Ni-Cd전지용 충전 알고리즘을 이용한 고속전철용 ZVZCS형 충전장치개발

최욱돈,이종필,이재문,김연준 전력전자학회 2000 전력전자학회 논문지 Vol.5 No.5

고속전철용 충전기는 VVVF, CVCF, DC/DC 컨버터에 전원을 공급하고 안정성과 시스템의 신뢰성을 목적으로 하는 중요한 에너지원이다. 본 논문에서는 밧데리 충전 알고리즘과 고속전철용 ZVZCS형 밧데리 충전기의 전력회로를 포함한다. 또한 고속전철용 50kW 충전기의 최적 병렬운전과 Ni-Cd 밧데리의 충전 방법을 설명하고 실험을 통해 타당성을 입증한다. The battery charger for high speed trail car is very important power source for the purpose of safety and system stability It provides control power of VVVF, CVCF, DC/DC converter and inverter for traction motor. This paper included power circuit of the ZVZCS type battery charger for high speed trail car and battery charging algorithm. Also the optimum parallel operation of 50kW battery charger for high speed trail car, and charring control method of Ni-Cd battery illustrates validity and effectiveness through the experiments.

전역통과필터를 이용한 ZVZCS PS-FB DC/DC 컨버터의 제어

조한진(Han-Jin Cho),이원철(Won-Cheol Lee),이상석(Sang-Seok Lee),이수원(Su-Won Lee),원충연(Chung-Yuen Won) 한국조명·전기설비학회 2010 조명·전기설비학회논문지 Vol.24 No.1

오늘날 산업이 발달함에 따라 산업현장에서는 높은 전력밀도와 전력변환 효율을 가진 전력변환장치를 요구하는 분야가 많아졌다. 현재 개발 중인 차세대 고속철도 역시 이러한 분야 중 하나로서 고효율 및 고성능 그리고 고밀도의 전력변환 장치가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 차세대 고속철도에 사용 될 배터리 충전장치의 새로운 제어방식을 제안한다. 배터리 충전장치용 위상천이(PB;Phase shift) FB(Full-bridge) ZVZCS 컨버터는 크게 1차 측 보조회로를 갖는 방식과 2차 측 보조회로를 가지는 방식으로 분류할 수 있다. 전역통과필터를 사용한 PWM 스위칭기법은 2차 측에 공진회로를 갖는 ZVZCS 컨버터를 제어하기 위하여 제안되었다. 디지털 전역통과필터는 기존의 위상지연 IC 대신에 ATmega_128 마이크로컨트롤러에 의한 제어를 하였다. 제안된 토폴로지를 확인하기 위해 PSIM 소프트웨어를 사용하여 시뮬레이션하였고 1[㎾] 축소모델을 제작하여 실험하였다. High power density and power conversion efficiency have been required in the power converters according to the rapid growth of industry. In this context, the next generation High Speed Train(HST) requires power converter which has high-efficiency, high-performance and high-density. In this paper, the new control technique for battery charger used for the next generation HST is proposed. The phase shift ZVZCS converter is classified according to a resonant circuit which is located in the primary or secondary side. In this paper, The PWM switching technique using all-pass filter is proposed to control ZVZCS converter which has resonant circuit in the secondary side. ATmega_128 micro controller based in all-pass filter in substitute for phase shift IC is presented to have digital control. To verify the proposed topology, the simulation and experiment are performed by using PSIM software and 1[㎾] experimental set-up.

DCM Analysis of Single-Switch-Based ZVZCS Converters With a Tapped Inductor

Choi, Bo H.,Lee, Eun S.,Kim, Ji H.,Rim, Chun T. IEEE 2015 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS - Vol.30 No.12

<P>The analysis of a novel single-active-switch-based zero voltage and zero current switching (ZVZCS) tapped boost converter in the discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) is proposed in this paper. The ZVZCS converter includes a lossless snubber composed of three diodes and two capacitors and exhibits novel ZVZCS operation for wide operating ranges of duty cycles, load currents, and input voltages. The voltage stress of the active switch is always less than the load voltage, and soft switching turn-on and turn-off are achieved without cumbersome current or voltage sensing, which could not have been obtained from quasi-resonant converters that also have an active switch. Detailed analyses of the DCM and the component stresses of the proposed converter are presented. Experiments for a 450-W prototype exhibited 99.0% of the maximum efficiency with a SiC JFET at the switching frequency of 50 kHz, and the ZVZCS operation is guaranteed, even for the DCM under the experimental conditions. Moreover, the proposed ZVZCS principle has been applied to a tapped buck-boost converter case, which was also experimentally verified.</P>

A Study on the ZVZCS Three Level DC/DC Converter without Primary Freewheeling Diodes

