ACTIVE FAULT-TOLERANT CONTROL OF INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVES IN EV AND HEV AGAINST SENSOR FAILURES USING A FUZZY DECISION SYSTEM

M. E. H. BENBOUZID,D. DIALLO,M. ZERAOULIA,F. ZIDANI 한국자동차공학회 2006 International journal of automotive technology Vol.7 No.6

This paper describes an active fault-tolerant control system for an induction motor drive that propels an Electrical Vehicle (EV) or a Hybrid one (HEV). The proposed system adaptively reorganizes itself in the event of sensor loss or sensor recovery to sustain the best control performance given the complement of remaining sensors. Moreover, the developed system takes into account the controller transition smoothness in terms of speed and torque transients. In this paper which is the sequel of (Diallo et al., 2004), we propose to introduce more advanced and intelligent control techniques to improve the global performance of the fault-tolerant drive for automotive applications (e.g. EVs or HEVs). In fact, two control techniques are chosen to illustrate the consistency of the proposed approach: sliding mode for encoder-based control; and fuzzy logics for sensorless control. Moreover, the system control reorganization is now managed by a fuzzy decision system to improve the transitions smoothness. Simulations tests, in terms of speed and torque responses, have been carried out on a 4㎾ induction motor drive to evaluate the consistency and the performance of the proposed fault-tolerant control approach.

Automotive Controls and Maneuvering Complexity

Sun Jung Lee 대한인간공학회 2014 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.11

With the development of in-vehicle information systems, a driver is required to handle various types of information while driving. Complicated automotive controls and multi-tasking situations while driving can be often found nowadays. A driver is now required to focus on driving while answering phone calls, listening to music, watching a navigation display and pressing controls. Not only multi-tasks and complicated interface distract the driver, but also driver’s ability and environment matters. Vehicle automation is another matter that needs to be discussed with driving complexity. Even through human capability of handling information is beyond our imagination, human mental resource is limited and therefore many car accidents occur every year. The aim of this study is to provide further understanding of automotive controls and maneuvering complexity through extensive literature reviews. In this study, we will examine existing studies on automotive controls and maneuvering complexity from various academic fields. This study will provide many perspectives on how we can see complexity from different point of views and find some design factors that may have an effect on maneuvering complexity. By studying automotive controls and maneuvering complexity, this study will help you understand with control design factors which may have an effect on driver’s driving performance. We expect this study will provide an idea to automotive control designers in the field of industry and a general understanding on overall automotive driving complexity, especially on maneuvering complexity in the field of human computer interaction.

Co-FXLMS 알고리듬을 이용한 급가속시 자동차 흡기계의 능등소음제어

오재응(Jae-Eung Oh),이경태(Gyeong-Tae Lee),이해진(Hae-Jin Lee),방승우(Seung-Woo Bang),이정윤(Jung-Youn Lee) 한국자동차공학회 2006 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

The method of the reduction of the automotive induction noise can be classified by the method of passive control and the method of active control. However, the passive control method has a demerit to reduce the effect of noise reduction at low frequency (below 500㎐) range and to be limited by a space of the engine room. Whereas, the active control method can overcome the demerit of passive control method. The algorithm of active control is mostly used the LMS (Least-Mean-Square) algorithm because the LMS algorithm can easily obtain the complex transfer function in real-time. Especially, When the Filtered-X LMS (FXLMS) algorithm is applied to an ANC system. However, the convergence performance of LMS algorithm goes bad when the FXLMS algorithm is applied to an active control of the induction noise under rapidly accelerated driving conditions. Thus Co-FXLMS algorithm was developed to improve the control performance under the rapid acceleration. The Co-FXLMS algorithm is realized by using an estimate of the cross correlation between the adaptation error and the filtered input signal to control the step size. In this paper, the performance of the Co-FXLMS is presented in comparison with that of the FXLMS algorithm. Experimental results show that active noise control using Co-FXLMS is effective to reduce automotive induction noise under the rapid acceleration.

