저소득층 가정 아동의 자아지각, 어머니의 양육 스트레스가 문제 행동에 미치는 영향:양부모 가정과 이혼 가정의 비교를 중심으로

한준아 한국아동권리학회 2010 아동과 권리 Vol.14 No.3

The purposes of this study were to explore the differences in children's behavior problems, self-perceived competence and mothers' childrearing stress by children's sex and parental divorce and to investigate the relationships of children's behavior problems with children's self-perceived competence and maternal childrearing stress in low income families. Subjects of this study were 166 children of 4 to 6 grades and their mothers from low income divorced and intact families. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, two-way ANOVAs, Pearson's correlations, and multiple regressions. The result were as follows:(1)Children's behavior problems were not different by children's sex but between the children of divorce and intact families. Children of divorce families had more internalized behavior problems than the children of intact families. Children's self-perceived competence were not significantly different by children's sex and parental divorce, except for physical competence and behaviors domain. Boys had better perception on themselves in physical competence than girls. In divorce families, girls had better perception on themselves in behaviors domain than boys, but boys had better perception on themselves in behaviors domain than girls in intact families. Mothers' childrearing stress were not significantly different by children's sex but parental divorce. Mothers of divorced families had more childrearing stresses than mothers of intact families. (2)In divorced families, children's self-perception of appearance and maternal childrearing stress accounted for children's internalized behavior problems. In intact families, children's self-perception of global self-worth and maternal childrearing stress accounted for children's internalized behavior problems. And maternal childrearing stress accounted for children's externalized behavior problems in both divorced and intact families. 본 연구에서는 저소득층 아동을 대상으로 아동의 문제 행동, 자아지각, 어머니의 양육 스트레스가 부모의 이혼 여부와 아동의 성에 따라 차이가 있는지 살펴보고자 하였다. 또한 아동의 자아지각과 어머니의 양육 스트레스가 문제 행동에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 본 연구는 서울 지역의 초등학교에 다니고 있는 4~6학년 아동 중 이혼 가정 아동 83명, 양부모 가정 아동 83명, 총 166명의 아동과 그들의 어머니 166명을 대상으로 조사를 수행하여, 각 변인에 대한 기술적 통계치, 이원변량 분석, Pearson의 적률상관계수, 중다회귀분석을 사용하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 저소득층 아동의 문제 행동은 아동의 성에 따라 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 부모의 이혼 여부에 따라 내재화 문제 행동에 유의한 차이가 나타나, 이혼 가정의 아동이 양부모 가정 아동보다 내재화 문제 행동을 많이 나타냈다. 그러나 외현화 문제 행동에서는 부모 이혼 여부에 따른 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 자아지각의 하위 영역 중 ‘신체적 능력’에 대해서는 남아가 여아보다 자신의 신체 능력에 대해 더 높게 지각하는 것으로 나타났으나, ‘인지 능력’, ‘사회적 수용’, ‘외모’, ‘전반적 지각’에 대한 자아지각에서는 성차가 나타나지 않았으며, 부모의 이혼 여부에 따른 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 그러나 ‘행동’에 대한 자아지각에서는 아동의 성과 부모의 이혼 여부에 따른 상호작용 효과가 나타났다. 저소득층 어머니의 양육 스트레스는 아동의 성에 따른 차이는 나타나지 않았으나, 이혼 여부에 따라 차이가 나타나서, 이혼 가정의 어머니가 양부모 가정 어머니보다 양육에 관한 스트레스를 많이 지각하였다. 이혼 가정 아동은 자신의 외모에 대한 지각을 낮게 지각할수록, 어머니가 아동이 내재화 문제 행동을 많이 보인다고 보고하였으며, 양부모 가정 아동은 자신의 가치를 낮게 지각할수록, 어머니가 아동이 내재화 문제 행동을 많이 보인다고 보고하였다. 이혼 가정과 양부모 가정의 어머니가 자녀 양육에 관해 스트레스를 더 많이 받는다고 지각할수록, 아동이 내재화, 외현화 문제 행동을 많이 보인다고 보고하였다.

