연구논문 : 자연과학; 토양 내 에틸알콜 투입량에 따른 질소제어가 복숭아 당도에 미치는 영향

김익제 ( Ik Jei Kim ),권의석 ( Yeu Seok Kwon ),이성희 ( Sung Hee Lee ),이기열 ( Ki Yeol Lee ) 한국국제농업개발학회 2013 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.25 No.2

본 연구는 복숭아 품질의 핵심인 당도 향상을 위해 토양미생물의 영양원으로 에틸알콜을 투입하여 활성을 촉진시키고, 이들의 질소섭식 증가가 복숭아 수체로의 질소흡수를 제어하여 과중 감소 없이 당도를 향상시키는 최적의 에틸알콜 투입량을 구명하기 위해 수행하였다. 1. 토양 중 질산태질소의 함량은 에틸알콜 투입량 250ml에서는 12일, 500ml는 16일, 1,000ml는 24일 그리고 2,000ml는 29일간 적어 투입량이 증가할수록 질산태질소의 제어 기간이 길었다. 2. 엽 중 질소 함량은 무처리에 비해 첫 수확일인 9월 19일에는 에틸알콜 500 ml 이상 투입에서 적었고, 9월 25일과 10월 1일 수확에서는 1,000 ml 이상 투입에서 적었다. 3. 토양의 biomass C는 에틸알콜 투입 후 7일에서 26일 사이에 투입량 250 ml에서는 342 ~ 356 mg/kg, 500 ml는 431 ~ 453 mg/kg, 1,000 ml는 503~521 mg/kg일 그리고 2,000 ml는 610 ~ 625 mg/kg로 유지되어 무처리에 비하여 증가되었고, 투입량이 많아짐에 증가량이 많아졌다. 4. Dehydrogenase 활성은 에틸알콜 250 ml 투입에서는 9월 14일, 500 ml 투입은 9월 21일, 1,000 ml 투입은 9월 27일 이후 감소하는 경향이었으며, 2,000 ml 투입에서는 10월 3일까지 활성이 지속되었다. 5. 과중은 에틸알콜 2,000 ml 투입에서 9월 25일 이후 수확시 감소되었지만, 1,000 ml 투입에서는 모든 수확시기에서 과중 감소 없이 당도가 증가되었다. The objective of this study was to determine the optimum injection amount of ethyl alcohol as a carbon source which was intended to increase sugar content in fruit by controlling nitrogen. The tested variety was ``Changhowon Hwangdo`` which were 12-year-old trees. Twentyfold diluted solution 5 l, 10 l, 20 l, and 40 l of ethyl alcohol (95%) per a tree were injected into rooting zone at Eumseong county in 2012. We supplied ethyl alcohol at Aug. 7 when it was 12 days before first harvest. Nitrate content of soil severly got lower than control after injecting ethyl alcohol in about 3 days. Lower nitrate contents of soil lasted for 12 to 29 days as affected by injection amounts of ethyl alcohol. Nitrogen content of leaves was seen to have a same tendency to the nitrate content of soil. Biomass C contents and dehydrogenase activities were increased by increasing of injection amounts of ethyl alcohol. Fruit weight was reduced at twenty fold diluted solution 40 l of ethyl alcohol (95%), while sugar content was increased at twenty fold diluted solution 20 l of ethyl alcohol (95%). In conclusion, it was possible that twenty fold diluted solution 20 l of ethyl alcohol (95%) at 12 days before first harvest improved the cultural method to maintain fruit weight as well as to increase sugar content.

