Looking for the Evidence of “Self-Evident Truth”

Junoh Jang(장준오) 고려대학교 한국사연구소 2018 International Journal of Korean History Vol.23 No.2

한국창조과학회의 창조과학교육 분석

박광현 고신대학교 개혁주의학술원 2022 갱신과 부흥 Vol.30 No.-

The purpose of this study is to explore the creation science education of Korea Association for Creation Research(KACR). KACR was founded in 1981 with the help of Henry M. Morris who established Institute for Creation Research(ICR) in the USA. During the last 40 years, KACR has done a lot of things for Korean churches, Christians, and the society. KACR has about 1,300 members and most of them are scientists and professors. This is the reason why KACR focuses on creation science education for next generation and church members to formulate faith for the Creator, God. KACR has tried to form creation faith, to defense creation against evolution, to teach creation in public education, to make science educational books and materials, to develop scientific research from the perspective of creation, to suggest the Good News through science with various educational activities of creation science. The goal of this paper is to analyze the educational activities of KACR from the perspective of Reformed Christian education. First of all, we will survey the background and history of KACR. After then, we will analyze the meaning of ‘creation’ and ‘science’ from the creation science education of KACR. Based on the previous research, we can find the educational aims, purposes, contents and methods of KACR. Lastly, we will discuss the meanings of creation science education of KACR. This study focuses on the educational meanings and values of creation science education of KACR from the perspective of Reformed Christian education. 이 글의 연구 목적은 한국창조과학회(Korea Association for Creation Research, KACR)의 창조과학교육을 분석하는 것이다. 한국창조과학회는 1970년 미국에서 창조과학연구소(Institute for Creation Research, ICR)를 세운 헨리 모리스(Henry M. Morris)의 도움으로 1981년에 설립되었다. 한국창조과학회는 지난 40년 동안 한국교회와 성도들 뿐 아니라 사회를 위해 많은 활동을 하였다. 한국창조과학회는 여러 분야의 전문가로 구성되어 약 1,300명의 회원이 활동하고 있다. 이들 중 상당수가 교육자이기에 설립 초기부터 다음 세대와 성도들의 창조신앙 형성을 위한 창조과학교육에 집중해 왔다. 한국창조과학회는 창조신앙의 형성, 창조의 변증을 통한 진화론 반대, 공교육에서의 창조론 교육의 시도, 창조에 근거한 과학교육 책자와 자료 제작, 창조에 근거한 과학 학술연구, 과학을 통한 복음의 제시 등 다양한 창조과학교육을 진행해오고 있다. 이 글의 목적은 개혁주의 기독교교육의 관점에서 한국창조과학회의 교육 활동을 분석하는 것이다. 먼저 한국창조과학회의 배경과 역사를 살펴본 후, 한국창조과학회의 창조과학교육에서 ‘창조’와 ‘과학’의 의미를 분석할 것이다. 이런 분석을 기반으로 한국창조과학회의 창조과학교육의 교육목적, 교육목표, 교육내용, 교육방법을 도출하고자 한다. 이어서 창조과학교육의 의의에 대해 논의할 것이다. 이 글은 개혁주의 기독교교육의 관점에서 한국창조과학회의 창조과학교육의 교육적 의의와 가치에 대한 연구에 초점을 맞출 것이다.

The Creation Science Movement in Korea

Sang-yong Song(송상용) 고려대학교 한국사연구소 2018 International Journal of Korean History Vol.23 No.2

The Creation Science Movement in Korea: A Perspective from the History and Philosophy of Science

송상용 고려대학교 한국사연구소 2018 International Journal of Korean History Vol.23 No.2

In the seventeenth century, science and religion clashed over cosmology. The relationship between science and religion was at extreme odds at the Galileo trials but softened in the twentieth century when the Catholic Church accepted the new science. Meanwhile, the evolutionary theory proposed in the nineteenth century lowered the status of humans to animals and damaged faith in biblical inspiration. The Scopes Trial in the southern United States in the 1920s was the result of the defiance of the Protestants, who insisted on a literal interpretation of the Bible. ―Creation science,‖ which began to thrive in the western United States in the 1960s, insisted on equal time in schools alongside evolutionary theory. After re-peated defeat in court, creation science is desperately trying to get its footing in science with a new name: intelligent design. The creation science movement that came Korea in the 1980s joined hands with Christian obscurantism and is running amok. When creationism pretends to be science, it is an unfair interference of religion in science. Creation science is a pseudoscience that cannot be accepted as science.

