주박과 누룩의 추출물에 의한 지방세포형성억제, 항염증 및 항성장 활성

손정빈(Jung-Bin Son),이승훈(Seung Hoon Lee),손호용(Ho-Yong Sohn),신우창(Woo-Chang Shin),김종식(Jong-Sik Kim) 한국생명과학회 2015 생명과학회지 Vol.25 No.7

본 연구에서는 5종의 주박과 누룩의 추출물 및 유기용매 분획물을 제조하고, 이들에 의한 지방세포형성억제, 항염증 및 항성장 활성을 연구하였다. 지방세포형성억제 활성 연구를 위하여 마우스 전지방 세포인 3T3-L1 세포주에 지방세포형성을 유도한 후 추출물 및 분획물 5종을 처리하였다. 처리한 시료 중 W-Ju의 에틸아세테이트 분획물(WPAc)이 가장 뚜렷한 지방세포형성 억제 활성을 보여 주었다. 이것은 oil red O 염색과 pro-adipogenic 유전자의 발현 감소에 의해 증명되었다. 또한, WPAc의 처리는 시간 의존적으로 PPAR-gamma 유전자의 발현을 감소시켰다. 항염증 연구를 위하여 RAW 264.7 세포주에서 5종의 시료에 의한 nitric oxide (NO) 생산에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 5종의 시료 중 B-Ju의 에틸아세테이트 분획물(PAc)의 처리에 의해 LPS로 활성화된 RAW 264.7 세포에서 NO 생산이 가장 높게 저해되었고, 또한 농도 의존적인 저해 양상을 보여 주었다. 게다가, PAc는 인간 대장암 세포주인 HCT116의 세포 생존율을 현저하게 감소시켰으며, 또한 농도의존적인 생존율 저해 양상을 보여 주었다. 또한, PAc는 NAG-1과 ATF3 유전자의 발현도 농도 의존적으로 감소 시켰다. 종합적으로, 이러한 연구결과는 주박과 누룩이 지방세포형성억제 활성, 항염증 활성 그리고 항성장 활성 등 다양한 생리활성을 가지고 있음을 시사한다. This study examined extracts from five different kinds of lees and nuruk and their organic solvent fractions in terms of several biological functions, such as anti-adipogenic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative activities. The anti-adipogenic activity was investigated by treating mouse pre-adipocyte 3T3-L1 cells with one extract (YE) and four organic solvent fractions (YAc, PAc, RAc, and WPAc) during adipogenesis. Among the treated samples, the ethyl acetate fraction of W-Ju lees (WPAc) showed the strongest anti-adipogenic effect, which was confirmed with oil red O staining and down-regulation of pro-adipogenic genes such as PPAR-gamma and SCD-1. Treatment with WPAc also reduced the expression of PPAR-gamma in a time-dependent manner. The effects of five different extracts were examined on nitric oxide (NO) production in mouse RAW 264.7 cells to determine anti-inflammatory activity. The ethyl acetate fraction of B-Ju lees (PAc) significantly decreased NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and it also inhibited NO production in a dose-dependent manner. The PAc fraction also dramatically decreased the viability of human colorectal cancer HCT116 cells in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, PAc increased the expression of NAG-1 and ATF3 genes in a dose dependent manner. Overall, these results indicate that lees and nuruk have several biological functions, including anti-adipogenic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative activities.

숙성 기간에 따른 간장의 항암 효과

허진영,김민정,홍상필,양혜정 한국식생활문화학회 2020 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.35 No.2

Ganjang and doenjang are known as major fermented soy-based foods in Koreans. Current investigations have proved that fermented soybean foods impart anti-cancer, anti-obesity, and anti-diabetic effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-cancer activities of commercialized soy food, Ganjang, as a function of aging period. The test groups were classified into four time periods-short (under 5 years, S group), mid (under 10 years, M group), long (under 15 years, L group), and eternal (over 15 years, E group). The anti-cancer effects of Ganjang were determined by cell cytotoxicity assay of three types of cancer cell lines and splenocyte proliferation assay. Besides these assays, we also analyzed NK cell activity for cancer immunotherapy. The results show that the anti-cancer effect increased in the S and M period aging groups for all three cancer cell lines. Interestingly, similar to the anti-cancer result, splenocyte proliferation and NK activity showed the highest effect in the S and M groups. In contrast, Japanese ganjang-treated (JG1, JG2) groups and E group showed significantly reduced splenocyte proliferation. Collectively, these results suggest that the short and middle periods of traditional fermented Ganjang might have potential anti-cancer activities.