토양 내 에틸알콜 투입량에 따른 질소제어가 복숭아 당도에 미치는 영향

김익제,권의석,이성희,이기열 한국국제농업개발학회 2013 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.25 No.2

본 연구는 복숭아 품질의 핵심인 당도 향상을 위해 토양미생물의 영양원으로 에틸알콜을 투입하여 활성을 촉진시키고, 이들의 질소섭식 증가가 복숭아 수체로의 질소흡수를 제어하여 과중 감소 없이 당도를 향상시키는 최적의 에틸알콜 투입량을 구명하기 위해 수행하였다. 1. 토양 중 질산태질소의 함량은 에틸알콜 투입량 250ml에서는 12일, 500ml는 16일, 1,000ml는 24일 그리고 2,000ml는 29일간 적어 투입량이 증가할수록 질산태질소의 제어 기간이 길었다. 2. 엽 중 질소 함량은 무처리에 비해 첫 수확일인 9월 19일에는 에틸알콜 500 ml 이상 투입에서 적었고, 9월 25일과 10월 1일 수확에서는 1,000 ml 이상 투입에서 적었다. 3. 토양의 biomass C는 에틸알콜 투입 후 7일에서 26일 사이에 투입량 250 ml에서는 342 ~ 356 mg/kg, 500 ml는 431 ~453 mg/kg, 1,000 ml는 503~521 mg/kg일 그리고 2,000 ml는610 ~ 625 mg/kg로 유지되어 무처리에 비하여 증가되었고, 투입량이 많아짐에 증가량이 많아졌다. 4. Dehydrogenase 활성은 에틸알콜 250 ml 투입에서는 9월14일, 500 ml 투입은 9월 21일, 1,000 ml 투입은 9월 27일이후 감소하는 경향이었으며, 2,000 ml 투입에서는 10월 3일까지 활성이 지속되었다. 5. 과중은 에틸알콜 2,000 ml 투입에서 9월 25일 이후 수확시 감소되었지만, 1,000 ml 투입에서는 모든 수확시기에서 과중 감소 없이 당도가 증가되었다. The objective of this study was to determine the optimum injection amount of ethyl alcohol as a carbon source which was intended to increase sugar content in fruit by controlling nitrogen. The tested variety was ‘Changhowon Hwangdo’ which were 12-year-old trees. Twentyfold diluted solution 5 l, 10 l, 20 l, and 40 l of ethyl alcohol (95%) per a tree were injected into rooting zone at Eumseong county in 2012. We supplied ethyl alcohol at Aug. 7 when it was 12 days before first harvest. Nitrate content of soil severly got lower than control after injecting ethyl alcohol in about 3 days. Lower nitrate contents of soil lasted for 12 to 29 days as affected by injection amounts of ethyl alcohol. Nitrogen content of leaves was seen to have a same tendency to the nitrate content of soil. Biomass C contents and dehydrogenase activities were increased by increasing of injection amounts of ethyl alcohol. Fruit weight was reduced at twenty fold diluted solution 40 l of ethyl alcohol (95%), while sugar content was increased at twenty fold diluted solution 20 l of ethyl alcohol (95%). In conclusion, it was possible that twenty fold diluted solution 20 l of ethyl alcohol (95%) at 12 days before first harvest improved the cultural method to maintain fruit weight as well as to increase sugar content.

국산 밀 품종 및 제분율에 따른 막걸리의 품질 특성

심은영,이석기,우관식,김현주,강천식,김시주,오세관,박혜영,Sim, Eun-Yeong,Lee, Seuk Ki,Woo, Koan Sik,Kim, Hyun-Joo,Kang, Chon-Sik,Kim, Si Ju,Oh, Sea-Kwan,Park, Hye-Young 한국식품영양학회 2016 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.29 No.5