부모효능감 및 부모역할수행이 아동의 문제행동과 내면적 증세에 미치는 영향: 이혼가정과 양부모가정의 학령기 아동에 관한 연구

이혜승,이순형 한국인간발달학회 2003 人間發達硏究 Vol.10 No.1

Using a sample of 248 school-aged children and their mothers, this article investigated the differences of parental efficacy and practices between divorced and non-divorced mothers. Also, this study examined emotional and behavioral problems and internalized symptom of children from divorced and non-divorced families. Results suggest that divorced mothers have lower parental efficacy and show more authoritarian parenting practices than non-divorced mothers do. Generally, children from divorced families show more adjustment problems than children from non-divorced families. Differences in children's adjustment problems between divorced and non-divorced families can be explained by parental efficacy and practices. Discussion and suggestions for future study are addressed.

비이혼가정 자녀의 이혼지각 및 또래애착에 관한 연구

김예리 ( Yea Lee Kim ),김양희 ( Yang Hee Kim ) 중앙대학교 생활문화산업연구소 [ 구-생활과학연구소] 2005 생활과학논집 Vol.21 No.-

Divorced-family children suffer many maladjustments and difficulties because of their parents` divorce, and school-aged children among them have much more difficulties, especially in establishing peer relationships. Though some causes of the relationship difficulty may be attributed to divorced-family children, the interrelationship between divorced- and not-divorced-family children is also important in this matter. So this thesis attempts to examine how not-divorced-family children recognize divorce and how the recognition influences com- panion relationship. Its method is by making researches on demographic-socio-logical and family traits, divorce recognition factors, family value factors, and peer attachment factors of the subjects of 722 not-divorced-family children, and its purpose is to help them establish smooth relationships with divorced-family children.

저소득층 아동이 지각하는 어머니 양육 행동과 어머니가 지각하는 가족 스트레스: 이혼 가정과 양부모 가정 중심으로

한준아 ( Jun Ah Han ) 대한가정학회 2010 Human Ecology Research(HER) Vol.48 No.8

The purposes of this study were to explore the differences in maternal parenting behaviors and mothers` family stress by children`s sex and parental divorce and to investigate the relationships of maternal parenting behaviors with mothers` family stress in low income families. Participants of this study were 166 children of 4 to 6 grades and their mothers from low income divorced and intact families. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, two-way ANOVAs, Pearson`s correlations. The result were as follows: Girls perceived more maternal warmth than boys in divorce families, but boys perceived more maternal warmth than girls in intact families. Boys perceived more maternal supervision than girls in intact and divorced families. Mother of divorced families had more childrearing stress than mothers of intact familes. In divorced families, children whose mothers had high levels of childrearing stress perceived less maternal warmth and supervision, and children whose mothers had high levels of work-family conflicts perceived less maternal warmth. In intact families, children whose mothers had high levels of economic stress perceived less maternal supervision.

이혼가정 자녀에 관한 국내 연구 동향 분석

신민정,임춘희 대한가정학회 2023 Human Ecology Research(HER) Vol.61 No.4

This study examined the trends of domestic academic research on children of divorced families by classifying them by period, method, target, and subject. From 2000 to 2022, 105 papers published in 58 journals were surveyed. In terms of research methods, quantitative research was conducted using questionnaires and panel data. The subjects of the reviewed studies were mainly elementary school children, and there were many studies on both divorced single mother and child families as well as divorced single father and child families. By analyzing the core subjects of the study, papers related to children's personal adaptation accounted for the largest proportion, followed by problematic behaviors, psychological difficulties, such as depression and stress, and relationships. In conclusion, due to the high divorce rate in Korea there is a need to focus academic attention on the children of divorced families. To this end, it is necessary to study the adaptation and protection factors of the children of divorced families. More qualitative research should be conducted on children of divorced families of various ages, not just elementary school students.