Anti-proliferative effect of <i>Zea mays</i> L. cob extract on rat C6 glioma cells through regulation of glycolysis, mitochondrial ROS, and apoptosis

Hwang, Eunmi,Sim, Sangwan,Park, Sang Hyuk,Song, Ki Duk,Lee, Hak-Kyo,Heo, Tae-Hwe,Jun, Hyun Sik,Kim, Sung-Jo Elsevier 2018 BIOMEDICINE AND PHARMACOTHERAPY Vol.98 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Gliomas are one of the most common types of primary brain tumors, characterized by rapid proliferation and infiltration into normal brain tissue. Corncob is the most plentiful byproducts of <I>Zea mays</I> L., of which anti-cancer effect has not been reported. Therefore, we aimed to examine the anti-proliferative effect of a high-pressure hot-water extract of corncob on glioma cells and elucidated the underlying mechanism. The high-pressure hot-water corncob extract contained approximately 94.8 mg/g and 1.82 μg/g of total phenol and catechin, respectively. Glioma cell treated with different concentrations of high-pressure hot-water corncob extract was shown to be suppressed in growth during three days of culture. In parallel, corncob extract reduced the glioma cell viability and induced cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase by upregulating the expression level of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21. Decreased proliferation and viability in glioma cells treated with corncob extract can be attributed to reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS), antiapoptotic Bcl-2 protein, and a lactate transporter monocarboxylate transporter 1 of which levels are higher than those in normal cells. Based on its inhibitory effects on proliferation and viability of C6 glioma cells, a high-pressure hot-water corncob extract has the potential to be used for glioma treatment.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Platelet-Rich Plasma Enhances Proliferation and Migration and Inhibits Inflammatory Processes in Canine Chondrocytes

김동엽,정성목,권영삼,윤성호 한국임상수의학회 2019 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.36 No.4

This study was performed to assess the anti-inflammatory and cartilage regenerative effects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on canine chondrocytes. Proliferation and migration assays under both normal and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory conditions were performed with various concentrations of PRP (1% to 10%). The expression levels of genes related to osteoarthritis were evaluated in the following groups: PRP group, LPS group and LPS + PRP group. mRNA expression levels were detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Proliferation assays showed significantly enhanced proliferation in all PRP-treated groups compared with the no serum group. Compared with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), PRP concentrations above 3% in the normal condition and 1% to 7% PRP in the LPS-induced inflammatory condition were found to significantly promote chondrocyte proliferation. In the normal condition, all PRP-treated groups showed significantly increased cell migration compared with the no serum group. Chondrocyte migration was decreased with LPS-induced inflammation, but PRP treatment resulted in significantly enhanced migration compared with the other groups in this condition. According to RT-PCR, the LPS + PRP group showed significantly higher levels of COL1A1, IL-6, aggrecan and lower levels of TNF-α, MMP- 1, MMP-3 mRNA expression compared to the LPS group. The results of this study suggest that PRP application can enhance the proliferation and migration of canine chondrocytes and improve canine articular cartilage regeneration.