본 연구는 국내산 밀 품종에 따른 제분율 별로 밀 막걸리의 품질특성을 평가하고자 수행하였다. 원료곡의 탄수화물은 70% 제분율의 금강밀, 백중밀이 78.37, 78.16%로 가장 높았다. 밀의 품종 및 제분율에 따른 막걸리의 품질특성을 검정한 결과, 가용성 고형분 함량, 환원당, 알코올은 각각 $10.94{\sim}12.33^{\circ}Brix$, 2.89~4.71%, 14~15.97% 범위를 나타냈으며 백중밀 70% 제분율에서 알코올 15.97%, 환원당 4.71%로 가장 높은 함량을 나타냈다. 밀 막걸리의 glucose 함량은 159.4~560.7 mg%의 범위를 보이며 원료 밀 대비 상당량 증가하였고 그 외 mannitol과 arabinose도 존재하였다. 밀 막걸리의 유기산 분석에서, 유산균에 의한 대사산물인 lactic acid는 85.3~650.3 mg%의 분포를 나타내며 가장 높은 수준을 나타냈고 제분율 증가에 따라 그 함량도 증가하였고 제분율별 품종 비교에서는 조경밀이 가장 높았다. 밀 막걸리의 품질 관련인자의 상관성 분석에서는 원료곡의 단백질 함량은 밀 막걸리의 총산, 환원당과 부의 상관을 보였고(p<0.001), 원료곡의 탄수화물 함량은 밀 막걸리의 총산, 환원당(p<0.001) 및 알코올 함량(p<0.05)과 정의 상관을 나타내었다. 가용성 고형물의 함량은 알코올, 환원당 함량과 정의상관을, pH와는 부의 상관관계를 나타내었다(p<0.001). 밀 막걸리의 알코올 함량 비교 시 70, 85% 제분율에서 품종과 제분율에 따른 차이가 존재하지 않았으므로 85% 밀가루도 막걸리용으로 이용 가능할 것이라 생각된다. 하지만 품종과 제분율에 따라 함유하는 유리당과 유기산 등 여러 가지 품질특성이 상이하기 때문에 이를 고려한 원료의 선택이 필요할 것이다. This study aimed to evaluate the quality characteristics of wheat-Makgeolli (WM), a traditional Korean cereal alcoholic drink, using three varieties of wheat, namely Jokyoung (JK), Baegjoong (BJ) and Keumkang (KK). Samples of WM brewed from 100%, 85% and 70% milling rates of the three Korean wheat cultivars were analyzed for alcohol, pH, coloring degree, total acids, soluble solid, free sugars, and organic acids. As the milling rates in wheat decreased, total sugar content in WM increased while the pH of all samples decreased. The WM exhibited 0.95~1.27% in acidity, $10.2{\sim}12.5^{\circ}Brix$ in total sugar, and 14~16% in alcohol content. The most organic acids in WM was lactic acid, ranging in all the samples from 85.3~650.3 mg%. The results showed that BJ under a 70% milling rate had the highest reducing sugar contents and 15.97% in alcohol content. The carbohydrate content increased with the milling rate of wheat. Resulting in a positive correlation between carbohydrate content of wheat and total acids, reducing sugars (p<0.001), and alcohol content (p<0.05) in WM. Total sugar content is positively correlated with alcohol and reducing sugar content (p<0.001). Considering the yield, the milling rates will be adjusted to raw material prices.

소주 도수 변화가 알코올사용에 의한 정신 및 행동장애 처방건수에 미치는 영향

변이슬 ( Yiseul Byun ),우석진 ( Seokjin Woo ),전종설 ( Jongserl Chun ) 한국사회보장학회 2017 사회보장연구 Vol.33 No.3

This paper estimated the casual effects of reducing concentration of alcohol in Soju on Mental and behavioral disorders due to use of alcohol. In order to identify the casual effects, we estimated dynamic panel model using cross-region panel data. We found that lowering the alcohol content of Soju has a positive impact on the Mental and behavioral disorders due to use of alcohol. Specifically, Mental and behavioral disorders due to use of alcohol is increased by 28% when the alcohol content in Soju is decreased by 1%.