이데올로기로서 과학과 방법론으로서 과학 - 이상 시 창작방법론에 깃든 과학의 문제

함돈균 ( Don Kyoon Hahm ) 고려대학교 민족문화연구원 2015 민족문화연구 Vol.66 No.-

This study focuses on the science as a method of Yi-sang‘s poem. Since Eulsa Treat(1905) most of the intellectual in the Japanese Rulling Era were captivated by the charms and the power of the science. They understood that Western science is a symbol of the civilization and enlightenment. Their uncritical acceptance of Western science make it science of the ideology; ‘Western science is progressive’ Yi-sang is in contrast to other intellectual in the Japanese colonial era. He was professionally educated about Western science; geometry, mathematics, physics and architecture. He consider it as universal language which embrace all the cases in a formula and a principle. In his case, Western science is often used a method of poetic creation. he regard the mathematics as a clearly examination. It is a review activity. Yi’s poem show the reader repeatedly a repetition of same word. A repetition of same word in his poem is compulsive. this compulsive repetition implies that he regard his poetic creation as a method of the science. His repetiton of same word interrogates words in his life. His poetic creation checks on whether word matches reality of the word in life. In this way, his poetic creation becoming a method of the science. his comprehension about Western science quiet differ from other intellectual in his age. I think that his comprehension about Western science and his poetic creation is unique and special. They are not the science as a ideology but as a method.

Looking for the Evidence of “Self-Evident Truth”: Creation Scientists’ Research and Identity Examined through the Methuselah Project

장준오 고려대학교 한국사연구소 2018 International Journal of Korean History Vol.23 No.2

One of the major criticisms of creation science is the assertion that creation sci-ence is not a knowledge production system but rather a collection of rhetoric and discourses based on the Bible. This means that creation scientists are not produc-ing new evidence or data but are only reinterpreting the evidence and data pro-duced by other scientists to make them fit in with the Bible. However, some crea-tion scientists have received academic degrees through methodologies required by traditional science and are conducting research in secular organizations, including universities and government institutions. Creation scientists reject the common notion that personal faith and research need to be separated. How should we un-derstand these creation scientists? In this context, this study analyzes the decade-long Methuselah Project, led by Professor Lee Eun-il (Yi Ŭnil) of Korea Universi-ty in the early 2000s. Regardless of the research team‘s belief that the Bible is an uncompromisable record of scientific and historical fact, the water canopy theory, one of the theories that the Methuselah Project aimed to verify through research, was a hypothesis derived from the Bible. Therefore it was able to play a mediating role between the immutable truth of the Bible and dynamic science. By examining the research activities of creation scientists from this perspective, it is possible to explain how creation scientists can conduct research for an already fixed conclu-sion. Moreover, this study shows us how creation scientists resolve the conflict between their personal faith and their identity as scientists.

칼빈의 자연과학 이해

이신열 ( Samuel Y Lee ) 한국개혁신학회 2018 한국개혁신학 Vol.57 No.-

This article attempts to view Calvin's understanding of natural science in following three points: theory of accommodation, nature as God's creation, and understanding of specific natural science. First, in our explanation of his theory of accommodation, we have been able to grasp how Calvin's understanding of God's absolute power influenced his doctrine of creation. The fact that God created all things in six days is an evidence that God did it in accordance with human ability to understand. Calvin, dealing with nature as God's creation, pointed out the creation is totally dependent on God and sustained by His power. Calvin did not forget to mention that there is uncertainty as well insecurity inherent in nature. Evidences for these are seen in motions of stars, water, and position of earth. By explaining these phenomena Calvin proved himself to have a considerable knowledge in the matters of natural philosophy at that time. Furthermore, Calvin revealed and praised the power of God hidden in explicable natural phenomena. Calvin, accepting the principle of natural philosophy advocated by Aristotle, showed that there are many phenomena violating this principle (e g. water not completely covering the earth). It was his argument these phenomena are made possible by immediate power of God and his providence. Finally, in his assessment of astronomy or astrology as specific natural science, Calvin focused his attention on distinguishing between true and false astrology. Astronomy or astrology was basically considered a discipline of natural science bringing benefit to human life. However, in his critic on 'judiciary' astrology, Calvin was keenly aware of the danger of distorting God's order established in the universe and estimating the future of all things according to this discipline. Calvin's basic attitude toward natural science can be seen in his argument all who are pursuing scientific knowledge should not be distorting its truth for the sake of his or her private benefit. Calvin believed that by properly searching the order found in the universe, natural science can be useful for all people.