망막혈관종성증식에 대한 유리체강내 항혈관내피세포성장인자 치료: 기존 문헌 고찰 및 치료 시 고려사항

Jae Hui Kim 한국망막학회 2016 Journal of Retina Vol.1 No.1

Retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP) is a subtype of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In the past, this peculiar type of neovascularization was considered to be refractory to treatment, and the efficacy of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy in RAP was not thoroughly evaluated in the early clinical trials. However, more recent studies focusing on treatment outcomes in RAP have shown that visual acuity can be improved or at least maintained in the majority of eyes using anti-VEGF therapy. Favorable results were achieved regardless of the regimens used which included fixed-dosing, as-needed, and treat-and-extend regimens. Nowadays, anti-VEGF therapy is a widely used first-line therapy for RAP. RAP shows several characteristics that distinguish it from other subtypes of neovascular AMD. The choroid is usually very thin and the incidence of geographic atrophy or retinal pigment epithelial tear is relatively high in RAP compared to the other subtypes. It is helpful for clinicians to consider these characteristics, which may influence the treatment outcome. In this article, the results of previous studies on anti-VEGF therapy for RAP are reviewed and important therapeutic considerations are discussed. 망막혈관종성증식은 습성황반변성의 한 형태이다. 과거 망막혈관종성증식은 난치성 질환으로 알려져 왔는데, 항혈관내피성장인자 치료의 효과를 평가한 초기 임상시험들의 경우 망막혈관종성증식에서의 효과에 대해서는 제대로 평가하지 않았다. 그러나 망막혈관종성증식을 대상으로 항혈관내피성장인자 치료를 시행한 보다 최근의 연구들의 경우 대부분의 안에서 시력이 호전되거나 최소한 유지되는결과를 보였는데, fixed-dosing, as-needed, treat-and-extend 등의 치료 방식에 상관 없이 비교적 만족할 만한 결과가 나타났다. 망막혈관종성증식은 다른 습성황반변성과는 구별되는 몇 가지 특징들을 보이는데, 맥락막이 매우 얇은 경우가 많고, 맥락막 위축이나 망막색소상피파열이 비교적 높은 빈도로 발생한다. 이러한 특징들은 치료 결과에 영향을 미칠 수 있기 때문에 망막혈관종성증식을치료할 때에는 이와 같은 부분을 고려해야 할 것이다. 본 논문에서는 망막혈관종성증식를 대상으로 항혈관내피성장인자 치료를 시행한기존의 연구 결과를 알아보고 치료 시 고려사항에 대해 토의하고자 한다.

망막혈관종성증식 환자에서 유리체강내 항혈관내피세포성장인자 주입술의 12개월 임상결과

김덕배,김재휘,정성헌,이태곤,김종우,김철구,조성원,이동원,한정일 대한안과학회 2013 대한안과학회지 Vol.54 No.11

Purpose: To evaluate the 12-month outcomes of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment for patients with retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP). Methods: Retrospective review of medical records was performed for 33 patients (33 eyes) who were diagnosed with RAP. All patients were initially treated with three consecutive intravitreal anti-VEGF injections after diagnosis. Additional treatment was performed when the recurrence of exudation was noted. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was measured before the first injection and at 3, 6, and 12 months after the first injection. The value measured before the treatment was compared with those measured after treatment. Results: The patients received an average of 4.2 ± 1.7 intravitreal anti-VEGF injections during the 12-month follow-up period. The logarithm of minimal angle of resolution (log MAR) values of BCVA before the first injection and at 3, 6, and 12 months after the first injections were 0.76 ± 0.49, 0.55 ± 0.35, 0.67 ± 0.41, and 0.70 ± 0.50, respectively. BCVA was significantly improved at 3 and 6 months (p < 0.001 and p = 0.037) compared to that measured before the first injection. However, there was no significant difference between BCVA before the first injection and 12 months after the first injection (p = 0.590). At 12 months of follow-up, 29 eyes (87.9%) showed stable (

Anti-leukemic effects of PPARγ ligands

Ryu, Somi,Kim, Dae Seong,Lee, Myoung Woo,Lee, Ji Won,Sung, Ki Woong,Koo, Hong Hoe,Yoo, Keon Hee Elsevier 2018 Cancer letters Vol.418 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ, a subtype of PPARs, is a member of the nuclear receptor family. PPARγ and its ligands contribute to various types of diseases including cancer. Given that currently developed therapies against leukemia are not very effective or safe, PPARγ ligands have been shown to be a new class of compounds with the potential to treat hematologic malignancies, particularly leukemia. The capability of PPARγ ligands to induce apoptosis, inhibit proliferation, and promote differentiation of leukemia cells suggests it has significant potential as a drug against leukemia. However, the specific mechanisms and molecules involved are not well-understood, although a number of PPARγ ligands with anti-leukemic effects have been identified. This may explain why PPARγ ligands have not been widely evaluated in clinical trials. To fill the gaps in the lack of understanding of specific anti-leukemic processes of PPARγ ligands and further adapt these molecules as anti-leukemic agents, this review describes previous studies of the anti-leukemic effects of PPARγ ligands.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> PPARγ ligands show a variety of anti-leukemia effects (e.g., inducing apoptosis). </LI> <LI> With other compounds, PPARγ ligands possess enhanced anti-leukemia activities. </LI> <LI> PPARγ ligands are particularly promising as anti-leukemic agents. </LI> </UL> </P>

Anti-inflammatory effect of dietary pork extract on proliferation and cytokine secretion using mouse primary splenocytes

Kim, Hye-Jin,Kim, Dongwook,Lee, Mooha,Jang, Aera Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam. 2017 Vol. No.