Digital State Feedback Current Control using the Pole Placement Technique

Hyun-Su Bae,Jeong-Hwan Yang,Jae-Ho Lee,Bo-Hyung Cho 전력전자학회 2007 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.7 No.3

A digital state feedback control method for the current mode control of DC-DC converters is proposed in this paper. This approach can precisely achieve interleaved current sharing among the converter modules. As the controller design and system analysis are performed in the time domain, the proposed method can easily satisfy the required converter specification by using the pole placement technique. The digital state feedback controller in the continuous and discrete time domain is derived for the robust tracking control. For the verification of the proposed control scheme, a parallel module bi-directional converter in a prototype 42V/14V hybrid automotive power system, which is a design example in the continuous time domain, and a parallel module buck converter, which is a design example in the discrete time domain, are implemented using a TMS320F2812 digital signal processor (DSP).

ACTIVE FAULT-TOLERANT CONTROL OF INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVES IN EV AND HEV AGAINST SENSOR FAILURES USING A FUZZY DECISION SYSTEM

Benbouzid, M.E.H.,Diallo, D.,Zeraoulia, M.,Zidani, F. The Korean Society of Automotive Engineers 2006 International journal of automotive technology Vol.7 No.6

This paper describes an active fault-tolerant control system for an induction motor drive that propels an Electrical Vehicle(EV) or a Hybrid one(HEV). The proposed system adaptively reorganizes itself in the event of sensor loss or sensor recovery to sustain the best control performance given the complement of remaining sensors. Moreover, the developed system takes into account the controller transition smoothness in terms of speed and torque transients. In this paper which is the sequel of (Diallo et al., 2004), we propose to introduce more advanced and intelligent control techniques to improve the global performance of the fault-tolerant drive for automotive applications(e.g. EVs or HEVs). In fact, two control techniques are chosen to illustrate the consistency of the proposed approach: sliding mode for encoder-based control; and fuzzy logics for sensorless control. Moreover, the system control reorganization is now managed by a fuzzy decision system to improve the transitions smoothness. Simulations tests, in terms of speed and torque responses, have been carried out on a 4-kW induction motor drive to evaluate the consistency and the performance of the proposed fault-tolerant control approach.

차량용 LED 매트릭스 헤드램프 제어를 위한LED 제어 프로토콜 설계 및 제어기 구현

이창민,김원채,양성현,이성수 한국전기전자학회 2023 전기전자학회논문지 Vol.27 No.4

Automotive headlamp with LED matrix exploits low-cost low-speed serial buses such as I2C and SPI for digitalLED control. When headlamp resolution increases, LED control data significantly increases to exceed capacity ofcontrol bus. This paper proposes HLCP (Headlamp LED Control Protocol), a novel LED maxtrix headlamp protocol. The proposed protocol exploits dedicated instructions to control many LEDs simultaneously, so it can controlmuch more LEDs than conventional control buses although it is basically based on I2C bus. It is designed andverified in Verilog HDL. Simulation results show that HLCP can control LED matrix headlamp more efficiently thanI2C and SPI LED 매트릭스를 사용하는 차량용 헤드램프에서 LED의 디지털 제어는 I2C, SPI 등의 저가격 저속 직렬 버스를 사용하여 왔으나헤드램프의 해상도가 증가하면서 LED 제어를 위해 전송해야 하는 데이터의 양이 너무 많아 제어 버스의 전송 능력을 초과하게 된다. 본 논문에서는 새로운 차량용 LED 매트릭스 헤드램프 제어 프로토콜인 HLCP(Headlamp LED Control Protocol)을 제안한다. 제안하는 프로토콜은 많은 LED를 하나의 명령어로 제어하는 명령어를 사용하여 I2C 버스를 거의 그대로 사용하면서도 훨씬 많은 LED를 제어할 수 있다. 제안하는 프로토콜을 수행하는 컨트롤러를 Verilog HDL로 구현 및 검증하였으며 시뮬레이션 결과 LED매트릭스 헤드램프를 I2C나 SPI보다 효율적으로 제어할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

Digital State Feedback Current Control using the Pole Placement Technique

Bae, Hyun-Su,Yang, Jeong-Hwan,Lee, Jae-Ho,Cho, Bo-Hyung The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2007 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.7 No.3

A digital state feedback control method for the current mode control of DC-DC converters is proposed in this paper. This approach can precisely achieve interleaved current sharing among the converter modules. As the controller design and system analysis are performed in the time domain, the proposed method can easily satisfy the required converter specification by using the pole placement technique. The digital state feedback controller in the continuous and discrete time domain is derived for the robust tracking control. For the verification of the proposed control scheme, a parallel module bi-directional converter in a prototype 42V/14V hybrid automotive power system, which is a design example in the continuous time domain, and a parallel module buck converter, which is a design example in the discrete time domain, are implemented using a TMS320F2812 digital signal processor (DSP).