여성알코올중독자의 중독 이전의 삶의 경험에 대한 주제중심 내용분석

조명숙(Myeong-Suk Cho),나은하(Eun-Ha Na) 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 2024 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지 Vol.18 No.3

본 연구는 여성알코올중독자의 중독 이전 삶의 경험에 대한 이해를 높이고 여성의 알코올중독 예방을 위한 교육과 회복프로그램 개발을 위한 기초 자료로 활용되고자 시도하였다. 자료는 J도와 K시의 지역사회에 거주하며 단주를 1년 이상 유지하고 있는 여성알코올중독자 8명을 대상으로 하였다. 눈덩이 구르기표집방법을 통해 대상자로 모집하였으며, 자료수집기간은 2022년 3월부터 2023년 9월까지 였다. 자료수집은 일대일 심층 면담으로 하였으며 주 질문은 ‘여성알코올중독자로서 중독 이전 삶의 경험은 어떠하였는가?’이었다. 자료 분석은 질적 연구 방법인 주제중심 내용분석을 활용하였다. 연구결과 6개의 주제로 도출되었다. 6개의 주제는 ‘불안정한 양육환경에서 성장’, ‘경제적으로 어려움’, ‘외상 경험’, ‘술에 익숙한 환경’, ‘정서적으로 어려움’, ‘자신 삶의 목적 부재’로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과는 여성알코올중독자의 중독 이전 삶에 대한 심층적 이해를 제공하였다. 여성알코올 중독자는 남성알코올 중독자와는 차이가 있는 만큼 여성의 특성을 고려한 맞춤형 알코올중독 예방 교육과 프로그램 개발이 필요하겠다. 또한 여성의 알코올중독 예방을 위해선 여성 개인의 노력 뿐 아니라 사회적 관심과 지원의 필요성이 중요할 것으로 사료된다. This study aimed to deepen the understanding of the life experiences of female alcoholics before their addiction and to use this information as foundational data for developing educational and recovery programs to prevent female alcoholics. The participants were eight women from J Province and K City who had maintained sobriety for over a year. They were recruited using the snowball sampling method, and data collection took place from March 2022 to September 2023. Data were collected through one-on-one in-depth interviews with the central question: What were your life experiences before you became a female alcoholic? Data analysis employed thematic content analysis, a qualitative research method. The research identified six main themes: Growing up in an unstable caregiving environment, Economic hardships, Trauma experiences, Familiarity with alcohol environments, Emotional difficulties, and Lack of purpose in life. These findings provide an in-depth understanding of the pre-addiction lives of female alcoholics. Given the differences between male and female alcoholics, it is essential to develop tailored alcohol prevention education and programs that take into account the unique characteristics of women. Moreover, the prevention of female alcoholism should involve not only the individual efforts of women but also the need for social attention and support.

솔잎(Pinus densifloras Z.)의 조성분이 전통 약주 발효에 미치는 영향

조남지,조민자,조규성 안성산업대학교 1995 論文集 Vol.27 No.-

藥酒 製造시 솔잎 添加 效果를 調査하기 위하여 솔잎 抽出物 첨가가 S. cerevisiae의 生育에 미치는 影響과, 솔잎분말을 添加한 제국 과정 중의 酵素 活性 및 약주 발효 과정 중 pH, 總酸, 알코올의 含量 變化를 調査하였다. 솔잎의 일반 성분으로는 수분 54.80%, 단백질 8.18%, 조지방 2.07%, 섬유 23.13%, 조회분 1.10%였다. 솔잎 첨가구가 대조구에 비하여 S.cerevisiae의 증식을 억제하는 효과가 있었다. 제국 과정 중의 amylase 활성은 모든 시험구에서 제국 24시간에서 최고의 활성을 나타내었고, 솔잎 2.0%구는 대조구에 비하여 높은 활성을 보였다. 산성 protease 활성은 솔잎 첨가구가 대조구에 비하여 효소활성이 높았으며, 솔잎 분말 2.0% 첨가구는 발효 24시간에서 활성이 가장 높았다. pH는 솔잎의 첨가량이 증가할수록 높았으나 발효기간이 경과할수록 감소하였다. 총산의 변화는 발효기간이 길어질수록 높았고, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0% 솔잎첨가구는 대조구에 비하여 총산의 함량이 높았으며 첨가량이 많아질수록 낮아졌다. 솔잎 분말의 첨가량이 증가할수록 알코올의 함량은 대조구보다 낮았으나, 첨가량에 따른 큰 영향은 나타나지 않았다. The study is to investigate the effects of addition of pine needles's extract on the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and to investigate the changes of α-amylase activity, acid-protease activity, pH, total acidity, alcohol content during alcohol fermentation with variation of the amount of pine needles powder. The composition of pine needles sample were as follows : moisture 54.8%, crude protein 8.18%, crude lipid 2.07%, crude fiber 23.13%, crude ash 1.10%. Treatment groups with pine needles extract have an inhibitory effect on the growth of S. cerevisiae companre to control group. The highest activity of α-amylase was shown at 24 hours fermentation in all treatments and the only treated group with 2.0% addition of pine needles powder had higher amylase activity than that of control group. The activity of acid-protease in the treatments was higher than that of controls and the highest protease activity of 2.0% treated group was shown at 24 hours fermentation. The pH was increased in the adding more pine needles powder but it would be decreased with the lapse of fermentation time. The change of total acidity was increased with the longer fermentation. Although the content of total acidity was higher in 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0% treated groups than that of control group, the small in addition of pine needles powder the less total acid content. Although the alcohol content of treated groups were a little lower than that of control group, there were no different effect on the alcohol content as the additive amount of pine needles powder.

