중·고등학교 야구선수의 타율과 체력요인과의 관계에 관한 연구

오덕자(Duk Ja Oh),박병주(Byung Ju Park) 한국체육교육학회 2003 한국체육교육학회지 Vol.7 No.4

This study researches on the relationship between batting average and physical strength factors. The subjects are 3 middle and 3 high schools` baseball in Busan who have had more than at 20 bats in the nationwide competitions April, 2001 through April, 2002. 27 middle and 27 high school players were chosen. The relationship between their batting average and physical strength factors, and the physical strength difference between higher and lower groups were compared and analysed, the results are as follows; 1. The higher groups` physical strengths are high than the lower ones in muscular strength, power, flexibility, agility, muscular endurance, equilibrium. 2. All the players` batting average is positively related to back strength, trunk extension, sargent jump, standing board jump, grip strength(right), grip strength(left), trunk flexion(p<.01) in order, while agility(side step), cardiovascular endurance(Harvard step), and equilibrium(Strait walking) have no meaningful relation. 3. In the middle school groups, the batting average is positively related to back strength, grip strength(left), sargent jump, grip strength(right), trunk flexion, trunk extension, standing board jump(P<.05, p<.01) in order, while agility(side step), cardiovascular endurance(Harvard step), and equilibrium(Strait walking) do not have meaningful relations statistically. 4. In the high school groups, the batting average is positively related to back strength, sargent jump, grip strength(right), grip strength9left), standing board jump, trunk flexion, and trunk extension(p<.05, p<.01) in order, while agility(side step), cardiovascular endurance(Harvard step), and equilibrium(Strait walking) do not have meaningful relations statistically.

Distribution of strength and stiffness in asymmetric wall type system buildings considering foundation flexibility

Atefatdoost, Gh.R.,Shakib, H.,JavidSharifi, B. Techno-Press 2017 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.63 No.3

Architecture constraints in buildings may typically cause irregularities in the distribution of stiffness and mass and consequently causes non-compliance of centers of mass, stiffness and strength. Such buildings are known as asymmetric buildings the distribution of strength and stiffness is one of whose main challenges. This distribution is more complicated for concrete buildings with RC shear walls in which stiffness and strength are interdependent parameters. The flexibility under the foundation is another subject that can affect this distribution due to the variation of dynamic properties of the structure and its constituting elements. In this paper, it is attempted to achieve an appropriate distribution pattern by expressing the effects of foundation flexibility on the seismic demand of concrete shear walls and also evaluate the effects of this issue on strength and stiffness distribution among lateral force resistant elements. In order to understand the importance of flexibility in strength and stiffness distribution for an asymmetric building in different conditions of under-foundation flexibility, the assigned value to each of the walls is numerically calculated and eventually a procedure for strength and stiffness distribution dependencies on flexibility is provided.

한국 성인의 악력과 고혈압 유병률과의 관계: 제 6기 국민건강영양조사(2015년)

이정아 대한운동학회 2017 아시아 운동학 학술지 Vol.19 No.3

[PURPOSE] The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency and type of physical activity according to the difference of grip strength among Korean adults and to clarify the relationship between grip strength and prevalence of hypertension. [METHODS] We analyzed a secondary database, the 6th Korean National Health Nutrition Survey (2015), which examined the grip strength, frequency and type of physical activity, body composition, blood pressure, and biomakers of blood among Korean adults. The grip strength was divided 4 groups based on a quartile and 88.7% of participants mainly were using the right hand. Contingency table analysis was used to examine the differences of physical activity frequency and physical activity type among the 4 groups. Also, the logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the prevalence of hypertension according to the difference of grip strength. [RESULTS] The frequency of strength exercise, and flexibility exercise were significantly higher in the fourth group (4th Quartile) among four groups. When the first quartile group was as a reference (1), the prevalence of hypertension in female was significantly lower in the second quartile group at 60% (2nd Quartile, [0.40(0.18, 0.90)]), the third quartile group at 58% (3rd Quartile, [0.42(0.19, 0.90)]), and the fourth quartile group at 85% (4th Quartile, [0.15(0.06, 0.40)]). In male, the hypertension prevalence was significantly lower in the third quartile group at 60% (3rd Quartile, [0.40(0.18, 0.90)]), and the fourth quartile group at 69% (4th Quartile, [0.31(0.12, 0.81)]). The left grip strength in both female and male also showed a similar tendency in the relationship prevalence of hypertension and grip strength. [CONCLUSIONS] The grip strength can be used as an index for predicting the prevalence of hypertension. To reduce the prevalence of hypertension and improve grip strength, regular high intensity exercise, strength exercise, and flexibility exercise should be recommended.

