며느리와 딸로부터 수발받는 노인의 우울수준 및 우울관련요인의 차이

이인정 ( Lee Injeong ) 한국보건사회연구원 2013 保健社會硏究 Vol.33 No.4

일상생활 의존으로 자녀의 수발을 받는 것은 노인에게 부정적인 정서적 결과를 가져올 수 있으나 이에 대한 연구는 거의 이루어지지 않았다. 본 연구는 자녀에게 수발받는 노인의 우울수준과 우울관련요인을 조사하였다. 구체적으로 두 유형의 대표적인 자녀 수발자인 며느리와 딸로부터 수발받는 노인을 대상으로 우울수준, 일상생활 의존정도가 우울에 미치는 영향, 일상생활 의존정도와 우울의 관계에 대한 사회적 지지의 조절효과를 비교하였다. 이를 위해 한국보건사회연구원의 2011년도 노인실태조사 패널 자료에서 며느리와 딸로부터 수발받는 노인 293명을 표본으로 확보하여 기술적 분석, 회귀분석 등을 실시하였다. 주요 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 자녀에게 수발받는 노인의 우울수준은 높았으며 특히 딸로부터 수발받는 노인에서 며느리로부터 수발받는 노인보다 우울수준과 우울증으로 진단될 수 있는 노인의 비율이 높았다. 둘째, 딸로부터 수발받는 노인이 며느리로부터 수발받는 노인보다 경제적 수준이 낮았고 자녀와 별거하는 비율은 높았다. 셋째, 두 집단에서 공통적으로 일상생활 의존정도가 높을수록 우울 수준이 높았다. 넷째, 며느리가 수발하는 노인에서 자녀로부터의 정서적 지지, 자녀와의 관계만족도는 노인의 심각한 일 상생활 의존이 우울을 초래하는 것을 막아주는 조절효과가 있었다. 이러한 결과에 따라 딸로부터 수발받는 노인에 대해 우울취약집단으로 관심을 가질 것, 심각한 일상생활 의존 과 우울증의 높은 관련성에 유의할 것 등이 제기되었다. 또한 며느리가 수발하는 노인에서 자녀로부터의 정서적 지지를 활성화하고 자녀들로 하여금 노인이 만족스러워 할 수 있는 관계를 조성하도록 하는 것 등이 우울방지 방안으로 제시되었다. 우울수준이 높은 딸 수발 노인의 경우 조절효과를 갖는 변수들이 발견되지 않았으므로 추후연구에서 측정을 정교하게 하고 심리적 변인을 추가하여 검증하는 방안이 제기되었다. Some Western studies have shown that receiving care from adult children has negative effects on psychological well-being of older care recipients. It is also indicated that care recipients` depression varies by caregiver type. This study examined the differences in the level and correlates of depression among elders cared by daughters and daughters-in-law. Especially, it tried to test if social support(emotional support and instrumental support from children, elder`s satisfaction with the filial relationship) attenuated the influence of dependency on depression in these two groups. 293 older care recipients (157 elders cared by daughters-in-law, 136 elders cared by daughters) selected from the data of 2011 Survey of Conditions and Welfare Needs of Korean Older Persons were used for chi-square test, t-test, multiple regression. Findings suggested that the level of depression was higher in elders cared by daughters than in elders cared by daughters-in-law. It was also found that the greater dependency were significantly related to higher level of depression in both groups. Finally, the harmful effect of dependency on depression was moderated by emotional support from adult children and marginally by elder`s satisfaction with the filial relationship in those cared by daughters-in-law. But, social support has no moderating effect in those cared by daughters. Based on the results, implications including attention to elders cared by daughters for their high vulnerability to depression, keeping an eye on care receiving elders with greater dependency as a high risk group for depression, increasing emotional support from adult children to reduce depression in those cared by daughters-in-law were discussed.

