국내 인ㆍ허가 온열의료기기 기술 현황 조사 및 분석

임수란 ( Su-ran Lim ),박정환 ( Jung-hwan Park ),박지연 ( Ji-yeun Park ),김송이 ( Song-yi Kim ) 경락경혈학회 2023 Korean Journal of Acupuncture Vol.40 No.4

Objectives : This study aimed to determine the status of thermal stimulation devices approved in Korea for medical applications over the past 10 years, and based on this, to obtain insight for future thermal treatment in Korean medical institutions. Methods : We searched the item classification list entitled Regulations on Medical Device Items and Rating by Item” from the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety Notice No. 2021-24, 2021 (Enforced March 19, 2021; www.mfds.go.kr) for individually licensed heaters using the terms heat and heating. Results : We identified 17 items of thermal stimulation product group, of which 1,308 devices were licensed by February 4, 2022, and 53.2% of them (n=696) were devices with valid permits for distribution in Korea. Among the licensed devices, heating pad systems under/overlay (electric, home use) were approved the most, but combinational stimulator (for medical use, home use; Grade 2) accounted for the highest percentage among the current valid permission. Moxibustion apparatuses were licensed separately for electrical use and non-electrical use, and occupied a low percentage of the total devices. We analyzed 307 devices that were accompanied by technical documents and found that the heat sources were wires in 145 (47.2%), infrared rays in 44 (14.3%) and ultrasonic waves in 42 (13.7%) devices. Most (83.1%) devices were used for pain relief, while other applications included beauty, cancer treatment, maintenance of infant body temperature, and healing fractures. Conclusions : Thermal stimulation devices accounted for about 0.9% of all medical devices, and among them, combinational stimulators and heating pad systems under/overlay had the most valid permits. Thermal stimulation devices using heating wires and infrared rays were the most prevalent, and most were used to relieve pain. In order to develop a range of thermal stimulation devices that can be utilized in Korean medical institutions, it is imperative that they have potential applications beyond pain management, addressing various medical purposes. To achieve this, foundational research is necessary to effectively apply diverse heat sources based on medical objectives.

웨어러블 디바이스의 생리 신호 기반 온열 쾌적감 예측모델 개발

이윤희(Lee, Yoonhee),전정윤(Chun, Chungyoon) 대한건축학회 2021 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.37 No.10

Thermal comfort is essential to maintain a stress-free environment in a building. This study investigated the thermal environment to develop a thermal comfort prediction model based on physiological signals and thermal comfort-related responses obtained from a wearable device. Field experiments conducted in an office during cooling and heating seasons enabled the collection of real-time thermal comfort responses and physiological signals, such as skin temperature, heart rate, and electrodermal activity of the occupant using the wearable device. We analyzed the relationships between the thermal comfort responses, physiological factors, and thermal environment to develop an accurate thermal comfort prediction model. While the skin temperature and electrodermal activity exhibited a significant relationship with the thermal state, a low heart rate was observed in a more comfortable state. Moreover, machine learning classifiers predicted the thermal comfort state achieved an accuracy of 80% in both seasons using only physiological data. Thus, the feature importance of the random forest classifier verified that physiological factors aid the prediction of thermal states significantly. The proposed prediction model can be potentially applied in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) control. The high performance confirmed the use of wearable devices in identifying the thermal status of building occupants.

상변화 물질을 이용한 위성 탑재체 열제어기구 개발 및 환경시험

서정기,이상윤,김택영,현범석 한국항공우주학회 2015 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.11

상변화 물질을 이용한 열제어 장치는 상변화 물질이 갖는 잠열특성, 특정온도 상변화 성질을 활용한 온도제어 장치이다. 이는 첨단 열제어기술로 달탐사선, 화성탐사선 등에 사용되어 달과 화성의 극단적인 열환경에서도 시스템 정상임무 수행에 중요한 역할을 담당하였다. 본 연구에서는 기존 실용급 위성에 적용된 바 있는 위성 탑재체 열제어 장치를 상변화 물질 열제어 장치로 대체하여 경량화 및 열전달성능 개선을 목표로 하였다. 이를 위해 상변화 물질과 히트파이프(Heat Pipe)을 병렬로 연결한 새로운 열제어 시스템에 대한 개념 설계를 수행하였고, 핵심 부품인 상변화 물질 용기의 설계/해석/우주인증시험을 수행하여 개발된 장치의 신뢰성을 확인하였다. 본 연구결과로 제작된 열제어장치는 향후 개발 예정인 달탐사선 열제어에 적용될 수 있을 것으로 예상된다. TCDPCM(Thermal Control Device with Phase Change Material) is a thermal control device designed for spacecraft thermal control using phase change material. TCDPCM’s have been used in thermal control of several lunar rovers, Mars rovers and proved their thermal performance in spite of extreme thermal condition in Moon or Mars. In this study, a new thermal control device using phase change material and heat pipe is proposed and validated. Also, structural analysis and space qualification tests were performed for a PCM Container which is the most important component of the device. TCDPCM shows a good thermal/structural performance and can be used in thermal control device of real spacecraft.

