고유수용성 신경근 촉진 스트레칭 기법과 탄성 스트레칭 기법이 엉덩관절 유연성 및 근 긴장도에 미치는 영향

강태우,박서윤 대한고유수용성신경근촉진법학회 2024 PNF and Movement Vol.22 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching, basedon ballistic stretching and the contract-relax technique, on hip joint flexibility and muscle tone in adults with shortened rectusfemoris muscles. Methods: The study involved 40 adults with shortened rectus femoris muscles, identified using the modified Thomas test. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: PNF stretching, employing the contract-relax technique, and ballisticstretching. Measurements included muscle tension, hip joint range of motion, and muscle characteristics. The rectus femorismuscle shortening effect was confirmed by the modified Thomas test, while the flexibility effect was assessed through hip jointmotion range. The muscle tension effect was determined using Myoton-PRO. Results: Both stretching methods resulted in significant improvements in modified Thomas test angles and frequency, with thePNF stretching group showing notably greater changes. However, neither stretching method significantly affected decrement orstiffness measurements. These findings suggest that PNF stretching may be more effective for certain outcomes compared toballistic stretching. Conclusion: In summary, both stretching methods positively influenced flexibility and muscle tension, with PNF stretchingshowing a greater impact. These findings highlight the importance of selecting the appropriate stretching technique forachieving functional improvements in muscles, which could serve as valuable indicators for preventing and treating muscleinjuries in both sports and daily activities.

다양한 강도에서 수행된 고유감각신경근육촉진 스트레칭과 정적 스트레칭이 뒤넙다리근의 유연성에 미치는 효과

임우택(Woo-taek Lim) 한국전문물리치료학회 2020 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.27 No.1

Background: To prevent or reduce the risk of strain injury, various approaches, including stretching techniques are currently being used. The effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) and static stretching on flexibility has been demonstrated; however, it is not clear which one is superior. Objects: This study aimed to evaluate the differences between the effects of PNF and static stretching performed at various intensities on muscle flexibility. Methods: The maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) of the hamstrings using the PNF stretching technique was performed in the P100 group, while 70% of the MVIC was performed in the P70 group. The MVIC value obtained during the PNF stretching in both groups was used as a reference for setting the intensity of static stretching. Static stretching was performed at 130% (S130), 100% (S100), and 70% of the MVIC (S70). The active knee extension (AKE) values, defined as the knee flexion angle were measured before stretching (baseline), immediately after stretching (post), and at 3 minutes, 6 minutes, and 15 minutes. Results: PNF stretching produce a greater improvement in flexibility compared with static stretching. Specifically, the ΔAKE was significantly higher in the S100 and S70 groups than in the P100 group at Post. In the comparison of ΔAKE over time in each group, the ΔAKE at Post showed a significant decrease compared to the value at Baseline in the S130 group; however, no significant difference was observed at 6 minutes while a significant increase was noted at 15 minutes. Conclusion: This study found that PNF stretching is more effective than static stretching with respect to increasing and maintaining the flexibility of muscles. In addition, the increase in flexibility at maximal intensity was similar to that observed at submaximal intensity during both PNF and static stretching.

The Relationship between Hip Extension Force Measured by Using a Hand-held Dynamometer and the Effect of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching on Hamstring Flexibility