어머니, 딸들, 그리고 ‘허스토리’

김문기(Moonki Kim) 한국셰익스피어학회 2005 셰익스피어 비평 Vol.41 No.4

Feminist writers and companies have long adapted Shakespeare's texts in the ways that challenge the authority of Shakespeare's texts and expose patriarchal assumptions in his plays. In 1987 Women's Theatre Group undertook the revision of a major Shakespearean tragedy, King Lear, from the perspective of a feminist collective collaboration. This paper explores feminist strategies in adapting Shakespeare's tragedy as incorporated in WTG's Lear's Daughters, which is regarded as "a landmark in feminist reinventing of Shakespeare." Feminist scholars have criticized King Lear as one of the most explicitly misogynist and patriarchal texts which depicts the world of chaos and anarchy resulting from the breakdown of patriarchal order. In order to escape from the patriarchal narrative structure of Shakespeare's play, WTG's Lear's Daughter takes a form of prequel to King Lear that places experiences of Lear's daughters and their mothers at the center of the play. In this collaboratively created prequel, 'herstory' suppressed in Shakespeare's text takes center stage by the androgynous Fool's guidance and the Nanny's reconstruction of the daughters' childhood memories, which provides a context for the daughters' 'ingratitude' actions toward their father in King Lear. Lear's daughters are given detailed characterizations and their relationship with other female characters and their experiences are foregrounded. Lear's daughters also creates two mothers, which reminds the spectators of absence of the mother in Shakespeare's text, while eliminating Lear from the stage. In this Learless world, the Nanny, hired as a substitute mother to the daughters and having given up her own child in order to raise Lear's daughters, takes center stage by leading the daughters to making a stand against Lear. Lear's Daughters ends with three daughters holding Lear's crown tossed in the air, symbolizing possible collaboration among the daughters. WTG's collaborative writing strategy is a significant challenge to the modem concept of 'authorship' based on the individual writer's originality, and thus indirectly to the authority of Shakespeare whose unparalleled originality helped create the modem concept of authorship. It also foregrounds the fact that theatrical work requires collaboration among various artists and that emphasizing only Shakespeare and his text is a result from hierarchical system of patriarchal literary and theatre worlds. It also challenges the ways in which Shakespearean plays have been staged in the mainstream theatrical productions by exploring alternative theatre space and such performing methods as improvisations and workshops. Lear's Daughters proves that it is possible to create a feminist adaptation of Shakespeare's tragedy in the alternative theatre space for the spectators who are not required to be overwhelmed by the authority of "Shakespeare" and who want to avoid the cumulative power of mainstream productions.