자동차 전장제품의 무연솔더 적용기술 및 솔더 접합부 열화거동

홍원식,오철민,Hong, Won Sik,Oh, Chul Min 대한용접접합학회 2013 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.31 No.3

Due to ELV banning, automotive electronics cannot use four kinds of heavy metal element (Pb, Hg, Cd, $Cr^{6+}$) from 2016. Therefore, this study was focused on degradation characteristics of Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu Lead-free solder joint with OSP and ENIG finsh under various reliability assessment method, as like to thermal shock test and high temeprature/high humidity test with test duration for cabin electronics. Also, we compared bonding strength degradation to other advanced research results of electronic control unit for engine room because of difference service temperature with mount location in automotive. Whisker growth phenomenon and mitigation method which were essentially consideration items for Pb-free car electronics were examined. Conformal coating is a strong candidate for mitigating whisker growth in automotive electronics. Necessary condition to adapt Pb-free in car electronics was shown.

비동기 이중화 시스템의 센서 SENT protocol 신호 간 단락 고장 검출 알고리즘에 관한 사례 연구

서동균(Dongkyun Seo),황대훈(Daehun Hwang) 한국자동차공학회 2022 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.6

In a redundant distributed system due to functional safety, etc., the physical distance between controllers may be very close. If the physical distance is close, there is a high possibility of interference between the controller and the connected sensor signal line. To prevent this, SAE J2716 SENT (Single Edge Nibble Transmission) is used, but when a short circuit occurs between physical lines, there is a case where the failure cannot be detected. In this case, an erroneous signal may be transmitted to the controller and pose a risk to the driver. To solve this problem, this paper describes a case study for detecting a failure when a physical short circuit occurs in each controller sensor signal line for the SENT signal of the sensor used in the asynchronous redundant vehicle distributed system controller.

차량용 연료전지 냉각시스템 제어 알고리즘 특성 연구

한재영(Jae Young Han),박지수(Ji Soo Park),유상석(Sangseok Yu) 대한기계학회 2016 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.40 No.1

차량용 연료전지의 부하 변동시 열관리는 성능과 내구성에 직결되기 때문에 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 작동 부하 조건 내에 온도를 유지할 수 있도록 하기 위한 열관리 시스템용 선형 상태 궤환 제어기를 설계하였다. 차량용 연료전지 열관리 모델은 레저버, 라디에이터, 바이패스 밸브, 팬 그리고 냉각수 펌프 등으로 구성하였으며, MATLAB/SIMULINK<SUP>®</SUP>으로 개발하였다. 시스템 모델의 비선형성으로 인해, 부하 조건 0.5 A/㎠ ~ 0.7 A/㎠ 에서 온도 제어 지령을 정상적으로 달성하기 위해 PWM(Pulse Width Modulation)과 수정된 상태 궤환 제어기를 적용하였고 제어 알고리즘의 성능은 ITAE(Integral time weighted error)로 평가하였다. 수정된 상태 궤환 제어기가 저 부하 구간에서 다른 알고리즘에 비해 더 효율적으로 온도를 제어하는 것을 확인하였다. Thermal management of a fuel cell is important to satisfy the requirements of durability and efficiency under varying load conditions. In this study, a linear state feedback controller was designed to maintain the temperature within operating conditions. Due to the nonlinearity of automotive fuel cell system, the state feedback controller results in marginal stable under load condition from 0.5 A/㎠ to 0.7 A/㎠. A PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) and the modified state feedback controller are applied to control the temperature under the load condition from 0.5 A/㎠ to 0.7 A/㎠. The cooling system model is composed of a reservoir, radiator, bypass valve, fan, and a water pump. The performance of the control algorithm was evaluated in terms of the integral time weighted absolute error (ITAE). Additionally, MATLAB/SIMULINK<SUP>®</SUP> was used for the development of the system models and controllers. The modified state feedback controller was found to be more effective for controlling temperature than other algorithms when tested under low load conditions.