과학을 테마로 한 3D 타입의 표현에 관한 연구

김성운(주저자) ( Sung Woon Kim ) 한국정보디자인학회 2015 정보디자인학연구 Vol.24 No.-

The beginning of science and art in the past results from a fence of ``Creation.`` 3D type up-to-date visual art, which received a science injection, is being enriched through novel imagination and creativity. Particularly, the 3D type which is created by the brilliant computer science & technology has brought about epoch-making progress. The aim of this study is to innovate scientific mind and creativity for designers, and to get an appreciator to be in contact with a higher level of up-to-date beauty through the analysis of science-themed 3D type expression, such as medical science, chemistry, physics, and mathematics, etc. The results of the analysis of science-themed 3D type expression characteristics were found to be that first, medicine-themed 3D type uses a motive of mostly the human body; second, that chemistry-themed 3D type uses mostly the chemical materials; third, that physics-themed 3D type applies mostly the high-tech IT material engineering; Fourth, engineering-themed 3D type mostly applies high-tech IT material engineering. and fifth, that mathematics-themed 3D type remakes mathematical formula, sign, and numbers. The analysed work was found to be 42 points, and appeared in the order of medicine, chemistry, physics, engineering and mathematics in its frequency. The future of science-themed 3D type is expected as its cooperation between science and art is becoming a daily routine, and science is developing through daily transformation.

과학신학 연구방법론: 과학과 신학의 대화의 방향성

장재호(Jaeho Jang) 감리교신학대학교 2020 신학과세계 Vol.- No.99

복음이 뿌리를 내리기 위해서는 토양이 상당히 중요하다. 현대는 과학이 중요하게 부각되는 시대이기에 현대의 신학은 반드시 과학과 대화를 해야 한다. 특히 다윈의 『종의 기원』의 등장은 신학계에 여러 가지 질문을 제기하고 있다. 본 글은 지금까지의 과학과 신학의 대화가 어떻게 진행되어 왔고, 앞으로의 대화가 어떻게 진행되어야 하는지에 대한 방향성을 제시한 글이다. Ⅱ장에서는 과학과 신학 간에 바람직하지 못한 대화를 추구한 “창조과학” 운동과 “지적 설계” 논쟁을 다룰 것이고, Ⅲ장에서는 과학과 신학의 경계 논쟁을 짚어볼 것이다. “상대주의적 과학관”의 등장은 과학의 정의에 새로운 논의를 불러 일으켰는데, 이로 인해 과학과 신학의 경계에 대한 논쟁이 등장했다. Ⅳ장에서는 과학신학 연구의 최근 동향을 살펴보고, 과학적 무신론에 대한 대응 방향과 앞으로의 과학신학이 나아가야 할 방향에 대해 고찰해 볼 것이다. 결론에서는 글을 마무리하며, 과학신학의 가능성과 한계점을 간략히 논할 것이다. 이 글의 목적은 과학시대를 살아가는 현대인들에게, 하나님의 창조 사역이 현대 과학과 모순되지 않을 뿐만 아니라, 오히려 과학의 도움으로 더욱 생생하게 드러나게 됨을 논증하는데 있다. 또한 과학신학이 어디에 중점을 두어야 하며, 어떤 방향으로 나아가야 하는지에 대한 필자의 생각을 나누는 데에도 목적이 있다. This article examines the methodology of a scientific theology, focusing on the dialogue between science and theology. I analyze the past and present dialogue between science and theology to give direction to the future study of “scientific theology.” The main discussion is divided into three parts. First, I expound “creation science” and “intelligent design” as undesirable conversations between science and theology. The second part focuses on the boundary between science and theology. Relativism and the demarcation problem between science and theology deserve the fullest consideration to improve research. The third part of the main discussion relates to the recent research trend of scientific theology and my suggestion for its future study as a challenge against the New Atheists. After providing a short summary of the key points raised, I conclude with suggestions regarding the possibilities and limitations of scientific theology. I hope that these reflections will add scholars in the comparative study of science and theology and help Christians who live in a scientific age to gain a proper understanding of the relationship between science and theology.