조선후기 ‘기혼(旣婚) 효녀’ 사례들의 특징과 의미

이정민 한국학중앙연구원 한국학중앙연구원 2023 한국학 Vol.46 No.4

일반적 통념과 달리, 조선후기 사회에서는 일상 속 물질적・정서적 봉양, 유배・병중 등 특수 상황에서의 봉양, 그리고 부모님 사후의 상례와 제례 준수 등 기혼 여성의 효행 사례가 적지 않게 발견된다. 일상성과 장기지속성을 보여주는 이런 사례들은 극단적 신체 훼손보다는 장시간의 감정 소모 등에 따른 정서적 자기파괴도 보여준다. 기혼 여성의 효행이 가능했던 것은 친정과의 물리적・정서적 밀착성, 그리고 부모 봉양에 딸들이 동원되는 것을 자연스럽게 생각했던 사회 분위기 때문이었다. 무엇보다도 기혼 여성들의 이런 효녀로서의 삶은 효부가 되어야 할 당위성이나 열녀를 추구하는 가치와 상충하지 않고 공존했는데, 며느리를 대체하는 딸의 상시적 봉양이 효부의 역할에 대한 사회적 요구를 떨어뜨린 점, 효를 타고난 천성으로 여기는 통념이 효녀와 효부를 다르지 않은 존재로 간주케 한 점, 죽음으로써 열녀가 되는 대신 부모 봉양을 포기하는 여성들에 대한 사회적 불만 등이 그 원인이었던 것으로 보이며, 다만 효녀로서의 삶과 열녀로서의 삶 사이에 존재했던 근본적 괴리는 ‘효녀로 살다가 열녀로 죽기’를 기대하는 이른바 효열(孝烈)의 담론으로 이어져 여성에게 이중의 속박을 지우게 되었다. Contrary to the general belief, throughout the latter-half period of the Joseon dynasty, married daughters were able to tend to their parents’ needs, not only physically, temporary, or limited to specific situations—for example, caring for sick or distressed parents. They could provide emotional and psychological care as well, that too on a regular—often, full-time—basis. Even after their parents died, they conducted funerals and memorial services. There are few examples of these daughters experiencing significant physical strain; however, there are instances of mental breakdown, which could have been an even greater threat to their well-being. Their service was made possible by the fact that the physical—and more importantly, emotional—distance between their matrimonial and parental homes was insignificant. Additionally, the society at the time was not opposed to the idea of married daughters tending to their aged parents. Most importantly, a daughter’s loyalty toward her parents did not conflict with her obligations toward her parents-in-law or husband. This was probably because married daughters’ services rendered the services of the daughters-in-law less imperative and more optional. Additonally, the social notion of filial piety being the ultimate moral value ensured that daughters loyal to their biological parents were not blamed of ignoring their matrimonial responsibilities.Moreover, the society abhorred the idea of daughters abandoning their parents for their husbands. Thus, the prevalent social notion was that females should live as loyal daughter and die as loyal wives and daughters-in-law. This notion aimed to harmonize the constantly colliding aspects of the two lives forced upon the females of that era. However, instead of serving as a solution, it was yet another social burden imposed upon these married daughters.

시부모와 외국인 며느리가 지각하는 관계의 질과 의사소통의 일치정도에 근거한 관계유형

정순둘(Chung Soon-Dool),박현주(Park Hyun-Ju),오보람(Oh Bo-Ram) 한국사회복지학회 2010 한국사회복지학 Vol.62 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 시부모와 외국인 며느리가 서로에 대해 지각하는 ‘관계’의 차이, 유형, 특성 등을 파악해 보고, 서로의 관계증진을 위한 방안을 모색해 보는데 있다. 연구대상은 서울?경기, 전라도 지역에 거주하는 며느리와 시부모 138쌍이다. 연구결과 다문화 가정의 시부모는 외국인 며느리에 비해 관계를 더 좋게 지각하는 것으로 나타났다. 시부모와 외국인 며느리 쌍의 지각된 일치도에 근거하여 군집분석을 실시한 결과 4개의 집단으로 분류되었다. 각 관계유형(군집)별 특성을 살펴보기 위해 시부모와 며느리의 주요 특성을 이용하여 일원변량분석을 실시한 결과, 시부모의 높은 문화적 유능감이 서로의 관계를 긍정적으로 평가하는데 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 시부모와 관계가 좋은 며느리는 문화적응 스트레스가 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 시부모가 며느리와의 관계를 좋게 지각하는 경우 시부모의 생활만족도가 높았으며, 시부모와의 관계를 좋게 지각하는 경우 며느리의 결혼만족도도 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이를 바탕으로 함의를 제시하였다. The purpose of this study was to observe the difference and patterns of relationship between parents-in-law and foreign daughters-in-law based on the perceived agreement of quality of relationship and communication. A total of 138 dyad relationships between parents-in-law and foreign daughters-in-law from Seoul, Kyunggi-Do, and Cholla-Do were analyzed. The study results showed that parents-in-law and foreign daughters-in-law perceived their relationship as an average and above and parents-in-law perceived their relationship more positively than daughters-in-law. A total of 4 clusters were categorized by cluster analysis based on the agreement of perceived relationship and communication: parents-in-law perceived their relationship positively but daughters-in-law were not(cluster 1), daughters-in-law perceived their relationship positively but parents-in-law were not(cluster 2), both parents-in-law and daughters-in-law perceived their relationship positively(cluster 3), both parents-in-law and daughters-in-law perceived their relationship negatively(cluster 4). In order to observe the characteristics of relationship patterns, ANOVA were performed. Cultural competency of parents-in-law appeared to relate to their relationship with daughters-in-law. Acculturative stress of daughters-in-law who have good relationship with their parents-in-law was low and marital satisfaction of them was high. In addition, life satisfaction of parents-in-law who have good relationship with their daughters-in-law was high. Implication of this study was discussed.

