발 뒤축 내·외측 경사진 안창이 족부압력에 미치는 영향

유태범(Taebeum Ryu),채병기(Byungkee Chae),임완수(Wansoo Lim),최화순(Hwa Soon Choi),정민근(Min K. Chung) 대한산업공학회 2008 대한산업공학회지 Vol.34 No.1

Wedged insoles are frequently used to reduce the pains caused by the knee arthritis or the foot overuse syndrome. The present study analyzed the effect of wedged rear-foot insoles on the foot pressure in walking. Three medially wedged insoles with three angles (5, 8 and 15°) and three laterally wedged insoles with the same angles were made, and a flat insole were prepared. Ten healthy males in twenties walked in a specified line with each insole. Center of pressure (COP), relative vertical force and maximum force on anatomical areas were analyzed from the measured foot pressure data. At heel contact, medially wedged insoles significantly increased the pressure of the medial foot side (COP moved medially by 2-5 mm and maximum pressure of 1st metatarsal head increased by 110-120% relative to the flat insole). In contrast, laterally wedged insoles significantly increased the lateral side pressure (COP moved laterally by 1-5 mm and the ratio of 2nd metatarsal head pressure to 1st metatarsal head increased by 0.5-2.0 relative to the flat insole). At toe off, both wedged insoles significantly increased the pressure of the medial foot side (COP moved medially by 0.5-10 mm and the ratio of 1st metatarsal head pressure to 5th metatarsal head increased by 2.0 relative to the flat insole). Especially, the laterally wedged insoles significantly increased the relative vertical force (6-12%) of the rear-foot more than the flat insole.

경사진 안창이 보행시 하지관절에 미치는 영향

권민정,최화순,정민근,나석희,Kwon, Min-Jeong,Choi, Hwa-Soon,Chung, Min-K.,Na, Seok-Hee 대한인간공학회 2007 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.26 No.1

Despite the widespread use of laterally wedged insoles for patients with knee osteoarthritis and medially wedged insoles for controlling rearfoot pronation, an understanding of the effects of wedged insoles was limited and sometimes controversial. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of wedged insoles on the kinematics and kinetics of normal gait. Ten male subjects without history of lower limb disorders were recruited. Each subject performed four gait cycles under each of seven conditions; shod with 5$^{\circ}$, 8$^{\circ}$ and 15$^{\circ}$, 8$^{\circ}$ and 15$^{\circ}$ laterally wedged insoles. In order to determine statistical differences among seven conditions, the measured temporal spatial variables, angular displacements, joint moments, and ground reaction forces were compared with a one-way analysis of variance. Some significant changes induced by wedged insoles were apparent in joint moments and ground reaction forces. The medially wedged insole increased the laterally directed ground reaction force and varus moments at the ankle force and varus moments at the ankle and the knee.

키높이 인솔두께에 따른 족부의 생체역학적 특성변화에 대한 연구

박태현,정태곤,한동욱,이성재,Park, T.H.,Jung, T.G.,Han, D.W.,Lee, Sung-Jae 대한의용생체공학회 2013 의공학회지 Vol.34 No.2

Recently, functional insoles of wedge-type it is for the young to raise their height inserted between insole and heel cause foot pain and disease. Additionally, these have a problem with stability and excessively load-bearing during gait like high-heel shoes. In this study, we compared the changes in biomechanical characteristics of foot with different insole thickness then we will utilize for the development of the insole with the purpose of relieving the pain and disease. Subjects(male, n = 6) measured COP(center of pressure) and PCP(peak contact pressure) on the treadmill(140cm/s) using F-scan system and different insole thickness(0~50 mm) between sole and plantar surface during gait. Also, we computed changes of stresses at the foot using finite element model with various insole thickness during toe-off phase. COP moved anterior and medial direction and, PCP was increased at medial forefoot surface, $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$ metatarsophalangeal, ($9%{\uparrow}$) with thicker insoles and it was show sensitive increment as the insole thickness was increased from 40 mm to 50 mm. Change of the stress at the soft-tissue of plantar surface, $1^{st}$ metatarsal head represents rapid growth($36%{\uparrow}$). Also, lateral moments were increased over the 100% near the $1^{st}$ metatarsal as the insole thickness was increased from 0 mm to 30 mm. And it is show sensitive increment as the insole thickness changed 10 mm to 20 mm. As a result, it was expected that use of excessively thick insoles might cause unwanted foot pain at the forefoot region. Therefore, insole thickness under 30 mm was selected.