Distribution of strength and stiffness in asymmetric wall type system buildings considering foundation flexibility

Gh.R. Atefatdoost,H. Shakib,B. JavidSharifi 국제구조공학회 2017 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.63 No.3

Architecture constraints in buildings may typically cause irregularities in the distribution of stiffness and mass and consequently causes non-compliance of centers of mass, stiffness and strength. Such buildings are known as asymmetric buildings the distribution of strength and stiffness is one of whose main challenges. This distribution is more complicated for concrete buildings with RC shear walls in which stiffness and strength are interdependent parameters. The flexibility under the foundation is another subject that can affect this distribution due to the variation of dynamic properties of the structure and its constituting elements. In this paper, it is attempted to achieve an appropriate distribution pattern by expressing the effects of foundation flexibility on the seismic demand of concrete shear walls and also evaluate the effects of this issue on strength and stiffness distribution among lateral force resistant elements. In order to understand the importance of flexibility in strength and stiffness distribution for an asymmetric building in different conditions of under-foundation flexibility, the assigned value to each of the walls is numerically calculated and eventually a procedure for strength and stiffness distribution dependencies on flexibility is provided.

청소년의 내반슬 변형과 신체구성, 유연성, 하지 근력 및 근력 불균형 간의 관련성

박해찬(Hae Chan Park),김양수(Yang Soo Kim),이수경(Soo Kyung Lee) 한국발육발달학회 2015 한국발육발달학회지 Vol.23 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate correlations between intervals of two inner knees and body composition, flexibility, knee muscle strength, knee muscle strength imbalance, each. Subjects were 42 male adolescents who have the varus level more than 2nd grade. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient. The results of correlations did not reveal between intervals of two inner knees and BMI and %fat, each. The results of correlations revealed negative correlations between intervals of two inner knees and knee extensor and flexor on the right and left both. The results of correlations did not reveal between intervals of two inner knees and knee extensor strength imbalance, also between intervals of two inner knees and knee flexor strength imbalance. The results of correlations negative correlation between intervals of two inner knees and flexibility. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrate that the varus level of male adolescents has higher relationship with knee extensor and flexor strength and flexibility than body composition and knee strength imbalance.

유연성과 등척성 및 등속성 근력과의 관계

김도윤(Kim DoYoun),김광희(Kim KwangHoi),김용진(Kim YongJin),김기연(Kim GiYeon) 인하대학교 스포츠과학연구소 2007 스포츠과학논문집 Vol.19 No.-

본 연구는 여자 핸드볼 선수와 배구선수를 대상으로 유연성이 등척성 및 등속성 근력과 어떠한 관계가 있는지를 알아보기 위하여 두 요인간의 상관분석을 실시하였으며 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 배구선수가 핸드볼 선수보다 유연성이 좋았지만 등척성 최대 근력은 낮았다. 2. 유연성이 좋은 배구선수는 핸드볼 선수와의 부하속도 60˚/sec 등속성 근력요인 비교에 있어 최대토크, 체중대비 발현근력이 낮았으며 굴근 발현각도는 핸드볼 선수보다 배구선수가 유의하게 높았다. 3. 부하속도 180˚/sec의 근파워 비교에 있어 유연성이 낮은 핸드볼선수가 배구선수보다 평균 근파워, 체중대비 근파워가 낮았으며 180˚/sec의 최대토크 발현각도는 배구선수보다 유의하게 높았다. 4. 종목별 요인간 상관관계에 있어서는 배구선수의 왼쪽 각굴력과 유연성간 유의한 부적 상관관계가 있었다. 그러므로 종목별 요구되는 근력의 종류에 따라 다양한 유연성 훈련 프로그램이 필요할 것으로 생각되며 특히, 근파워를 요하는 종목에서는 보다 심도있는 유연성 프로그램이 필요할 것으로 판단된다. This study was to investigate the relationship between flexibility and muscular factors including isometric and isokinetic strength. For the purpose, 11 females volleyball and 15 handball players participated this study. we measured the sit and reach for flexibility and isometric strength of knee flexion, in addition, isokinetic strength and power by isokinetic equipment. After then, we analyzed the correlation between flexibility and strength. The results were followed as: 1. flexibility of volleyball players was higher but isometric strength was lower. 2. handball players' isokinetic strength was higher in peak torque, %BW. 3. On the peak power, volley ball players' power was higher than handball with higher flexibility. 4. flexibility had positive correlation with peak power, the other side had negative correlation with peak strength. Therefore we concluded that according to the kind of strength demanded various flexibility program should be prepared for the improvement, especially for the peak power improvement.