배진용,김용,백수현,권순도,김필수,계상범,Bae, Jin-Yong,Kim, Yong,Baek, Soo-Hyun,Kwon, Soon-Do,Kim, Pil-Soo,Gye, Sang-Bum The Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrica 2002 조명·전기설비학회논문지 Vol.16 No.6

This paper presents ZVZCS(Zero-Voltage and Zero-Current Switching) Three Level DC/DC Converter without primary freewheeling diodes. The new converter presented in this paper used a phase shirt control with a flying capacitor in the primary side to achieve ZVS for the outer switches. A secondary anxiliary circuit which consists of one small capacitor, two small diodes and one coupled inductor, is added in the secondary to provide ZVZCS conditions to primary switches, ZVS for outer switches and ZCS for inner switches. Many advantages include simple secondary auxiliary circuit topology, high efficiency, and low cost make the new converter attractive for high power applications. Also the circulating current flows through the circuit so that it causes the needless coduction loss to be occurred in the devices and the transformer of the circuit The new converter has no primary auxiliary diodes for freewheeling current. The principle of operation, feature and design considerations are illustrated and verified through the experiment with a 1[㎾] 50[KHz]IGBT based experimental circuit. 본 논문에서는 1차측 환류 다이오드를 제거한 ZVZCS(영전압 영전류 스위칭) Three Level DC/DC 컨버터에 관하여 논하였다. 제안된 컨버터는 1차측 회로를 Three Level 결선하고, 여기에 위상이동 스위칭 방법을 이용하여, 스위치 전압 스트레스를 저감시킬 수 있으므로, 기존의 Full-Bridge 컨버터에 비하여 스위칭 손실이 적고, 고전압 응용 분야에 적합하다. 기존의 경우 2차측에 한 개의 커패시터와 두 개의 다이오드를 이용한 보조회로를 부가하여, 누설 인덕터와 2차측 보조 커패시터를 이용하여 공진을 일으킴으로써 주 스위치의 영전압 영전류 스위칭(ZVZCS)이 가능하였다. 그러나 새로운 컨버터는 기존의 보조 회로에 결합 인덕터를 추가함으로써, 누설 인덕터, 2차측 보조 커패시터, 2차측 결합 인덕터가 공진을 일으키므로 기존의 경우보다 도전 손실이 저감된 고효율 컨버터를 구현할 수 있다. 또한 1차측 순환 전류의 현저한 감소로 환류 손실이 작아지며, 1차측에 환류 다이오드를 제거한 경제적인 Three Level 컨버터를 구현하였다. 본 논문에서는 제안된 컨버터의 동작원리, 해석 및 특성에 대해서 논하였으며, IGBT를 사용하여 1[㎾]급 시작품을 제작, 50[KHz]에서 실험하였다.

병렬제어를 적용한 8kW급 영전압/영전류 풀 브릿지 DC-DC 컨버터 개발

노민식 전력전자학회 2007 전력전자학회 논문지 Vol.12 No.5

In this paper, development of the 8kW parallel module converter is presented. For a effective configuration of FB-PWM converter, this paper proposes 4-parallel operation of 2 kw-module. FB converter of 2-kW module is controlled by phase shift PWM and in order to achieve ZVZCS, the simple auxiliary circuit is applied in secondary side. In order to achieve ZCS, control logic for auxiliary circuit operation is designed to reset the primary current during free-wheeling period. For output current sharing of 4-modules, the charge control is employed. The charge control logic is designed with phase shift PWM logic. Voltage controller is implemented by using DSP(TMS320LF2406) with A/D conversion data of the output current and voltage of each module. The developed converter is installed in PCU(Power Conditioning Unit) for HSG(High Speed Generator) in a vehicle and health monitoring system is implemented for vehicle operation test. Finally, performance of the developed converter is proved under practical operation of HSG. 본 논문에서의 병렬제어를 이용한 8kW급 대용량 영전압/영전류 풀 브릿지 DC-DC 컨버터의 개발 결과를 보인다. 본 논문에서는 효율적인 시스템 구성을 위해 4-병렬 단위 모듈 운전을 제안한다. 각 단위모듈은 위상 천이 풀 브릿지를 채택하고, ZVZCS 운전을 위해 간단한 보조 회로를 2차측에 추가하였다. ZCS를 위한 보조 회로 동작 로직은 환류 모드 구간에서 1차측 전류를 제거하도록 구현하였다. 또한 병렬 운전시의 출력 전류의 균등 제어를 위해 위상천이로직을 활용한 Charge Control 방식을 적용하였다. 전압 제어기는 DSP TMS320LF2406을 활용하여 4 모듈의 출력전류 및 출력전압을 A/D로 입력받아 구현하였다. 개발된 컨버터는 차량에 설치되는 고속 발전기용 전력 변환기에 장착되었으며, 구축된 모니터링 시스템으로 고속 발전기의 실제 운전 조건에서 데이터를 획득하여, 분석을 통해 그 성능을 입증하였다.