Assessment of Stresses at the Lower Extremity Joints Wearing Laterally Wedged Insoles

박상백,심제연,윤정로,채수원 한국정밀공학회 2017 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.18 No.3

Laterally wedged insoles are known to be effective both in slowing the progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA) and in reducing pain at knee. Various research efforts have been made to investigate the effect of laterally wedged insoles on knee OA. However, most of the research works involved are either survey based or experimental, involving measuring knee alignments for the patients. In order to evaluate the effect of laterally wedged insoles more accurately, the internal stress distributions at the soft tissues of knee and ankle need to be known. A few works employ the finite element method to analyze the stress distribution at knee under a standing position but not for whole gait motion. In this study, the internal stress distributions at the soft tissues of knee and ankle during walking motion have been analyzed by employing an approach that integrate the finite element method with motion analysis. In this approach, the postures of finite element model are adjusted according to each phase of gait motion and the muscle forces obtained from motion analysis were applied as loading conditions to this FE model. Through this process, the effects of laterally wedged insoles on the lower extremity joints could be investigated by comparing the analysis results of normal gaits and gaits with laterally wedged insoles.

발 오소틱 (foot orthotic)의 wedge posting 위치가 달리기 시 하지의 운동학적 변화 및 정적 균형능력에 미치는 영향

이성철,김창영,이세용 한국사회체육학회 2019 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.77

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate running kinematics adn eye-closed single leg balance tes t differences among different wedge posting condition and its effect on injury prevention. Method: Total number of subjects was 30 people who are 18 to 45 year sold. The effect of 6 differen t wedges posting on ankle joint complex and knee joint kinematic sduring running was analyzed using Vicon Motion Analysis System. 8 muscle activation patterns were analyzed during running using Delsys Wireless EMG system. Also, 10 seconds eye-closed single leg balance task weer examined using Acusway force plate. The data process of this study calculated as mean (M) or percentag eand standard deviation (SD) of all measured value, using repeated measure of ANOVA. The significance level was set to α= .05. Results: The maximum eversion value during running was significantly lower in the rear foot medial wedge posting condition than other posterior conditions (F 5,26= 3.56; P <.05). This result showed that the max-i mum eversion could be avoided, at the maximum knee flexion angle. There was a statistically significant difference only in the orthotic condition and forefoot lateral wedgep osting condition compared with other cond-i tions. (Lateral wedge: F 5,26 = 3.22; P <.05; orthotic: F 5,26 = 3.05; P <.05). Conclusion: Adequate selection of wedge posting may prevent lower extremity injury and enhance muscle activation. Medial wedge posting decreases the amount of eversion and abduction and prevents delayed onset of maximum eversion during running. Clinicians should select wedge posting considerably in order to specifically train muscle because a different type of wedge postign changed different muscle activation pattern . Balance improvement was found with orthotic condition mainly. Based on all the information above, wedge posting should be selected with a comprehensive understanding of motion, muscle, the purpose of usage, and function.