이혼가정 아동의 학교적응유연성과 관련된 보호요인

김민강 ( Min Kang Kim ),이희영 ( Hee Yeong Lee ),최태진 ( Tae Jin Choi ) 한국아동교육학회 2012 아동교육 Vol.21 No.2

본 연구는 이혼가정 아동의 학교적응유연성과 관련이 있는 보호요인을 탐색하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 이러한 연구 목적을 달성하기 위하여 초등학교 5,6학년 아동을 대상으로 이혼가정 아동 256명과 비이혼가정 아동 275명을 대상으로 학교적응유연성 및 자기효능감, 대인관계기술, 부모양육태도 자료를 수집하였다. 수집된 자료는 연구문제에 따라 t검증, 적률상관 및 판별분석 방법으로 통계적 분석을 수행하였다. 주요 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 이혼가정 아동은 비이혼가정 아동에 비하여 대체로 학교적응유연성이 낮았다. 둘째, 이혼·비이혼 가정 모두에서 아동의 학교적응유연성은 자기효능감 보호변인과 가장 높은 정적상관을 나타내었다. 그러나 다수의 보호변인들은 아동이 속한 가정의 형태(비이혼 가정, 부-동거 이혼 가정, 모-동거 이혼 가정)에 따라 학교적응유연성과의 관계에서 차이를 보였다. 셋째, 8개 보호요인을 투입변인으로 설정하여 이혼가정 아동의 학교적응유연성 수준에 대한 예측력을 분석한 결과 부-동거·모-동거 아동집단에 따라 상대적으로 관련성이 보다 높은 몇 개의 보호변인들을 확인할 수 있었다. 특히 교사지지 변인의 경우, 상관분석결과에서와 마찬가지로 모-동거 아동 집단에서 아동의 학교흥미, 규범준수, 학교유연성전체 수준을 예측할 수 있도록 해주는 중요한 보호변인으로 나타났다. This study investigated the influence of protective factors on elementary school children from divorced families. The data for this study were collected from 5th and 6th grade elementary students in Busan from 265 divorced families and 275 non-divorced families. Participants completed Scales of Self-efficacy, Interpersonal relationships, Parenting Attitude, Social Support, Family Support, Teacher Support and Friend Support. Collected data were analyzed using t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient, stepwise multiple regression and discriminant analysis. Results of this study showed that significant differences in school adjustment resilience exist between children from divorced families. This study also found that children from non-divorced families and protective factors investigated in this study were mostly statistically significantly related to school adjustment resilience regardless of family type and effectively discriminated children from divorced families and non-divorced ones. This study has important implications in that it investigated the protective factors related to children from divorced families for the first time.

Family-School Relations and School Adjustment of Children with Divorced Mothers: Testing Epstein's Parent Involvement Theory

Chung Ha-Na,Yi Soon-Hyung The Korean Home Economics Association 2005 International Journal of Human Ecology Vol.6 No.2

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of family-school relations on children's school adjustment with divorced mothers. Subcategories of the family-school relations were family participation in decision making, family help for schools, learning activities at home, school help for families, and school-home communication adopted from Epstein's parent involvement theory. Sub categories of children's school adjustment were delinquent behavior and academic achievement. The sample of this study included 3,367 children from first to fifth grade who lived either in a two-parent or one-parent home. Among them, 411 children with divorced mothers were analyzed. Independent t-test, Pearson's correlations, stepwise regression analysis were all conducted. Findings suggested that children with divorced mothers showed higher delinquency and lower academic achievement than children in intact families. Sub categories of family involvement and school involvement were correlated in divorced families. Children's delinquency was predicted by three of the family-school relation factors, which were school-home communication, family help for schools, and school help for families. Children's academic achievement was predicted by ail factors.