임우택 대한스트레스학회 2016 스트레스硏究 Vol.24 No.4

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between hip extension force measured by using a hand-held dynamometer (HHD) and the effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching on hamstring flexibility. Many athletes try to avoid strains by excessive stress while maintaining or improving performance. It has been widely demonstrated that PNF stretching increases hamstring flexibility by decreasing active resistance. Thirty-four young men and women participated in the study. Active knee extension (AKE) was measured with a goniometer before and after hold-relax PNF stretching. Additionally, AKE data were collected at 2, 6, 10, 20, and 30 min. The maximal isometric contraction force of the hamstring was measured by using a HHD during a single set of PNF stretches (6 trials×5 s/trial). The mean forces measured by using the hand-held dynamometer were not significantly different between the trials; however, the averages of the maximum and minimum values obtained for each trial were significantly different. Hamstring flexibility at pre-stretch differed between men and women, but the immediate and sustained effects of stretching did not differ between the sexes. The isometric contraction force of the hip extensor during hold-relax PNF stretching was successfully measured and quantified with the use of a HHD. The inconsistencies in the isometric contraction force between trials might diminish the effect of stretching. The use of a HHD to monitor the effort applied by a subject and provide real-time feedback might enhance the effectiveness of stretching in the clinical field or in sports physiotherapy.

The Relationship between Hip Extension Force Measured by Using a Hand-held Dynamometer and the Effect of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching on Hamstring Flexibility

Wootaek Lim(임우택) 대한스트레스학회 2016 스트레스硏究 Vol.24 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 고유수용성 신경근 촉진법을 이용한 뒤넙다리근의 스트레칭 동안 휴대용 근력계를 이용하여 측정된 고관절 신전력과 스트레칭으로 인해 증가된 뒤넙다리근 유연성 사이의 관계를 보는 것이었다. 스트레칭은 1세트 (총 6회, 회당 5초) 수행되었다. 스트레칭 전, 후 능동 무릎 폄 검사가 즉청되었으며, 뒤넙다리근의 최대 신전력은 휴대용 근력계로 측정되었다. 신전력과 유연성 사이의 상관관계는 없었으나, 6회 동안 측정된 평균 신전력의 최소값과 최대값은 유의한 차이를 보였다. 일정하지 않은 신전력의 적용은 스트레칭 효과를 감소할지 모른다. 스트레칭 동안 휴대용 근력계를 이용하여 피험자의 스트레칭 수행정도를 관찰하고 실시간으로 피드백을 줄 수 있다면, 임상 및 스포츠물리치료현장에서 매우 유용할 것이다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between hip extension force measured by using a hand-held dynamometer (HHD) and the effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching on hamstring flexibility. Many athletes try to avoid strains by excessive stress while maintaining or improving performance. It has been widely demonstrated that PNF stretching increases hamstring flexibility by decreasing active resistance. Thirty-four young men and women participated in the study. Active knee extension (AKE) was measured with a goniometer before and after hold-relax PNF stretching. Additionally, AKE data were collected at 2, 6, 10, 20, and 30 min. The maximal isometric contraction force of the hamstring was measured by using a HHD during a single set of PNF stretches (6 trials×5 s/trial). The mean forces measured by using the hand-held dynamometer were not significantly different between the trials; however, the averages of the maximum and minimum values obtained for each trial were significantly different. Hamstring flexibility at pre-stretch differed between men and women, but the immediate and sustained effects of stretching did not differ between the sexes. The isometric contraction force of the hip extensor during hold-relax PNF stretching was successfully measured and quantified with the use of a HHD. The inconsistencies in the isometric contraction force between trials might diminish the effect of stretching. The use of a HHD to monitor the effort applied by a subject and provide real-time feedback might enhance the effectiveness of stretching in the clinical field or in sports physiotherapy.

정적 스트레칭과 PNF 스트레칭이 KPGA 프로골퍼의 요부유연성에 미치는 초기 효과

장경모 ( Kyung Mo Jang ),서동익 ( Dong Ick Seo ),서경묵 ( Kyung Mook Seo ),박헌종 ( Heon Jong Park ) 대한스포츠의학회 2008 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.26 No.2

The purpose of this study was to determine the early effect of static and PNF (proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation) stretching on back flexibility in professional golfers of KPGA (Korea Professional Golfer Association). 44 professional golfers were randomly divided into two groups. GroupⅠ(n=23) performed a static stretching and groupⅡ(n=21) performed a PNF stretching. Back flexibility was measured immediately before and after application or rest by SR(sit-and-reach) test. Back flexibility significantly increased in both groups (p<0.05) but, more significantly increased in groupⅡ (p<0.05). The results of this study indicated that static and PNF stretching on back immediately increased back flexibility and more significantly in group with PNF.

