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- 주제어 : deontic force (검색결과 6 건)
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현대중국어 가능보어와‘能/不能+V(C)’ 구조의 의무양태 의미 비교 연구
金鉉哲(Kim, Hyun-cheol),郭敬(Guo Jing) 중국어문학연구회 2022 중국어문학논집 Vol.- No.134
This article was written for the purpose of comparing the semantic characteristics of the deontic modal meaning of potential complement structure and ‘能/不能+V(C)’ structure which is commonly used in modern Chinese. The results of the above analysis are summarized as follows. First, both the potential complement structure and the ‘能/不能+V(C)’ structure can represent deontic modal meaning, but the potential complement structure has a negative semantic tendency and the ‘能/不能+V(C)’ structure has a positive semantic tendency. Second, the potential complement structure belongs to ‘Steady-State Force-Dynamic Patterns’ and objectivity because its focus of meaning is ‘restrictions of the rules’. its deontic modal meaning is ‘an act is barely allowed or completely prohibited.’. the ‘能/不能+V(C)’ structure belongs to ‘Shifting Steady-State Force-Dynamic Patterns’ and subjectivity because its focus of meaning is ‘Whether the act is justified.’. its deontic modal meaning is ‘an act is allowed or prohibited.’. Third, when the two structures represent dynamic modal meaning, the component ‘V(C)’ has the semantic features of [-positive] and [+controllable].
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A corpus-based study on the weak obligation modals: Should, ought to and had better
고우경 한국영어학회 2008 영어학 Vol.8 No.2
Korean Journal of English Language and Linguistics 8-2, 207-230. The study investigates the differences in meaning and usage of the three weak obligation modals, should, ought to and had better, through analyzing the 100-million word British National Corpus data. These three modals are thought to have similar meaning and usages, which can easily confuse L2 learners. Grammar references provide some information on the differences between these modals, which are sometimes contradictory as well as incomprehensive. The analysis of authentic data suggests that these three weak obligation modals do have differences in use, which can be best understood when considered in the context in which they are used. Specifically, the quantitative analysis suggests had better is used mostly with personal pronoun subjects, while should is used more frequently with general noun subjects. The subsequent qualitative analysis sheds more light on the usage patterns of these modals. For example, the deontic force of should differs depending on the subject types it is used with. In addition, the use of had better entails extended discourse with contexts and explanations hedging its "directness." As such, the subject of the sentence as well as the context in which these modals are used is found to play a significant role in their choice. The study provides pedagogical data, which can be useful in class when teaching these modals. Furthermore, it shows the importance of context in which a certain lexical and grammatical item is used.
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Modal Categories and Dynamic Modality in English
김용범 한국영어학회 2017 영어학 Vol.17 No.4
This paper attempts to clarify obscurity regarding classification boundaries of modal categories in English and related ambiguities in the interpretation of the modal expressions. By utilizing cognitive concepts such as modal forces, their sources and cognitive domains, this paper will attempt to provide a more explicit categorization of English modal categories in a mutually exclusive manner so that the domain-related usages of the modal verbs and the ambiguities in their interpretations can be accounted for in a principled and unambiguous way. Especially, this paper puts forth an expanded notion of dynamic modality that can deal with various usages of modal verbs which have been left unaccounted for.
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박상수(Sang soo Park) 현대문법학회 2013 현대문법연구 Vol.75 No.-
This paper aims to examine hedging expressions expressed by epistemic modal auxiliaries and to analyze their grammatical function, intrinsic meaning and scope in English. Meaning difference in sentences merged with an epistemic modal auxiliary is revealed by the scope parameter between the unmarked and marked interpretation of it. At the C-I interface, the unmarked use of an epistemic modal auxiliary doesn t contribute to the truth-conditional meaning, whereas the marked use of it sometimes contributes to the truthconditional meaning. An epistemic modal auxiliary moves to C from T at the C-I interface, then it functions subjectively as a discourse-related information marker connoting an illocutionary force feature there. But when it functions objectively at T without movement, an epistemic modal auxiliary links thematic relation to its subject. In order to confirm the scope of epistemic modals, 20 native speakers checked the grammaticality of sentences that containing both an epistemic modal auxiliary and a quantifier concurrently. The result shows that all the native speakers interpret the epistemic modal auxiliary as denoting wide scope, but they don’t agree one another on the interpretation of it as denoting narrow scope.
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