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‘음란(외설)’ 시비의 이면: 『채털리부인의 연인』(판례)의 번역과 젠더/섹슈얼리티/계급 정치(1945-1979)
박지영 한국여성문학학회 2017 여성문학연구 Vol.42 No.-
This study examines Lady Chatterley’s Lover as a representative judicial precedent in obscenity sin trials, with a focus on translations of judicial precedents for obscenity sin in Western countries and Japan. This study aims to examine the gender/sexuality/class politics surrounding discourses on indecency/obscenity from post-Korean liberation until the Seventies . In the process, it was revealed that, unlike the convictions of translators and publishers over obscenity sin in the West and Japan in particular, the South Korean government did not ban the novel from being published, which awakened my critical mind. Such measures were taken not because the then-censorship situation was progressive, but rather because the political censorship situation was associated with the ongoing Cold War system and the authorities’ policy was to allow the people to read classic Western texts. In addition, the text was not properly translated but was rumored to be an obscene book that beautifies the description of a married woman’s love affair, giving authorities no reason to crack down on the publication of the novel. Judicial precedents over the obscenity sin of this text in the West and Japan significantly influenced South Korea’s awareness of obscenity sin and its actual trials, as well. As a result, the novel The Betrayer Slave (Banno) is regarded as an obscenity sin-related text, even though the novel was acquitted of the sin later. However, as the desires of Constance in Lady Chatterley’s Lover were translated neither properly nor rightly, trials in which massive court battles were staged against censorship of The Betrayer Slave (Banno) did not respect but rather ignored female sexual subjectivity. All this happened in post-colonized conservative South Korea, where productive discussions of erotism had not been had for many years. In addition, complicatedly involved therein are the rulers’ hierarchic class, perceptions of gender/sexuality, and pre-modern social awareness, such as regarding patriotic male-centered values. 본 연구는 『채털리부인의 연인』과 음란죄 재판의 대표적 판례인 이 텍스트를 대상으로 수행된 서구 및 일본의 음란죄 재판 판례의 번역을 통해서 해방 이후 70년대까지 수행된 불온/외설 담론의 젠더/섹슈얼리티/계급 정치에 대해서 살펴보는 것이 목적이다. 서구, 특히 일본에서 음란죄로 번역자와 출판인이 유죄판결을 받았던 예와 달리, 우리의 경우는 이 텍스트가 출판 금지 처분을 받지 않았다는 데 문제의식을 착안하였다. 그 과정에서 이러한 상황은 당대 검열 상황이 진보적이었기 때문이 아니라, 오히려 냉전 체제 하 경직된 정치 검열 상황과 서구 고전 텍스트를 읽히려는 당국의 독서 정책에서 나온 결과였다는 점을 밝혔다. 또한 이 텍스트가 작가의 의도대로 제대로 번역되지 않고 이미 유부녀의 불륜을 미화한 음란한 외설서로 풍문으로 인식된 까닭에 굳이 통제할 필요성을 못 느낀 것 때문이기도 하다. 그런데 이 텍스트에 대한 서구와 일본의 음란죄 관련 판례는 한국의 음란죄에 대한 인식은 물론 실제 재판에도 많은 영향을 끼친다. 그 결과 음란죄 대상 텍스트였던 소설 『반노』는 무죄선고를 받기에 이른다. 그러나 『채털리부인의 연인』에서 콘스턴스의 욕망이 제대로 가치있게 번역되지 못했던 것처럼, 검열과의 대대적인 싸움을 벌였던 『반노』 텍스트와 재판 과정에서도, 여성의 성적 주체성은 존중받지 못하고 무시되었다. 이 모두 오랫동안 에로티즘에 관한 생산적인 논의가 제대로 진행되지 못했던 탈식민 국가, 한국의 보수적인 상황에서 벌어진 일이다. 또한 여기에는 개발독재 체제 하 통치자들의 위계화된 계급, 젠더/섹슈얼리티, 가부장제적 남성 중심주의 등 전근대적인 사회 인식 등이 복합적으로 얽혀 있다.
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Gender Constancy and Genital Knowledge in Filipino Preschool Children
Marison R. Dy 환태평양유아교육연구학회 2007 Asia-Pacific journal of research in early childhoo Vol.1 No.2
In line with Jean Piaget’s conservation concepts and Lawrence Kohlberg’s work on gender constancy, a study was conducted among Filipino preschoolers to determine the development of their gender constancy and determine the relationship between gender constancy and genital knowledge. Age and gender differences were also determined. The 87 preschoolers, aged 3-5 years old, from three laboratory schools completed the following tests: the Own-gender constancy test, Other-Gender Con- stancy test, and the Genital Knowledge test. For own-gender constancy, sex was a significant variable. The mean score of male preschoolers was higher than female preschoolers. For other-gender constancy, age was a significant variable. There was a difference in mean scores across the three age groups. There was a positive but low correlation between own-gender constancy scores and other-gender constancy scores. This relationship was also observed for other-gender constancy and genital knowl- edge.
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김나림,김지영 한국영유아보육학회 2003 한국영유아보육학 Vol.0 No.34
This study is investigated to the young children's concept formation about sex. Research questions were as follows; 1) Is there any difference about concept of sex according to young children's age and sex? 2) Is there any difference about concept of difference on the sex according to young children's age and sex? Subjects of this study were 158 children of 4 and 5 years of age from D and S Children's House in J city. The researchers interviewed the subjects by using a specially designed interview format. Responses of children were classified in accordance with criteria developed by researchers on the basis of the researcher's previous studies, the study of Jeong(1991), Jeong(1996) and that of Park(2001). The data was analyzed by M, SD, two independent t-tests and frequencies, percentages with spss/pc program. The study results found that 1) gender identity and gender stability of 4 years old and 5-year-old children were developed almost mostly, and Young girls were expose that develop little more. 2) The 4 years old and 5-year-old children were recognizing about biologic difference of man and woman regardless of age and that girls were recognizing little more high. Children who respond that biologic special quality is same responded that appearance and psychological special quality are equal. And that consecrated vessel is identical, ratio that recognize is low. If examine infants who respond that there is biologic difference, was recognizing that dress and sexual gland are different mainly. But, that body part is different when painted, ratio that express is high.
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