The Effectiveness of Hamstring Stretching with Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation versus Jack-Knife Stretching for Individuals with Hamstring Tightness

오재섭,강민혁 KEMA학회 2021 근골격계과학기술학회 Vol.5 No.1

Background Jack-knife stretching is a newly developed static hamstring stretching exercise. However, no studies have compared this stretching exercise to hamstring stretching with proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF). Purpose This study compared the effects of PNF hamstring stretching and jack-knife stretching on hamstring flexibility. Study design Randomized controlled clinical trial Methods Twenty-four adults with bilateral hamstring tightness were randomly assigned to the PNF hamstring stretching or jack-knife stretching group. All participants performed PNF hamstring stretching or jack-knife stretching for 150 s. Before and after hamstring stretching, the participants completed the active knee extension (AKE), active straight leg raise (ASLR), and finger-to-floor distance (FFD) tests. Lumbar flexion and the anterior pelvic tilt angle were measured during the FFD test. Results Both hamstring stretching exercises increased the knee extension angle during the AKE test, hip flexion angle during the ASLR test, and lumbar flexion and anterior pelvic tilt angle during the FFD test while decreasing the FFD value (p<0.05). However, no significant between-group differences were found (p>0.05). Conclusions PNF hamstring stretching and jack-knife stretching have similar beneficial effects on hamstring flexibility.

스트레칭 방법의 차이가 정적과 동적 균형능력 및 기초체력에 미치는 효과

조영현(Yeong-Hyun Cho),유주인(Joo-In Yu),서태범(Tae-Beom Seo) 한국발육발달학회 2021 한국발육발달학회지 Vol.29 No.1

The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of static, dynamic and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching methods on balance ability and the five basic components of physical fitness in male university students. Using a randomized crossover study design, 11 male college students took part in each of 4 stretching sessions. All stretching was performed at 2-day interval to avoid contamination of the results. As the result of this study, static and dynamic balance(p<.063) as well as physical fitness including muscle endurance(p<.882), power(p<.300) and agility(p<.151) were not statistically significant among various stretching methods. However the range of motion (ROM) at left and right hip flexion(p<.040, p<.021), core muscle strength(p<.045) and flexibility(p<.037) of the lower limb was significantly higher in PNF trial compared to the non-stretching trial. Our findings suggested importance evidence that the performing PNF stretching before training or competition might help prevent injury and improve muscle strength.

고유수용성신경근촉진법 엉덩허리근 신장기법이 허리통증 환자의 통증과 엉덩관절 가동범위에 미치는 영향 : 단일사례연구

김범룡,강태우 한국신경근육물리치료학회(구 한국신경근육재활학회) 2020 한국신경근육재활학회지 Vol.10 No.2

This study aimd to determine the effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) iliopsoas muscle stretching techniques on the pain and hip joint range of motion in patients with low back pain. In this study, PNF iliopsoas muscle stretching techniques was applied to three patients with low back pain. PNF iliopsoas muscle stretching techniques was performed 13 times during intervention phase. The subjects were measured 5 times in the baseline phase, 13 times in the intervention phase. A visual analogue scale (VAS) was used for the measurement of the level of pain. The FABER test (FABERT), modified Thomas test (MTT), and prone hip extension test (PHET) were used for the measurement of the hip joint range of motion. The pain was reduced compared in the patients to those of pre-tests, and the hip joint range of motion was improved compared to the range of pre-tests. The study results verified that PNF iliopsoas muscle stretching techniques are useful when applied to patients with low back pain.

고유수용성신경근촉진법 넙다리뒤근 신장 기법이 만성허리통증환자의 통증과 엉덩관절 가동범위에 미치는 영향

김범룡(Beom-ryong Kim),이혜진(Hye-jin Lee) 한국여성체육학회 2020 한국여성체육학회지 Vol.34 No.1