Thermal buffer materials for enhancement of device performance of organic light emitting diodes fabricated by laser imaging process

Jeon, J.H.,Cha, S.J.,Jeon, Y.M.,Lee, J.H.,Suh, M.C. Elsevier Science 2014 ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Vol.15 No.11

Laser Induced Thermal Imaging (LITI) is a laser addressed thermal patterning technology with unique advantages such as an excellent uniformity of transfer film thickness, a capability of multilayer stack transfer and a possibility to fabricate high resolution as well as large-area display. Nevertheless, it has been an obstacle to use such a laser imaging process as a commercial technology so far because of serious deterioration of the device performances plausibly due to a re-orientation of the molecular stacking especially in the emitting layer during thermal transfer process. To improve device performances, we devised a new concept to suppress the thermal degradation during such kind of thermal imaging process by using a high molecular weight small molecular species with large steric hindrance as well as high thermostability as a thermal buffer layer to realize highly efficient LITI devices. As a result, we obtained very high relative efficiency (by EQE) up to 91.5% at 1000cd/m<SUP>2</SUP> from the LITI devices when we utilize 10-(naphthalene-2-yl)-3-(phenanthren-9-yl)spiro[benzo[ij]tetraphene-7,9'-fluorene] as a thermal buffer material.

Prediction of thermal stress in concrete structures with various restraints using thermal stress device

Cha, Sang Lyul,Lee, Yun,An, Gyeong Hee,Kim, Jin Keun Techno-Press 2016 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.17 No.2

Generally, thermal stress induced by hydration heat causes cracking in mass concrete structures, requiring a thorough control during the construction. The prediction of the thermal stress is currently undertaken by means of numerical analysis despite its lack of reliability due to the properties of concrete varying over time. In this paper, a method for the prediction of thermal stress in concrete structures by adjusting thermal stress measured by a thermal stress device according to the degree of restraint is proposed to improve the prediction accuracy. The ratio of stress in concrete structures to stress under complete restraint is used as the degree of restraint. To consider the history of the degree of restraint, incremental stress is predicted by comparing the degree of restraint and the incremental stress obtained by the thermal stress device. Furthermore, the thermal stresses of wall and foundation predicted by the proposed method are compared to those obtained by numerical analysis. The thermal stresses obtained by the proposed method are similar to those obtained by the analysis for structures with internally as well as externally strong restraint. It is therefore concluded that the prediction of thermal stress for concrete structures with various boundary conditions using the proposed method is suggested to be accurate.

전기방사된 Polyvinyl Alcohol 화이버의 열전도율 측정과 Graphene Oxide 및 Cellulose Nanocrystal 첨가에 의한 열전도율 증가

유명일(Myung Ill You),김덕은(Duk Eun Kim),김융암(Yoong Ahm Kim),신지훈(Ji hoon Shin),설재훈(Jae Hun Seol) 대한기계학회 2016 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2016 No.12

Application of polymer in heat management is very incomprehensive because of their very low thermal conductivity in contrast with metal. So, there are a lot of research results in improving thermal conductivity of polymer. There are several methods for improving thermal conductivity of polymer like aligning polymer chains and adding higher thermal conductivity filler. In this research, we use electrospinning system for making nano sized fiber using a kind of widely used polymer, Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA). Very low contents of Graphene Oxide (GO) and Crystal Nano Cellulose (CNC) is used as fillers for improving polymer thermal conductivity with preserving other original properties. Thermal conductivity of Electrospun fiber is measured is measured by suspended micro device.