Lateral wedge insole이 편측 대퇴절단자의 보행에 미치는 영향

장윤희(Y. H. Chang),배태수(T. S. Bae),김신기(S. K. Kim),문무성(M. S. Mun) 한국정밀공학회 2009 한국정밀공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.6월

외측 쐐기 깔창이 골관절염 환자의 내반슬에 미치는 영향에 관한 고찰

신형수,이상용,배성수 대한정형도수치료학회 2005 대한정형도수물리치료학회지 Vol.11 No.1

Osteoarthritis has been considered a disease of the elderly because it is uncommon before the age of 40 years and is seen in approximately 80% of United States citizens older than 65 years. general population on kuri city in korea revealed that prevalence of knee osteoarthritis is 10.2%, increasing with age. High level of physical activity in men and age, post-menopause and obesity in women can be risk factor. Osteoarthritis is no evidence that a acquired process initiated much earlier in life through mechanical, metabolic, genetic, or other origins. A high tibial astronomy alters static lower extremity alignment thereby decreasing medial compartment loading. As well, conservative treatment strategies, such as knee braces and values heel wedges, affect lover limb mechanics and attempt to reduce medial compartment loading. It was hypothesized that values heel wedges and modified orthoses would shift the center of pressure laterally on the foot during level walking, reducing the moment arm of the adduction moment in the frontal plane, thereby resulting in a decrease in the knee adduction moment. In the 1980s, the effect of wearing a laterally wedged insole on osteoarthritis patients with a virus deformity of the knee was firsted, and since then, kinematic and kinetic analyses concerning this condition have mainly focused on a static standing position. Since the early 1990s, the beneficial effect of wearing a laterally wedged insole to treat osteoarthritis of the knee has also been reported dynamaic conditions, but these studies did not answer the question of the kinematic and kinetic mechanisms that resulted in the reduced symptoms in patents with knee osteoarthritis. therefore, the effect of wearing laterally wedged insole has not been sufficiently studied.

마비측에 적용한 외측 쐐기 깔창이 뇌졸증 환자의 체중부하율과 균형, 보행에 미치는 영향

김혜림,신원섭 대한고유수용성신경근촉진법학회 2013 PNF and Movement Vol.11 No.2

Purpose : The study was to evaluate the weight distribution, balance and gait function of stroke patients wearing lateral wedged insole to the shoe of the affected side. Methods : 27 patients with stroke (15 men, 12 women) participated in this study. Participants performed weight distribution, dynamic balance and gait ability with or without wedged insole on affected side in a random order. The balancia was used to evaluate the weight distribution. Deviation from the center line was analyzed by Dartfish during sit to stand to evaluate dynamic balance. The functional walk ability evaluated by 10 m walking velocity. Results : The asymmetry index of weight bearing improved significantly with wedged insole of affected side(p<.05). During sit to stand, center of gravity significantly moved from non-affected side to more mid line of body(p<.05). Improvement were shown in walking speed after wearing the wedged insole(p<.05). Conclusion : Wedged insole applied on affected side have a beneficial effect on weight distribution, dynamic balance and walking speed with stroke. .

보행시 Wedged 인솔과 보행진행 각이 슬관절 외측 밀림(Lateral Thrust)에 미치는 영향

정도영 ( Do Young Jung ),김문환 ( Moon Hwan Kim ),권오윤 ( Oh Yun Kwon ) 한국전문물리치료학회 2004 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.11 No.2

내반슬 골관절염 환자에 대한 밀착형 외측 쐐기 스트랩 발받침이 한국형 WOMAC에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

이상용,공원태,Lee, Sang-Yang,Gong, Won-Tae 대한정형도수물리치료학회 2007 대한정형도수물리치료학회지 Vol.13 No.1

The purpose are to demonstrate the pain, stiffness, and physical function by the Korean Western Ontario MacMaster University(KWOMAC) score of the patients with varus deformity osteoarthritis of the knee after treatment period. Twenty outpatients with knee osteoarthritis(OA) were randomized and divided into the control(n=10) and wedge(n=10) groups. The remission scores of the KWOMAC index of severity for knee OA were compared between the groups. The result of repeated two-way ANOVA's revealed that a contact lateral-wedged insole with strapping produced significantly differences in the pain and physical function score between groups after treatment period(P<0.05), but it was not significant differences in the stiffness score between groups(P>0.05). These results suggest that the pain relief and improvement in function reported by patients with osteoarthritis while using lateral-wedged insole with strapping may be achieved by a reduction in external varus moment and medial compartment load.