및 결혼안정성에 미치는 영향: 남녀차이를 중심으로

손정연 ( Son Jeong-yeon ),한경혜 ( Han Gyoung-hae ) 한국보건사회연구원 2014 保健社會硏究 Vol.34 No.4

The purpose of the study is to identify four types of marriage based on marital satisfaction and stability, and to examine the effects of socio-economic resources, psychological and relational traits on each type of marriage. Four types of marriage are characterized as satisfied-stable, dissatisfied-stable, satisfied-unstable, and dissatisfied-unstable. We surveyed 2,078 respondents born between 1955 and 1963. The major findings are as follows. First, women are less satisfied with their marital relationships and more likely to have given a serious thought about divorce than men. Second, there are gender differences in the effects of socio-economic resources on marital satisfaction and stability. Third, stable psychological state is an important factor for a satisfied and stable marriage for both men and women. Fourth, frequent communication has positive effects on marital satisfaction and stability of both men and women. Lastly, negative communication styles such as arguing or violent behavior have negative effects on marital satisfaction and stability of men. Whereas for women, the absence of communication with spouse have negative effects on marital satisfaction and stability. In conclusion, the relationships between socio-economic resources, psychological and relational traits, and each type of marriage display some gender differences as well as similarities.

Differences in VMO:VL Ratio by Squat Jump Type and Gender

정환종 한국인터넷방송통신학회 2025 International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting an Vol.17 No.1

We are designed to investigate gender-specific differences in muscle activation around the knee joint during squat jumps and single-leg squat jumps. The vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), biceps femoris, and semitendinosus muscle activities of 11 males and 9 females were measured using electromyography (EMG). Results revealed that males had significantly higher VM:VL and hamstring-to-quadriceps (H:Q) ratios than females across all conditions. Females exhibited reduced VM activation, as indicated by lower VM:VL ratios, and a greater reliance on quadriceps activation, as shown by lower H:Q ratios, particularly during single-leg squats. Anatomical factors, such as an increased Q-angle in females, contribute to muscle imbalances, compromising knee joint stability and increasing the risk of injuries like anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears. These findings highlight the need for targeted training, including hamstring strengthening and VM activation, for female athletes to improve knee stability and reduce injury risks. Future research should focus on long-term muscle activation patterns across diverse sports scenarios.

20대 남·여의 기능적 움직임 검사 점수와 호흡기능의 상관분석

이정욱 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 2022 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지 Vol.16 No.4

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between FMS scores and respiratory function in healthy volunteers. The study’s subjects were 97 students (33 men and 64 women) in their healthy volunteers at H University in Gwang-ju. The subjects were instructed to perform the seven FMS movement patterns three times using the FMS Test Kit, and during the movements, their front, back, and side were filmed. For respiratory function, parameters related to forced vital capacity (FVC) and maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV) were measured using a digital pulmonary function measuring device, and a three-minute break was given after each measurement. A gender-based comparison of the male group FMS scores showed statistically significant high scores in deep squat (DS), hurdle step (HS), trunk stability push-up (TSPU), and rotary stability (RS), and female group were statistically significant high scores in shoulder mobility (SM) and active straight leg raise (ASLR). A gender-based comparison of the subjects’ respiratory function showed that male group had statistically significant higher values in FVC, FEV1, PEF, and MVV than female group. Correlations between the FMS and respiratory function by gender, only the male group showed correlations between the FMS and FVC and FEV1. The male group showed correlations in DS (FVC, FEV1), IL (FEV1), ASLR (FVC, FEV1), and TSPU (FVC), and the female group showed correlations in TSPU (FVC, PEF, MVV). Summarizing the results of this study, it was found that the motion of TSPU was generally correlated with functional movement screen testing and respiratory function in men and women. Therefore, it is recommended to include TSPU motion in the exercise program to improve respiratory function.