이혼가정 학부모와 자녀 이해 및 지원을 위한 초등 학급 경영

박남기 ( Park Nam Gi ) 한국초등교육학회 2003 초등교육연구 Vol.16 No.2

최근 5년 사이에 이혼률이 급증하여 사회와 학교는 이러한 상황 변화에 미처 대처하지 못하고 있다. 그 결과 많은 초등학교 교사들이 이러한 배경을 가진 가정의 아이들을 지도하고, 이 아이의 학부모와의 관계를 정립하는 데 있어서 큰 애로를 겪고 있다고 한다. 이 연구는 우리 나라 초등학교 중에서 이혼가정 학생 비율이 상당히 높은 것으로 알려진 전남지역 초등학교를 대상으로 하여 이혼가정 실태를 분석하고, 교사가 학생과 학부모와의 관계에서 직면하고 있는 어려움과 노력을 밝히며, 이혼가정 학생 지도를 위한 교사의 학급경영 방안 및 이에 대한 지원책을 모색할 목적으로 수행되었다. 연구 결과 이혼가정 학생의 실태가 생각보다 심각한 수준이며 교사들이 많은 어려움을 겪고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 교사들은 이혼가정 학생지도를 위해 나름대로 노력하고 있으나 그 효과를 높이기 위해 국가와 교육청 차원의 지원이 절실한 것으로 나타났다. The divorced family have increased tremendously in ten years. Korea ranks top three in divorce rate among OCED countries. The rate of children of divorce in the remote and alienated areas is higher than of the city and privileged areas. The Korean society and schools have not prepared well this rapid change. It is known that emotional support in the classroom setting is effective in helping children of divorce cope with their situations. This article chooses Chonnam Province which is one of the remote area and discloses the rate of children of divorce, problems that teachers have in helping these children and parents, the support that teacher gives them, and the support that teacher expects from school, school districts, and government. The rate of students non-traditional family (includes divorce family) is 5.5% (big city area: 3.2%, small town area: 6.2%, rural area: 15.7%). Around half schools that have more than 10% of non-traditional family. The problems that teacher have in helping these students are lacking counseling and behavior management skills, time, financial support, and social prejudice. Elementary school curricula imply that traditional family is normal and strengthen the family value. Some teachers are reconstruct the curricula and let students understand and cope with the new situation. Teachers in a remote area try to take on a parental role and it is quite successful to students who are abandoned by their parents. Some teachers even pay fees for extra curricula activities for these students. Teachers wish that school has counselors or school psychologists who can help them in dealing with problems caused by divorce. It is expected by teachers that changes on elementary school curricula as well as teacher education and training program on family value and divorce.

이혼가정아동의 우울: 가족유형별 비교를 중심으로

지선례 ( Seon Rye Ji ),이숙 ( Sook Lee ) 대한가정학회 2012 Human Ecology Research(HER) Vol.50 No.3

This research focuses on the characteristics of children of divorced families, particularly their psychological adaptations. A questionnaire was given to elementary school-aged children(grades 3-6). 310 children from divorced families were surveyed. The major findings were as follows: first, there were no statistically significant differences between depression scores by family structure among these children. Second, the variables that affected depression among the divorced family children were relatively different. Third, through this comparison, this study examined the relative influence of variables that affected children`s depression. This study proposes interventions to improve their psychological adaptation mechanisms.

이혼가정 자녀가 인식하는 교사의 표상과 친구의 의미에 관한 질적 연구-교사연수 및 학교상담에의 함의

안희란 ( An Hee Lan ),김연진 ( Kim Yeon Jin ) 한국청소년복지학회 2018 청소년복지연구 Vol.20 No.3

The purpose of this study is to explore a role model from a teacher and the meaning of a friend which a child of a divorced family perceive. An in-depth interview was conducted for this study. Six participants were composed of males and females. They were studying at university or graduated from university. Findings showed that role models from a teacher whom children in divorced families perceived, were ‘a teacher presenting sympathy that children living with a divorced parent do not want,’ ‘a teacher who either is indifferent or evasive,’ and ‘a teacher who is negligent.’ In other words, these role models from teachers could make students hurt. In case of ‘a teacher presenting sympathy that children living with a divorced parent do not want,’ there emerged a stereotype which refers to general and abstract knowledge on characteristics of certain grouped people and expresses a bias in the aspect of a divorced family. In terms of a bias in the emotional perspective, a role model, an evasive teacher represented his or her negative and hostile feeling on a certain grouped people. 'A negligent teacher' represented a behavior giving students a disadvantage based on the name of the student group as a bias in the behavioral aspect. ‘Meaning of a friend’ drew results: ‘a person by whom children of the divorced family are intimidated’ ‘a person feeling sympathy,’ and ‘a person having no bias on children of a divorced family.’ The meaning of friend whom children with a divorced parent have has differently meant over time. As a result of this, it showed how children of a divorced family overcome this problem that children with a divorced parent are vulnerably to reveal themselves. Based on results, implications for teacher training and school counseling were suggested.