노르딕 워킹이 퇴행성 무릎 관절염 노인여성의 근력과 유연성, 균형 및 통증에 미치는 영향

오유성,장우성,김지선 한국응용과학기술학회 2019 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.36 No.4

본 연구는 퇴행성 무릎 관절염을 가진 노인여성을 대상으로 12주간의 노르딕 워킹을 통해 신체 기능과 관절염 통증 정도의 개선에 어떠한 효과를 미치는지 규명하는데 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 대상자는 퇴행성관절염으로 진단받은 노인여성 16명(나이: 73.00±3.70year, 신장: 154.30±4.07cm)을 대상으로 무선배정 된 노르딕 워킹 운동그룹(n=9)과 통제그룹(n=7)으로 나누었다. 운동 그룹은 노르딕 스틱을 이용하여 12주간 주 3회, 1회 30분 노르딕 워킹 운동을 실시하였고, 운동 강도는 HRR의 40-60%로 설정하였다. 통제그룹은 동일한 기간 동안 일상생활을 유지하도록 하였다. 종속변인으로 신체조성(체중, 체지방률, 근골격량)과 근력 과 유연성(상·하지 근력, 상·하지 유연성), 균형능력(정적균 형, 동적균형) 및 통증정도를 측정하였다. 이러한 지표들의 측정은 운동프로그램을 진행하기 전과 후로 나누어 2번 측정하였다. 자료처리는 SPSS-PC version 25.0을 이용하여 실험집단과 통계집단간의 생리학적 특성 비교를 위해 독립표본 t-test를 사용하였으며, 노르딕 워킹 운동그룹과 통제그룹의 그룹 간, 시기간의 변화를 알아보기 위해 2x2 반복측정 이원배치분산분석을 사용하였다. 연구 결과는 첫째, 12주간의 노르딕 워킹을 통해 신체조성 기능에서 체지방률은 운동 처치 후에 감소하는 결과가 나타났으며(p=.004), 집단 간과 시기 간의 상호작용에서도 감소하는 결과가 나타났다(p=.003). 골격근량은 운동처치 후에 증가하는 결과가 나타났으며(p=.018), 집단 간과 시기 간의 상호작용에서도 증가하는 결과가 나타났다(p=.005). 둘째, 근력과 유연성은 상지근력과 하지유연성에서 집단 간과 시기 간상호작용에서 증가하는 결과가 나타났으며(p=.009)(p=036), 하지근력에서는 운동집단과 통제집단 간 개선 효과가 나타났다(p=.006). 또한, 상지유연성은 운동처치 후에 증가하는 결과가 나타났다(p=.020). 셋째, 균형능력 요인은 정적균형에서 운동처치 후 개선 효과가 나타났으며(p=.016), 동적균형에서는 차이가 나타나 지 않았다(p>.05). 넷째, 통증정도는 운동처치 후 개선 효과가 나타났으며(p=.022), 운동집단과 통제집단 간에 개선 효과도 나타났다(p=.013). 결론적으로 12주간의 노르딕 워킹은 퇴행성 무릎 관절염을 가진 노인여성의 신체조성과 근력과 유연성에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 노르딕 워킹은 퇴행성 무릎 관절염을 가진 노인여성 에게 신체조성과 안정성, 균형성을 높여 주였으며, 무릎 관절의 통증을 낮춰주어 재활 운동 기능 개선에 효과적인 운동방법이라고 사료된다. The purpose of this study is to examine whether the 12-week Nordic walking can improve the physical function and arthritis pain of elderly women with osteoarthritis This study were divided into randomly assigned Nordic Walking Exercise Group (n=9) and Control Group (n=7) for 16 Elderly women diagnosed with Osteoarthritis (age: 73±3.79 year, height: 154.3±4.09 cm). The exercise group used Nordic sticks to carry out 30 minutes of Nordic walking exercise three times a week for 12 weeks, and the kinetic intensity was set at 40-60% of HRR. The control group maintained daily life for the same period. Body composition (weight, percentage body fat, skeletal muscle mass), muscular strength, Flexibility (muscular strength of upper and lower limbs, flexibility of upper and lower limbs), balance ability (static balance, dynamic balance) and pain level were measured as subordinate variables. These indicators were measured twice before and after the exercise program. The study shows that percentage body fat and skeletal muscle mass in the body composition function over 12 weeks of Nordic walking exercise have significant effects after the exercise than before (p=004)(p=.003), and it also shows significant interaction effects between the groups and timings(p=.018)(p=.005). In muscular strength, Flexibility factors, there were significant effects between the groups and timings in the upper limb muscular strength and the lower limb flexibility (p=.009)(p=.036), and a significant difference between the exercise group and the control group(p=.006) in the lower limb muscular strength. In addition, in the upper limb flexibility, there was a more significant difference after the exercise than before(p=.020). There were improvement effects after the exercise than before in the balance ability and the static balance(p=.016), but no difference in the dynamic balance(p>.05). In pain, there was a significant improvement after the exercise than before(p=.022), and a significant difference between the exercise group and the control group(p=.013). In conclusion, the 12-week Nordic walking exercise has positive effects on the body composition functions of the elderly women with Osteoarthritis, and has a positive effect on the improvement of upper limb muscular strength and lower limb flexibility in the health fitness factors. These effects are believed to have contributed effectively to the improvement of the level of pain by contributing to the improvement of physical and motor functions of the elderly women with Osteoarthritis. Therefore, it is considered that Nordic walking exercise, which enhances stability and balance of the patients with Osteoarthritis by using poles, is an effective exercise method for the improvement of the body and motor functions by lowering the pain of the joints and reducing the muscular strength and percentage body fat.