과학시대의 목회적 돌봄

장재호(Jae-Ho Jang) 감리교신학대학교 2022 신학과세계 Vol.- No.102

현대 과학의 발전과 함께 목회 현장에는 새로운 질문들이 제기되고 있다. 무신론적 과학주의자들은 과학적으로 설명되지 않는 성서의 창조, 기적, 종교 경험 등을 인정하지 않는다. 뇌 과학의 발전으로 인간의 모든 행동이 뇌의 작용으로 설명 가능하기에 인간에게 자유의지란 없다고 주장하는 학자들도 있다. 진화 생물학, 빅뱅 우주론 등이 제기하는 우주와 생명에 대한 이해는 기독교적 가치관과 쉽게 조화되지 않아 보인다. 목회적 돌봄은 가치관의 혼란으로 인해 실존적 고민 중에 있는 사람들을 포함해야 한다. 특히 학교에서 진화론을 포함한 자연과학을 배우며 혼란을 느끼고 있는 청소년들, 과학을 전공하며 자신의 전공 분야와 교회의 가르침 속에서 갈등을 느끼는 신앙인들, 무신론적 과학주의자들의 공격으로 인해 기독교 신앙에 본질적 회의를 느끼는 기독교인들 모두가 돌봄의 대상이다. 따라서 필자는 본 논문에서 현대과학이 제기하는 여러 신앙적 난제들에 대해 어떻게 목회적 돌봄을 제공할 수 있을지를 고찰해 보고자 한다. 먼저 창조과학과 지적 설계에 매료되어 과학과의 대화를 거부하는 기독교인들에게 어떻게 과학신학의 입장에서 목회적 돌봄을 제공할 수 있을지를 탐구할 것이다. 이어서 진화 생물학, 빅뱅 우주론, 양자역학 등이 기독교 신앙과 어떻게 조화될 수 있을지를 고민하며, 과학 이론과 기독교 신앙의 건전한 대화가 과학시대를 살아가는 기독교인들에게 상당한 유익을 제공할 수 있음을 논할 것이다. 마지막으로 복음을 각 시대의 언어로 해석하는 것의 중요성에 대해 논하고, 결국 이것이 목회적 돌봄에서 꼭 필요한 것임을 강조할 것이다. With the development of modern science, new questions are being raised in the field of ministry. Atheistic scientists do not accept biblical creation, miracles, and religious experiences that are not scientifically explained. With the development of brain science, there are scholars who argue that human beings do not have free will because all human behavior can be explained by the operation of the brain. It seems that it does not easily harmonize with the Christian values and the understanding of the universe and life suggested by evolutionary biology and the big bang cosmology. Pastoral care should include those who are in existential distress because of the confusion of values. In particular, youth who are confused while learning natural sciences including evolution at school, believers who major in science and feel conflict between their field of study and the teachings of the church, and those who feel fundamental skepticism about the Christian faith due to attacks by atheistic scientists are subject to pastoral care. Therefore, in this thesis, I would like to consider how pastoral care can be provided for the various religious challenges posed by modern science. First, we will explore how to provide pastoral care from the perspective of scientific theology for church members who are fascinated by creation science and intelligent design and refuse to communicate with science. Next, we will consider how evolutionary biology, big bang cosmology, quantum mechanics, etc. can be reconciled with the Christian faith, and discuss that a healthy dialogue between scientific theory and Christian faith can provide significant benefits to Christians living in the scientific age. Finally, we will discuss the importance of interpreting the gospel in the language of each age, emphasizing that it is essential in pastoral care.