다문화가정의 고부갈등 양상: EBS 〈다문화고부열전〉에 나타난 고부갈등을 중심으로

정선주(Jung, Sun-Joo) 숙명여자대학교 아시아여성연구원 2020 다문화사회연구 Vol.13 No.3

본 연구는 다문화가정의 고부갈등 양상을 알아보기 위해 EBS 〈다문화고부열전〉의 300회 가량의 분량을 방송을 분석했다. 다문화가정 고부갈등을 다룬 선행연구가 한정된 참여자들을 대상으로 하는 질적연구가 주를 이루고 있기에 본 연구는 〈다문화고부열전〉 300회 가량의 방송 내용에 나타난 다양한 국적 과 연령, 결혼 형태의 다문화가정 고부갈등을 살펴보았다는 점에서 그 의의를 찾을 수 있을 것이다. 〈다문화고부열전〉에 나타난 갈등은 시어머니의 갈등, 며느리의 갈등, 새롭게 등장하는 갈등으로 나눌 수 있다. 대표적 시어머니의 갈등은 역할 기대, 며느리 눈치 보기, 도주 불안, 독박 살림 & 황혼 육아, 헤프게 쓰는 돈, 애타게 기다리는 출산 등이 있었으며 며느리의 대표적 갈등은 시어머니의 방식대로, 이젠 한국 사람처럼, 못 미더움, 일상적인 소비가 낭비라니, 세상에서 제일 큰 목소리, 눈치 보는 친정집 송금 등이 있었다. 그리고 결혼 이주의 역사가 20여 년이 도어가면서 새롭게 등장하는 갈등도 있었다. 프로그램 초기보다는 중·후반에 더 많은 빈도로 나타나기 시작했으며 기존의 선행연구에서 드러나지 않는 고부갈등 및 가족갈등이기도 했다. 사돈 문제, 며느리 취업 문제, 재혼가정의 전처·전 남편 아이들 교육 및 입양 문제, 며느리의 핸드폰 과몰입, 가장 역할 며느리에 대한 부담, 고부갈등에 낀 남편 등이 이에 해당한다. This study analyzed about approximately 300 episodes of EBS’s EBS 〈“Stories of Multicultural Mothers- and Daughters-in-Law”〉 to find out determine what causes various the types of high-intensity conflicts between mothers-and daughters-in-law in multicultural families and their causes. Most Since the prior studies dealing of with the conflicts of in multicultural families have been are mainly qualitative and had small sample sizes studies targeting limited participants, limiting the applicability of their findings. However, this featured study is the high quality of multicultural families composed of people of with various nationalities, ages, marriage form shown in featured in approximately about 300 episodes of 〈“Stories of Multicultural Mothers- and Daughters-in-Law〉.” The conflicts shown featured in 〈Stories of Multicultural Mothers- and Daughters-in-Law〉are can be divided into conflicts between mothers-in-law, daughters-in-law, and new conflicts. The representative conflicts from the perspectives of the mothers-in-law’s arose from conflicts included role expectations, not being able trying to understand the thought processes of their read daughters-in-law’s mind or face, anxiety on the run, single homemaking housekeeping & and providing elder twilight care alone, overspending and daughter-in-law pregnancy while the representative conflicts from the perspectives of daughters-in-law’s representative conflicts included arose from forced compliance with their mother-in-law’s methods preference, one-sided assimilation, distrust of daughters-in-law, over-consumption problems, the volume of their mother-in-law’s loud voice, and remittances to daughter-in-law’s home. And as the history of marriage migration is over has been around for more than 20 years old, but there has been a new conflicts have arisen. These conflicts began to appeared with increasing frequency more frequently in the middle and during the latter half of the program’s run than in the early part of the program, and were more intense it was also a high-flying and family conflict that than those examined was not revealed in previous prior studies. These problems include problems those between in-laws, the daughter-in-law’s employment, education, and adoption of the ex-wife and ex-husband’s children from previous of second marriage families, overuse of her cell phone, the burden placed on of a daughters-in-law as the heads of the household and the husband’s stress between mother and wife’s conflict.