공공장소 음주규제 정책에 대한 시민반응

이지현(Jihyun Lee),김광기(Kwang Kee Kim),제갈정(JeKarl Jung),유승현(Seunghyun Yoo) 한국보건교육건강증진학회 2018 보건교육건강증진학회지 Vol.35 No.4

Objectives: This study is to analyze public response to a bill of designating public alcohol-free zone expressed in the forms of comments and social endorsement cues of an online news article. Methods: The data were 711 valid comments and social endorsement cues on an online article about the proposal of a regulation banning alcohol drinking in public places of Seoul, published on the portal site NAVER and DAUM in June 2016. The comments were analyzed and categorized into four types: supporting the policy, questioning the policy, opposing to the policy, and suggesting policy alternatives. Results: As results of the study, 48% of the comments supported a bill of designating public alcohol-free zones, and only 9% of the comments opposed. Specifically, support for policies to regulate harm to others was high, but acceptance of policies that directly restricted drinking, such as alcohol-price increase or restrictions on sales hours and places, was low. Conclusions: The results of this study can be used as a basis for the policy to reduce negative effects of drinking in the public place. Alcohol policy should be strengthened to lower the availability of alcohol such as public place drinking regulations.

한국 성인의 혈중 알코올 제거율 및 관련 인자에 대한 Spaghetti Plot을 이용한 재분석 및 예측 모델

이중석,남범우,서정석,서정철,방한준,안민철,홍봉식,이승환 한국중독정신의학회 2019 중독정신의학 Vol.23 No.2

Objectives : Alcohol-related pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters and related factors in Korean male and female were reported respectively in our previous works, but they lacked methodological validity. We recalculated more reliable parameters including the volume of distribution (Vd) and blood alcohol elimination rate (β-value) and examined the potential of predictive models using new analytic techniques. Methods : Out of 101 men and 91 women, 66 men and 65 women were selected for the final data analysis. New PK parameters were obtained from redrawn blood alcohol concentration (BAC)-time spaghetti plots for every subject. Regression analyses were used to determine β-values and predictive models for Vd and β-value. Results : For men, β-value was 0.147±0.045 g/L/hr and ranged between 0.050-0.240 g/L/hr, for women it was 0.155±0.047 g/L/hr and ranged between 0.060-0.270 g/L/hr, demonstrating a significant difference after adjustment for age, past drinking behavior, and smoking. Influence of alcohol dose on β-value was not significant. Vd was significantly predicted by height, weight and sex multifactorially (R2=0.562, p<0.001), and body fat ratio monofactorially (R2=0.812, p<0.001). β-value was significantly predicted by sex, weight, total body water, and past drinking behavior (R2=0.706, p<0.001). Conclusion : Using new analytic methods, we updated alcohol related PK parameters and investigated the influence of related factors on Vd and β-value with predictive models. It is expected that the outcomes of this study could be a contribution to a more precise BAC estimation in forensic psychiatry fields.