<P>The anti-inflammatory effects of boiled pork meat (BPM) and hot water extracts of pork meat (WPM) on splenocyte proliferation and T cell cytokine regulation in BALB/c mice were evaluated. The proliferation of splenocytes in high concentration WPM groups was significantly higher than the control stimulated by LPS and Con A. In the white blood cells, WPM groups had significantly higher counts of lymphocytes and lower counts of neutrophils than the control (p < 0.05). The Th1 (IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, IL-2) and Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, IL-10) cytokine levels in high-concentration WPM groups were higher than those in the control. In addition, TNF-alpha/IL-10 and IL-2/IL-4 secretions of splenocytes in the high concentration WPM group with LPS or Con A treatment was significantly lower than the control (p < 0.05). Therefore, this study suggested that high concentration of WPM had anti-inflammatory effects on the primary splenocyte, which indicating that water extracts of pork meat can enhance the immune system of mice.</P>

망막혈관종성증식에 동반된 망막색소상피파열에서 항혈관내피세포성장인자 주입술의 임상결과

황현지(Hyun Ji Hwang),장영석(Young Suk Chang),김종우(Jong Woo Kim),이태곤(Tae Gon Lee),김철구(Chul Gu Kim),조성원(Sung Won Cho),이동원(Dong Won Lee),한정일(Jung Il Han),김재휘(Jae Hui Kim) 대한안과학회 2016 대한안과학회지 Vol.57 No.1

Purpose: To evaluate the treatment outcomes of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy for retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) tear in retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP). Methods: In the present study we retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 14 patients (14 eyes) diagnosed with RPE tear secondary to RAP treated with intravitreal anti-VEGF. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) when the RPE tear developed was compared with BCVA at 6 months and at the final follow-up. Results: The mean age of the study patients was 75.1 ± 7.0 years and the mean follow-up period was 23.7 ± 13.7 months. During the follow-up period, patients were treated with a mean of 2.8 ± 1.3 intravitreal anti-VEGF injections. The mean logarithm of minimal angle of resolution BCVA when the RPE tear developed, at 6 months and at the final follow-up was 1.25 ± 0.44, 1.44 ± 0.56, and 1.65 ± 0.39, respectively. The BCVA at 6 months was not different from the baseline value (p = 0.258), whereas the BCVA at the final follow-up was significantly worse than the baseline value (p = 0.002). Conclusions: The prognosis of RPE tear in RAP is poor despite anti-VEGF therapy. This result suggests further investigations regarding the prevention of RPE tear or more effective treatment method for this condition are necessary.

L-carnitine에 의한 인간대장암세포주 증식억제 및 산화적손상 기전 규명

이주연,박정란,장애라,양세란 한국식품위생안전성학회 2019 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.34 No.3

L-carnitine is found in high levels in muscle tissues. It has been developed as a nutrient and dietary supplement, and also used as a therapeutic supplement in various diseases including type II diabetes, osteoporosis and metabolic neuropathies. However, it is not fully understood how it affects cellular mechanisms in colorectal cancer. Therefore, we attempted to determine the effect of L-carnitine in HCT116 human colorectal cancer cells. First, the HCT116 cells were exposed to L-carnitine for 24 hours at 0-40 mM, and then analyzed for cellular proliferation, oxidative stress and related mechanisms. In a MTT assay, L-carnitine inhibited cellular proliferation and induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HCT116 by DCF-DA analysis. To analyze the mechanism of L-carnitine in colorectal cancer cells, we performed a western blot analysis for pERK1/2 and pp38 MAP kinase. The western blot showed that L-carnitine significantly increased protein levels of pERK1/2 and pp38 compared with control. Taken together, we found that L-carnitine has anti-proliferative function via increased ROS and activation of ERK1/2 and p38 pathway in HCT116. These findings suggest that L-carnitine may have an anti-proliferative role on colorectal cancer.