어머니의 내적 통제성과 자녀의 창의적 사고력간의 관계에 미치는 자녀의 일반적 자기효능감의 매개효과 분석

성은현(Sung Eun Hyun) 한국영재교육학회 2004 영재와 영재교육 Vol.3 No.2

  The present study aimed to explore the relationships between mothers" internal locus of control, their daughters" and sons" general self-efficacy and daughters" and sons" creative thinking ability. The university students, pre-service teacher majoring in child studies and early childhood education, and their mothers were participated in this study. The students" responses on general self-efficacy scale and on creative thinking ability test and their mothers" responses on internal locus of control scale, were collected and analysed. The results were as follows: the mothers" internal locus of control was related to creative thinking ability. And self confidence, among sub-factors of general self-efficacy, was the best predictor to explain creative thinking ability. Finally the effect of mothers" internal locus of control on their daughters" and sons" creative thinking ability was mediated by their daughters" and sons" general self-efficacy. These results suggest that mother"s internal locus of control has indirect influence on their daughters" and sons" creative thinking ability, and that daughters" and sons" general self-efficacy has direct influence on their creative thinking ability.   본 연구의 목적은 어머니의 내적 통제성, 자녀의 일반적 자기효능감, 자녀의 창의적 사고 력간의 관계를 알아보는데 있다. 이를 위해 유아교육과와 아동학과 학생들에게 일반적 자기 효능감과 창의적 사고력 검사를 실시하고 그들의 어머니에게 내적 통제성 검사를 실시하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같았다. 먼저 어머니의 내적 통제성은 자녀의 창의적 사고력과 유의한 관계에 있었다. 그러나 상관의 정도는 자녀의 자기효능감과 창의적 사고력의 상관정도보다 낮았다. 둘째, 어머니의 내적 통제성은 자녀의 자기효능감을 매개로 자녀의 창의적 사고력에 영향을 미쳤다. 마지막으로 일반적 자기효능감의 하위요인 중에서 자신감이 창의적 사고력을 설명하는데 가장 유력한 요인이었다. 이러한 결과를 통해서 자녀의 창의적 사고력을 증진시키는데 어머니의 내적 통제성은 간접적인 영향을 미치며 자녀의 자기효능감은 창의적 사고력에 직접적인 영향을 미침을 알 수 있었다.

“Þat louely foode”: Relationships between Mothersand Daughters-in-law in Floris and Blancheflour and the Constance Romances

