민간항공사의 운항승무원에 영향을 주는 위협관리에 관한 연구

최진국 ( Jin Kook Choi ),김칠영 ( Chil Young Kim ) 한국항공운항학회 2010 한국항공운항학회지 Vol.18 No.2

The flight deck crew must manage complexity during daily flight operations. The Airline may obtain data regarding threats and errors through LOSA(Line Operations Safety Audits) on normal flights as predictive safety tool in Safety Management System of the Airline to actively improve the systems such as SOP(Standard Operation Procedure), training, evaluation and the TEM(Threat and Error Management) for the flight deck crew. The flight deck crew make errors when they fail managing threats. The crew mismanage around ten percent of threats and commit errors. The major mismanaged threats are aircraft malfunction, ATC(Air Traffic Communication), and wether threats. The effective countermeasures of TEM for manageing threats are leadership, workload management, monitor & cross check, Vigilance, communication environment and cooperation of the crew. It is important that organizations must monitor for the hazards of threats and improve system for the safer TEM environments.

조종사 Error 대응을 위한 LOSA 프로그램 코드유형 분석 및 변환

최진국(Jin KooK Choi),김대호(Dae Ho Kim) 대한인간공학회 2018 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.37 No.3

Objective: The Purpose of this paper is to analyze and adjust the LOSA codes types in consideration of the characteristics and environment for the aviation organization with proactive aviation safety. Background: It may be required to analyze and adjust the LOSA codes for effective collection standards. It could better serve to identify the threats and Errors of the characteristics of the organizations for effective data collection. Method: It is analyze and adjusted for the threats and Errors codes on transportation purpose through the monitoring the flight operation and consulting from aviation safety specialists. The qualitative verifications are done by the domestic and international subject matter experts. Results: The analysis and adjustments on the threats and Errors codes types are made through in consideration of the flight environments. Conclusion: The LOSA has been promoted by international organizations as ICAO, IATA, FAA and IFAPA. It is required to implement LOSA as proactive safety tool to identify actual threats and Error of the cockpit for better management of human factors in safety management system with adjusted types of threats. Application: The aviation organizations are expected to manage aviation safety efficiently implementing LOSA by enhancing the safety change process before the accidents and incident occurs. The actual behavior of the crew can be identified explained through the narrations for improvements on standard procedures and training based on the evidence using types adjusted on this paper.

민간항공조종사의 항공교통관제 관련 인적 에러에 관한 연구

최진국(Jinkook Choi) 대한인간공학회 2018 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.37 No.3

Objective: The purpose of this paper is to understand the flight crew error related with the ATC (air traffic control) communication. Background: The flying skill of the pilots are regarded as core part human performance in an Airline, however international society such as ICAO recommend airlines to implement competency based training which deals communication as core competency including ATC communication in English. Method: This study deals with the human errors of the airline pilots on ATC communications through LOSA (Line Operation Safety Audit) implemented by airlines A. Results: The most frequent communication errors on ATC by pilots are the wrong readback to ATC There are more error on larger fleet that operated mainly in international flights. Conclusion: The mismanagement of ATC errors by pilots are wrong readback or misinterpretation of ATC instructions. The mismanagement rate has been improved by 46% that first LOSA. Application: This study may help other airlines to enhance their managements on ATC errors. The airlines may train their pilots to manage ATC communication error and improve the system by providing situation awareness contents available for pilots including the training. The airline also may publish the information material explaining the ATC on the airports about special characteristics so the flight crew may have increased situation awareness.

LOSA실행을 통한 운항 승무원 수행 분석

최진국 ( Jin Kook Choi ),김칠영 ( Chil Young Kim ) 한국항공운항학회 2008 한국항공운항학회지 Vol.16 No.2

ICAO(International Givil Aviation Organization) Doc 9803의 국제규정에 의거하여 SMS(Safety Management System-안전관리시스템)의 대표적인 비행안전 모니터링 프로그램으로 인정된 신개념의 운항감사제도인 LOSA(Line Operations Safety Audit-항공운항 안전감사)를 항공사에서 실시하여 정상 운항시의 운항승무원을 관찰하여 실제의 안전취약 및 위협요소, Error를 포착하여 텍사스대학 인적요인 연구소에서 작성한 최종보고서의 분석을 통해 제도와 방안을 개선한다. 본 논문에서는 LOSA실행을 통한 승무원들의 위협 및 error의 유형과 발생율, 관리율 및 관리여부를 분석하여 설명하고 항공사내 개선인 SCP(Safety Change Process)를 소개하는데 있다.