ZVZCS Three-Level DC/DC 컨버터

裵辰容(Jin-Yong Bae),金龍(Yong Kim),曺圭滿(Kyu-Man Cho) 대한전기학회 2006 전기학회논문지 B Vol.55 No.3

A New ZVZCS(Zero-Voltage and Zero-Current-Switching) Three-Level DC/DC Converter is proposed. The proposed converter presented in this paper used a phase shift control with a flying capacitor in the primary side to achieve ZVS for the outer switch. A primary auxiliary circuit, which consists of one coupled inductor, is added in the primary to provides ZVZCS conditions to primary switches, ZVS for outer switches and ZCS for inner switches. Many advantages including simple circuit topology high efficiency, and low cost make this converter attractive for high power applications. The principle of operation, feature and design considerations are illustrated and verified through the experiment with a 2㎾ 40㎑ IGBT based experimental circuit.

An Employed Zero Voltage/Zero Current Switching Commutation Cell for All Active Switches in a PWM DC/DC Converter

Lee, Dong-Yun,Hyun, Dong-Seok The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2002 KIEE International Transactions on Electrical Mach Vol.b2 No.4

This paper presents an improved Zero Voltage/Zero Current Switching (ZVZCS) commutation cell with minimum additional components, which provides soft switching at both turn-on and turn-off of main and auxiliary switches as well as diodes in a PWM DC/DC converter. The proposed soft-switching technique is suitable for not only minority, but also majority carrier semiconductor devices. The auxiliary switch of the proposed ZVZCS commutation cell is in parallel with the main switch, and therefore, the main switch and the diode are free of currentstress. The operation principles of the proposed ZVZCS commutation cell are theoretically analyzed using the PWM boost converter topology as an example. The validity of the PWM boost converter topology with the proposed ZVZCS commutation cell is verified through theoretical analysis, simulation and experimental results.

A Novel Research of ZVZCS Synchronous Rectification Converter Based on Phase-shifted Full-bridge Control

Zhou Yongqin,Huang Ce,Chen Junjie,Shi Guijun,Zhou Meilan 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.8 No.6

Due to synchronous rectification based on Phase-shift full bridge converter is difficult to work in a state of soft switch, to solve this problem, this paper sets out an control approach of synchronous rectification based on the ZVZCS phase-shifted full-bridge, and the drive signal of synchronous rectification side uses leading-leg drive waveform after a certain time delay and applies the resonant principle in the switching process,not only keeping full bridge ZVZCS soft switching but also realizing MOSFET of the synchronous rectification ZVS. The simulation of saber and experimental research show that the converter has a good performance.

Evaluation of a Three-Phase Three-Level ZVZCS DC-DC Converter Using Phase-Shift PWM Strategy

Thammachat Kongwirat,Anuwat Jangwanitlert 대한전기학회 2017 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.12 No.5

This paper presents the evaluation of a three-phase three-level DC-DC converter which achieves the soft switching condition for all switches in the circuit and uses the phase-shift PWM strategy to adjust electric power at the output side. According to the analysis, the operation modes can be categorized into two cases: in the first case, where the phase shift angle is less than 120 degrees and in the second case, where the phase shift angle is more than 120 degrees. The outer switches of the circuit operate under ZVS condition and the inner switches operate under ZVZCS condition. It has been discovered that under ZCS condition of the inner switches, when the blocking capacitors decrease, they make the voltage across the blocking capacitor higher so the current reduce rapidly. A three-phase three-level DC-DC converter has a maximum efficiency of 93.5% when its load is of 5.7 kW. The results from the experiment have been compared to the results obtained by the MATLAB<SUP>®</SUP> simulator in order to confirm the validity of the proposed converter.

Single-Switch ZVZCS Quasi-Resonant CLL Isolated DC-DC Converter for 32" LCD TV

류성희,안정훈,조광승,이병국 대한전기학회 2015 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.10 No.4

In this paper, a single-switch ZVZCS quasi-resonant CLL isolated DC-DC converter for driving a low-power (less than 100 W) 32'' LED backlighting liquid crystal display television (LCD TV) is proposed. The proposed converter exhibits both forward and flyback operational characteristics. All semiconductors are activated and deactivated under the soft switching conditions during the switching transition without additional active devices. The switching frequency varies less than about 10 kHz for load variations, leading to minimizing the efficiency reduction under light load. Furthermore, the low di/dt and dv/dt by soft switching enhance the electromagnetic interference (EMI) performance above 1 MHz. A theoretical analysis is described in detail, and a 72-W prototype converter verifies the validity of the analysis.