윤주옥 한국영어영문학회 2009 영어 영문학 Vol.55 No.6

In this essay, I compare the ways in which the mid-thirteenth century English romance, Floris and Blancheflour, represents relationships of the Spanish pagan queen to her adoptive Christian daughter who becomes her daughter-in-law, with the ways in which Chaucer’s Man of Law’s Tale and other so-called Constance romances delineate relationships between mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law. What draws me into these romances is the fact that they both convey the intergenerational relationships of women. However, the texts become distinct from each other in the way in which each depicts women characters and their relationships with one another. In this paper, I argue that the level of intimacy that the mother-in-law figure has with the daughter-in-law figure plays a defining role in making the former perform her agency for or against the latter. In the Man of Law’s Tale and other Constance romances, the daughter-inlaw figure is in every sense an alien or ‘outsider’ to the mother-in-law figure. To the contrary, Blancheflour in Floris is a sort of ‘insider’ to the queen because they lived in the same household for fourteen years— ever since the girl’s birth. The queen, therefore, should have a high degree of intimacy with Blancheflour. I argue that the pagan queen’s intimacy to the daughter of a Christian-European captive has enabled the queen to protect the girl as her adoptive daughter first and as a daughterin- law second, namely contributing to her unreserved endorsement of the inter-racial-religious-class union between her only son, Floris, and Blancheflour. This is one major factor that distinguishes the relationship of the queen and Blancheflour in Floris from the dysfunctional relationships of mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law in the late medieval Constance romances, where women of different generations are strangers to each other, and no way is imagined for women of different races and religions to get along with each other. In this essay, I compare the ways in which the mid-thirteenth century English romance, Floris and Blancheflour, represents relationships of the Spanish pagan queen to her adoptive Christian daughter who becomes her daughter-in-law, with the ways in which Chaucer’s Man of Law’s Tale and other so-called Constance romances delineate relationships between mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law. What draws me into these romances is the fact that they both convey the intergenerational relationships of women. However, the texts become distinct from each other in the way in which each depicts women characters and their relationships with one another. In this paper, I argue that the level of intimacy that the mother-in-law figure has with the daughter-in-law figure plays a defining role in making the former perform her agency for or against the latter. In the Man of Law’s Tale and other Constance romances, the daughter-inlaw figure is in every sense an alien or ‘outsider’ to the mother-in-law figure. To the contrary, Blancheflour in Floris is a sort of ‘insider’ to the queen because they lived in the same household for fourteen years— ever since the girl’s birth. The queen, therefore, should have a high degree of intimacy with Blancheflour. I argue that the pagan queen’s intimacy to the daughter of a Christian-European captive has enabled the queen to protect the girl as her adoptive daughter first and as a daughterin- law second, namely contributing to her unreserved endorsement of the inter-racial-religious-class union between her only son, Floris, and Blancheflour. This is one major factor that distinguishes the relationship of the queen and Blancheflour in Floris from the dysfunctional relationships of mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law in the late medieval Constance romances, where women of different generations are strangers to each other, and no way is imagined for women of different races and religions to get along with each other.

어머니의 내,외통제성과 자녀의 창의적 인성 및 창의적 사고력과의 관계 -아동학과 유아교육과 학생을 대상으로-

성은현 ( Eun Hyun Sung ) 미래유아교육학회 2004 미래유아교육학회지 Vol.11 No.4

The present study aimed to explore the relationships between the mothers` internal-external locus of control, and daughters` and sons` creative personality and creative thinking ability. The 62 students majoring in child studies and early childhood education as well as their mothers were participated in this study. The results were as follows. The mothers` internal locus of control was correlated significantly to the autonomy, openness, curiosity and total score of creative personality of their daughters and sons. And it was also correlated with the flexibility, originality and total score of creative thinking ability of their daughters and sons. But the mothers` external locus of control was not significantly correlated with those factors. The multiple regression analyses demonstrated that the mothers` internal locus of control was a significant predictor of the daughters` and sons` creative personality (autonomy, openness, curiosity and total score) and creative thinking ability (flexibility, originality and total score), while the mothers` external locus of control wasn`t a significant predictor of those factors. Finally the daughters` and sons` creative personality and creative thinking ability belonging to the high mothers` internal locus of control group are significantly higher than those of the low internal locus of control group. In contrast, there are no significant differences between the high mothers` external locus of control group and the low mothers` external locus of control group, in the daughters` and sons` creative personality and creative thinking ability. These results suggest that mothers` internal locus of control is a very important factor to facilitate their daughters` and sons` creative personality and creative thinking ability.

17세기 소설 <소현성록>연작의 여성인물 포폄(?貶)양상과 고부상(姑婦像)