LOSA실행을 통한 운항 승무원 수행 분석

Choi, Jin-Kook,Kim, Chil-Young 한국항공운항학회 2008 한국항공운항학회지 Vol.16 No.2

ICAO(International Civil Aviation Organization) Doc 9803의 국제규정에 의거하여 SMS(Safety Management System-안전관리시스템)의 대표적인 비행안전 모니터링 프로그램으로 인정된 신개념의 운항감사제도인 LOSA(Line Operations Safety Audit-항공운항 안전감사)를 항공사에서 실시하여 정상 운항시의 운항승무원을 관찰하여 실제의 안전취약 및 위협요소, Error를 포착하여 텍사스대학 인적요인 연구소에서 작성한 최종보고서의 분석을 통해 제도와 방안을 개선한다. 본 논문에서는 LOSA실행을 통한 승무원들의 위협 및 error의 유형과 발생율, 관리율 및 관리여부를 분석하여 설명하고 항공사내 개선인 SCP(Safety Change Process)를 소개하는데 있다.

한국에서의 NOSS적용에 관한 연구

최연철 ( Youn Chul Choi ) 한국항공운항학회 2010 한국항공운항학회지 Vol.18 No.2

Normal Operations Safety Survey (NOSS), a methodology for capturing safety data during normal Air Traffic Control (ATC) operations. The NOSS methodology is based on the Threat and Error Management (TEM) framework, and is a safety management tool to monitor safety during normal aviation operations. Monitoring safety in normal operations is an essential activity within the safety management systems of Air Traffic Services (ATS) providing organizations, and NOSS is proposed as a suitable way to do this. This study, operating in the latter half of the year of 2010 in South Korea on NOSS was the understanding and to apply.

한국에서의 NOSS적용에 관한 연구

최연철 한국항공운항학회 2010 한국항공운항학회지 Vol.18 No.2

Normal Operations Safety Survey (NOSS), a methodology for capturing safety data during normal Air Traffic Control (ATC) operations. The NOSS methodology is based on the Threat and Error Management (TEM) framework, and is a safety management tool to monitor safety during normal aviation operations. Monitoring safety in normal operations is an essential activity within the safety management systems of Air Traffic Services (ATS)providing organizations, and NOSS is proposed as a suitable way to do this. This study,operating in the latter half of the year of 2010 in South Korea on NOSS was the understanding and to apply.

A Study on Flight Crew Cabin Threats

최진국 한국항공운항학회 2023 한국항공운항학회지 Vol.31 No.2

항공 사고는 첨단 항공 기술의 발달로 꾸준히 감소해 왔지만, 여전히 발생하고 있다. 조종사는 목적지 공항까지 안전하고 효율적으로 비행하기 위해 위협과 오류를 관리해야 한다. 조종사에게 영향을 미치는 위협은 환경적 위협과 항공사 위협으로 나눌 수 있으며, 환경사위협에는 객실 위협이 포함된다. 조종사와 객실 승무원은 정상적인 운항 중에는 협력이 필요하며, 비상시에는 안전한 비행을 위해 효과적인 협력이 절대적으로 필요하다. 조종사가 비행 중에 간섭이나 작업 흐름의 중단이 발생할 때 에러를 할 가능성이 높아진다. 항공사들은 안전 운항을 방해할 수 있는 객실위협의 종류를 적극적으로 식별하고 분석하여, 조종사들이 안전한 비행을 유지하기 위해서 위협을 관리하도록 절차 및 훈련을 개선해야 한다. 본 연구는 안전 관리시스템(SMS)의 안전도구인 LOSA(Line Operation Safety Audit)를 기반으로 기내위협의 유형을 파악하고, 항공사들에게 조종실위협 관리를 체계적으로 개선하는 데 필요한 객실위협과 간섭에 대한 자료를 제공하고자 한다.

A Study on the Automation Errors in the cockpit

Jin Kook Choi(최진국),Dae Ho Kim(김대호) 대한인간공학회 2019 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.10

LOSA 안전개선 운영에 대한 고찰

최진국(Jinkook Choi),조환기(Hwanki Cho),전승준(Seungjoon Jeon) 항공우주시스템공학회 2018 항공우주시스템공학회 학술대회 발표집 Vol.2018 No.4