근력과 유연성 운동을 통한 노년층의 노쇠 예방

곽이섭 대구경북체육학회 2019 체육연구 Vol.15 No.1

Frailty is known as clinical syndrome characterized (1st) and also known as fall syndrome (2nd) in the elderly people. It is also related concepts about involuntary weight loss, decreased flexibility, decreased muscle strength and even dysfunction of endocrine system. Therefore, increased morbidity, many chronic disease, sacropenia and even fracture is related mechanism with frailty. Until now, Many researches revealed that the participation of promoting strength and flexibility with regular exercise training in the elderly. The purpose of this investigation is about the impacts of muscle strength and flexibility on frailty in the elderly people. For this research purpose, PubMed database was searched from March of 2016 to July of 2019 using predefined search terms ‘muscle strength’, ‘fraility’, and‘ flexibility and elderly. Based on reference search, more than over 100 articles were identified whereas 27 papers (10 references) met the inclusion criteria and were well connected with frailty, strength, and flexibility. From this research, we analyzed the connections among frailty with strength exercise and flexibility with many variables in the elderly. Through this study, we analyzed the importance of muscle strength and flexibility promotion with physical exercise on fall and frailty in the elderly people. Further study about exercise program on frailty and fall is urgently needed in this area.

창조성의 생동력 향상에 관한 고찰

김정아 ( Jeong A Kim ) 창조교육학회 2010 창조교육논총 Vol.12 No.-

Creativity is human nature and the origin of life, which is the principles of human desire, thought, and activities based on freedom and spontaneity to direct new value. Creativity is divided into physical/physiological area, social area, rational area, moral area, artistic area, and religious area. And, physical/physiological area consists of vitality, social area of cooperation, rational area of investigation, moral area of good deed, artistic area of aesthetic appreciation, and religious area of belief in its nature of value, respectively. Vitality, as the nature of physical/physiological area in creativity, is the general term for the basis of biological and physical vigor of human creativity and such vitality produces creative activity and creative health. Organic characteristics of human related to creative health are physical strength and they include physical elements and mental elements in comprehensive meaning. Such physical strength is divided into behavioral physical strength and defensive physical strength: the former is also called work ability or exercise ability as positive body ability and it includes the elements of muscular strength, endurance, quickness, flexibility, rapid reaction, and balance. Those elements of behavioral physical strength would be external conditions to show creativity smoothly through physical body. Defensive physical strength is the abilities of physical defense and environmental adaptation to maintain life against external stress and includes, in general, regulation of body temperature, immunity, adaptation, and resistance to physical stress. Vitality, which is physical/physiological nature of creativity increase the development of human brain and the brain action affect the vitality and play a role in a promoter to manifest creativity as it makes humans have vigor. Creative health is the basis on increasing vividness by physical improvement through exercise. The elements of physical strength related to creative health are behavioral physical strength and, generally. To manifest creativity, physical/physiological should be the basis and vividness be improved by building up healthy physical strength.

Effect of Cr Thickness on Adhesion Strength of Cu/Cr/Polyimide Flexible Copper Clad Laminate Fabricated by Roll-to-Roll Process

Noh, Bo-In,Yoon, Jeong-Won,Choi, Jung-Hyun,Jung, Seung-Boo The Japan Institute of Metals 2010 Materials Transactions Vol.51 No.1

<P>The adhesion strength of a Cu/Cr/polyimide (PI) flexible copper clad laminate (FCCL), which was manufactured by the roll-to-roll process, was evaluated according to the thickness of the Cr seed layer using the 90° peel test. The changes in the morphology, chemical bonding and adhesion properties were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The peel strength of the FCCL decreased with increasing Cr layer thickness. The higher FCCL peel strength was attributed to the lower proportion of C-N bonds and higher proportion of C-O or carbonyl (C=O) bonds on the PI surface compared to the FCCL with the lower adhesion strength. The FCCL with the higher peel strength had a fractured PI surface with a higher surface roughness. The adhesion strength between the metal and PI was mostly attributed to the chemical interaction between the metal layer and the functional groups of the PI.</P>