정선희 ( Jeung Sun-hee ) 한국문학치료학회 2015 문학치료연구 Vol.36 No.-

본고에서는 <소현성록>연작의 여성인물에 대한 포폄 양상과 고부상, 가족관계 속에서 고부의 역할에 따른 바람직한 자질 등에 대해 논하였다. 이작품은 여성 인물들이 자신의 개성과 생각을 비교적 뚜렷이 표현하는 것으로 형상화되어 있어, 비록 최종적으로는 부정적 자질의 며느리들이 교화되기는 하지만 긍정적 자질의 시어머니·며느리들과의 대조적인 언행, 이들을 평가하는 다른 인물들과 서술자의 서술 등을 통해, 조선후기 사회에서 바람직하다고 여기던 고부의 모습, 그에 담긴 여성 교육적인 면 등을 고찰할 수 있었다. 시어머니와 며느리의 형상은 다른 가족과의 관계 속에서 비춰지고 평가되는 모습, 역할에 따른 위상 등이 중요했으며, 서술자의 논평이나 묘사 등 미시적인 부분에 주의를 기울였을 때에 온전히 드러날 수 있었다. 가족에게 교화되지 못한 며느리는 특히 남편이나 시아버지와 첨예한 갈등을 보이고 가족 모두에게 은근히 소외되는 분위기 속에서 홀로 투쟁하다가 죽어갔지만, 같은 여성인 시어머니는 조금이라도 그녀의 고통을 이해해주거나 상황이 좋은 방향으로 전환되기를 도왔다는 면에서 여성 교육적인 면과 여성 이해적인 면을 모두 보여주었다. 이 작품은 조선후기의 상층여성들이 독서했던 작품이고 가문에서 대대로 물려주던 수신서(修身書)의 역할까지 했을 정도로 교육적인 면이 강한데 그러한 면이 고부관계의 면에서도 잘 드러났다. 하지만 여성들의 생활과 심리를 이해해주는 측면이 자세하게 묘사되거나, 현실에서는 어렵겠지만 따뜻하고 친근하여 딸같이 대해주는 시어머니상을 보여주었다는 면에서 당대 여성독자들의 소망도 담아내었다고 할 수 있다. 같은 삼대록계 국문장편소설로 묶이지만 더 후대의 작품으로 추정되는 <조씨삼대록>, <임씨삼대록> 등에서는 여성들이 자신의 상황을 운명으로 받아들이면서 초월적인 힘에 의지하여 갈등이 해결되는 양상을 보이는 것에 비해, 여성의 현실을 비교적 사실적이고도 구체적으로 보여주는 작품임도 알 수 있다. This paper discusses about the aspect of evaluation of female characters, the Figures of Mothers-in-law and Daughters-in-law, and desirable qualifications for roles of mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law and so on. Female characters in this work express their individuality and thoughts comparatively clearly, so it allows to study desirable figures of mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law in late Joseon dynasty and aspects of the education of women through opposite words and behaviors of daughters-in-law with negative traits and mothers-in-law with positive traits, and narrations of other characters and a narrator who evaluate them though daughters-in-law with negative traits are edified consequently. With regard to figures of mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law, figures reflected and evaluated in relationships with other family members and status depending on roles are important, and they are entirely revealed by paying attention to microscopic factors such as comments of narrators and descriptions. Daughters-in-law who are not edified have sharp conflicts especially with husbands and fathers-in-law and die struggling alone in an atmosphere of feeling alienated from their families, but mothers-in-law understand suffering of daughters-in-law or help to lead situations to a positive way. In this aspect, the work shows aspects of both the education and understanding of women.

억압된 목소리의 복원 : 「리어의 딸들」

김종환(Jong-hwan Kim) 한국영미어문학회 2015 영미어문학 Vol.- No.118

Lear ’ s Daughters , a collaborative work by Elaine Feinstein and the WTG (Women’s Theatre Group), is a feminist revision of Shakespeare’s King Lear. It challenges the authority of the Shakespearean canon, and the collaborative writing itself is a challenge to the playwright’s originality and authorship. Lear’s Daughters tries to expose the negative aspects of the patriarchal assumptions embedded in King Lear. In the form of a prequel to the original text, Lear’s Daughters tries to justify the daughters’ ingratitude toward their father. It presents the context and motivation for their ingratitude. The play focuses on the experiences of the daughters rather than Lear’s experience. Furthermore, the play reveals the forms of women’s oppression and tries to restore the female voices suppressed by the patriarchy. Lear’s Daughters is a revision of Shakespeare’s King Lear rewritten from a feminist perspective to dismantle the patriarchal oppression of women.