나노형상을 가진 표면플라즈몬공명 센서칩의 감도 개선 효과

조용진 ( Yong Jin Cho ),김철진 ( Chul Jin Kim ),김남수 ( Nam Soo Kim ),김종태 ( Chong Tai Kim ),김태은 ( Tae Eun Kim ),김효섭 ( Hyo Sop Kim ),김재호 ( Jae Ho Kim ) 한국산업식품공학회 2010 산업 식품공학 Vol.14 No.1

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) which is utilized in thin film refractometry-based sensors has been concerned on measurement of physical, chemical and biological quantities because of its high sensitivity and label-free feature. In this paper, an application of SPR to detection of alcohol content in wine and liquor was investigated. The result showed that SPR sensor had high potential to evaluate alcohol content. Nevertheless, food industry may need SPR sensor with higher sensitivity. Herein, we introduced a nano-technique into fabrication of SPR chip to enhance SPR sensitivity. Using Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) method, gold film with nano-structured surface was devised. In order to make a new SPR chip, firstly, a single layer of nano-scaled silica particles adhered to plain surface of gold film. Thereafter, gold was deposited on the template by an e-beam evaporator. Finally, the nano-structured surface with basin-like shape was obtained after removing the silica particles by sonication. In this study, two types of silica particles, or 130 nm and 300 nm, were used as template beads and sensitivity of the new SPR chip was tested with ethanol solution, respectively. Applying the new developed SPR sensor to a model food of alcoholic beverage, the sensitivity showed improvement of 95% over the conventional one.

회분식 고전압 Exponential Decay Pulse 전기장 처리에 의한 막걸리의 비열 살균

김보라,정태범,홍희정,김진선,신정규 한국산업식품공학회 2013 산업 식품공학 Vol.17 No.2

회분식 고전압 펄스 전기장 처리에 의한 막걸리의 비가열 살균 공정 적용의 가능성을 알아보았다. 막걸리의 초기 균수는 약 2×108 CFU/mL로 전기장의 세기와 처리시간이 증가할수록 사멸율은 증가하여, 30 kV/cm, 256 pulse 처리하였을 경우 약 2 log 정도의 사멸율을 나타내었다. 고전압 펄스 전기장과 열을 병합처리하였을 경우 50oC에서 20 kV/cm, 256 pulse 처리를 한 후 8 log의 높은 사멸율을 나타내었으며, 알코올 농도를 달리하였을 경우 알코올 농도가 높아질수록 높은 사멸율을 나타내어 12%의 알코올 농도에서 4.8 log의 사멸율을 보였다. 고전압 펄스 전기장 처리한 막걸리를 4oC와 30oC에서 4주간 저장하였을 경우 무처리막걸리에 비하여 4oC에서는 pH, 산도, 미생물의 수에 변화가 거의 없었으며, 30oC에서도 적정산도나 미생물의 증가가 일정 수준이하로 억제되어 막걸리의 비가열 살균 공정으로서의 가능성을 보였다. Makgeolli, a traditional Korean turbid rice wine, was treated with pulsed electric fields (PEF) for the purpose of a development of a new cold pasteurization processes. Inactivation of yeast in the makgeolli increased with increase in intensity of the electric field strength and treatment time. The initial yeast count of the makgeolli was 2×108 cfu/ml. A reduction of 2D was obtained at 30 kV/cm and 256 exponential decay pulses at room temperature. The combination of PEF and conventional thermal treatment inactivated the yeast more effectively. Reductions of up to 8D were observed when the makgeolli was treated with PEF of 20 kV/cm and 256 pulses at 50oC. The inactivation of the yeast in makgeolli increased with an increase in alcohol content. When the alcohol content of the makgeolli increased to 12%, PEF treatment with 30 kV/cm and 256 pulses resulted in a 4.8D reduction of yeast. No changes in pH, acidity, or the growth of yeast were observed in the PEF treated makgeolli during storage at 4oC for 4 weeks.