Lifetime enhancement of blue thermally activated delayed fluorescent devices by separated carrier channels using dibenzofuran-triazine type hosts

Kang, Yu Jin,Han, Si Hyun,Lee, Jun Yeob THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING 2018 JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY -S Vol.62 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Lifetime enhancement of blue thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) devices was achieved using a carrier separating host structure which was developed using dibenzofuran-triazine type electron-transporting type host materials. Two host materials built on a chemical platform of dibenzofuran-triazine were synthesized as high triplet energy host materials for a blue TADF emitter and were mixed with a common hole-transporting type host. The separation of the carrier channel in the emitting layer lead to voltage reduction, external quantum efficiency increase, and lifetime extension of blue TADF devices.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Lifetime improvement of blue thermally activated delayed fluorescent devices by host engineering. </LI> <LI> Electron transport type host materials derived from dibenzofuran-triazine. </LI> <LI> Mixed host to separate carrier channel in blue thermally activated delayed fluorescent devices. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

전동차 추진제어용 IGBT 모듈 패키지의 방열 수치해석

서일웅(Il Woong Suh),이영호(Young-ho Lee),김영훈(Young-hoon Kim),좌성훈(Sung-Hoon Choa) 대한기계학회 2015 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.39 No.10

Insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) 소자는 전동차, 항공기 및 전기 자동차에 가장 많이 사용되는 고전압, 고전력용 전력 반도체이다. 그러나 IGBT 전력소자는 동작 시 발열 온도가 매우 높고, 이로 인해, IGBT 소자의 신뢰성 및 성능에 큰 영향을 미치고 있다. 따라서 발열 문제를 해결하기 위한 IGBT 모듈패키지의 방열 설계는 매우 핵심적인 기술이며, 특히, 소자가 동작 한계 온도에 올라가지 않도록 방열설계를 적절히 수행하여야 한다. 본 논문에서는 전동차에 사용되는 1200 A, 3.3 kV 급 IGBT 모듈 패키지의 열 특성에 대해 수치해석을 이용하여 분석하였다. IGBT 모듈 패키지에 사용되는 다양한 재료 및 소재의 두께에 대한 영향을 분석하였으며, 실험계획법을 이용한 최적화 설계를 수행하였다. 이를 통하여 열 저항을 최소화하기 위한 최적의 방열 설계 가이드 라인을 제시하고자 하였다. Insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) are the predominantly used power semiconductors for highcurrent applications, and are used in trains, airplanes, electrical, and hybrid vehicles. IGBT power modules generate a considerable amount of heat from the dissipation of electric power. This heat generation causes several reliability problems and deteriorates the performances of the IGBT devices. Therefore, thermal management is critical for IGBT modules. In particular, realizing a proper thermal design for which the device temperature does not exceed a specified limit has been a key factor in developing IGBT modules. In this study, we investigate the thermal behavior of the 1200 A, 3.3 kV IGBT module package using finite-element numerical simulation. In order to minimize the temperature of IGBT devices, we analyze the effects of various packaging materials and different thickness values on the thermal characteristics of IGBT modules, and we also perform a design-of-experiment (DOE) optimization.

CNC 공작기계의 열변형 오차보정 (Ⅱ) : 알고리즘 및 시스템 인터페이스 중심 System Interface

이재종,최대봉,박현구,류길상 한국공작기계학회 2002 한국공작기계학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2002 No.-

One of the major limitations of productivity and quality in metal cutting is the machining accuracy of machine tools. The machining accuracy is affected by geometric errors, thermally-induced errors, and the deterioration of the machine tools. Geometric and thermal errors of machine tools should be measured and compensated to manufacture high quality products. In metal cutting, the machining accuracy is more affected by thermal errors than by geometric errors. In this study, the compensation device and temperature-based algorithm have been implemented on the machining center in order to compensate thermal error of machine tools under the real-time. The thermal errors are predicted using the neural network and multi-regression modeling methods. In order to compensate thermal characteristics under several operating conditions, experiments performed with five gap sensors and manufactured compensation device on the horizontal machining center.

통합형 햅틱 디스플레이 개발

양태헌 한국교통대학교 2020 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.55 No.-

This paper presents a new miniature integrated haptic device consisting of a cutaneous, a thermal and a kinaesthetic module. To convey realistic tactile sensation in compact size, the cutaneous module is designed to contain a 3x3 miniature pin-array tactile device and amplitude-modulated vibration generator. The pin-array mimics from small-scale shape to rough surface, and the amplitude-modulated vibration replicates continuous texture feeling of the virtual object. The vibration generator is fabricated using a stack multilayer piezo actuator and a flexure structure. To further enhance the sense of reality, the thermal module including a peltier element and a cooling jacket is integrated to the cutaneous module. In addition to tactile information, the kinesthetic information is equally important in perceiving objects. Thus, two kinaesthetic actuators operated by MR fluids are inserted to the whole device by supporting the cutaneous module and the thermal module. Therefore, when users explore over virtual environments, they can simultaneously feel a cutaneous, a thermal and a kinaesthetic sensation by using the developed compact integrated haptic device.