물환경 서비스와 물 인프라의 지속가능성 평가(2)

강형식,이병국,김호정,구윤모,김지은,이선,김윤정 한국환경연구원 2015 사업보고서 Vol.2015 No.-

Sustainabiliy of water infrastructure and its services requires coordinated integration of economic, social and environmental support. Considering the importance of water in human life, assessment of such sustainability has become a critical issue to cope with. With the quantitative growth of water infrastructure in Korea, however, related maintenance and operating costs will continue to grow without adequate financial and social measures. Low water rate, excessive water intake rate, and inequal distribution of infrastructures have also emerged as major issues. Under the circumstances, although the concept of sustainability and its assessment indicators have been developed by several researchers, sustainability assessment framework for water has not been widely suggested. Therefore, in this study, we attempt to develop sustainability assessment framework to evaluate water infrastructure and its services by employing a triple bottom line approach. Specifically, this study aims to demonstrate sustainability system of water resources, and develop a set of assessment indicators in the nation’s mid-watershed. Moreover, available data and distribution of water infrastructure are presented to adopt a developed assessment framework in Nakdong-river. Final sustainability indicators of water infrastructure and its services are consisted of economic, social and environmental sectors. Economic variables mainly focus on the financial health and status of asset management. On the other hand, social variables evaluate the social equity to water services. In the environmental sector, degree of ecological health, which covers concepts such as biodiversity, ecological connectivity, and environmental load, were measured. By evaluating such variables, we conducted interviews with relevant experts, and also used assessment programs including ArcGIS 10.0 and Vensim software. The relationship between indices were described with a causal loop diagram by adopting the theory of system dynamics. The results of this study propose the importance of integral efforts between economic, social and environmental sectors. For Geumho mid-watershed, adequate allotment of water rate and enhancement of financial health were suggested as the main solution for improving the equity of water services. Moreover, improvements in instream management achieved by lowering the environmental load within appropriate flow were significant. In the meantime, low data availability in Nakdonggang River caused difficulties in conducting a detailed assessment. Additional database on maintenance cost should be organized in the future. Moreover, establishment of an asset management system is strongly recommended in order to manage water infrastructure as an asset. This study contributed to the development of water resource sustainability assessment in three ways. First, we defined the components of water sustainability system and risks related to various water infrastructures and their services. Second, the paper suggested comprehensive assessment indicators constituted of economic, social and environmental sectors by considering their inter-relationship. Lastly, we presented political strategies for enhancing water sustainability in the nation’s mid-watershed, and also proposed additional requirements for a more detailed assessment in the future. We believe the paper may offer useful assessment strategy and data for sustainable and qualitative water services.

지속가능성과 환경평가의 연계에 관한 연구

홍상표 ( Sang Pyo Hong ) 한국환경영향평가학회 2011 환경영향평가 Vol.20 No.3

Sustainability assessments tend to integrate ecological, social, and economic concerns. Sustainability assessment could be considered the highest rung in the assessment ladder. Broad strategies that seek to integrate individual SEA(Strategic Environmental Assessment) could be subjected to a sustainability assessment. Sustainability assessment could incorporate global and transboundary effects and priorities into SEA and project-level EIA(Environmental Impact Assessment). SEA could provide an environmental context and direction for project-level EIA. Procedural and substantive EIA requirements can be addressed through tiering such as sustainability assessment, SEA, project-level EIA. In Korea, PERS(Prior Environmental Review System) that has been utilized to evaluate administrative plans related with various kinds of development projects should be evolved not only to incorporate environmental impacts into early stage decision-making, but also to implicate sustainability assessments that include social equity and economic efficiency. Integration of SEA and sustainability assessment can be initiated through the application of DPSIR (Driving Force - Pressure - State - Impact - Response ) framework that was developed by European Environmental Agency.

국내 전략환경평가의 사회,경제성 부문 기능 확립을 위한 기초연구

이상윤,최준규,이영재,주용준,오진관 한국환경연구원 2013 한국환경정책평가연구원 기초연구보고서 Vol.2013 No.-

This study examined applications of environmental justice in the strategic environmental assessment in the United Kingdom(U.K.). Through this examination, policy implications to establish socioeconomic assessments in the Korean strategic environmental assessment were proposed. We analyzed how the strategic environmental assessment in the United Kingdom was applied. In 2001, the European Union developed the Strategic Environmental Assessment Directive to provide the legal basis for its member states to establish strategic environmental assessment programs. The U.K. mandated the sustainability appraisal when regional spatial plans or local development plans were created, and the sustainability appraisal can be used as an alternative to strategic environmental assessment. To make this possible, the U.K. amended the procedure of the sustainability appraisal to comply with the procedure of strategic environmental assessment regulated under the Directive. The Scottish government expanded that all public plans, programmes, strategies must go through strategic environmental assessment under newly created the Scottish Strategic Environmental Assessment Act in 2005. The U.K. (including Scottish) strategic environmental assessment was developed to accomplish sustainable development, and one of the principles of sustainable development is promoting social equity. Given strategic environmental assessment, promotion of environmental justice rather than social justice was emphasized in the U.K. strategic environmental assessment. In England, through various environmental justice studies, it is established that environmental inequality is a serious social problem in England. Because of this, environmental inequality became a critical component in the sustainability appraisal. By contrast, the Scottish government and academia insisted that environmental justice should play a pivotal role in the strategic environmental assessment. Because the U.K. sustainability appraisal was based on objective-led assessment, several problem emerged such as inability to clearly defined objectives of sustainable development and/or environmental justice and limitations of public participation due to the expert-oriented assessment structure. For Scotland, because principles of environmental justice in the U.S. were accepted without adjustments in Scottish social circumstances, assessments of environmental inequality in the national level were inadequately carried out, no social consensus that environmental inequality is a serious social problem was reached. Thus, the claim that environmental justice should play a pivotal role in the strategic environmental assessment remains political and academic rhetorics. Through examination of U.K. and Scottish application of environmental justice in strategic environmental assessments, several policy implications to establish environmental justice evaluations in the Korean strategic environmental assessment were proposed. They are (1) necessity to develop methods for environmental justice evaluations: (2) establishment of databases to accomplish environmental justice evaluations: (3) enhancement of procedural aspects of the strategic environmental assessment: (4) Utilization of current political opportunities: (5) Developing the sustainability appraisal system in the long-term.

A Comparative Analysis of Performance Assessment Tools for Establishing Evaluation Framework for Sustainable Buildings

Hae Jin Kang,Eon Ku Rhee 대한건축학회 2014 Architectural research Vol.16 No.4

Recently, the development of sustainable building assessment tools as means to invigorate the dissemination of sustainable buildings has been actively progressed. However, many assessment tools involve various problems in terms of assessment method and system framework, which greatly impede their credibility and applicability. If these problems persist over time, the role of sustainable building assessment tools as decision making measures during the design stage will be greatly limited. The objective of the study is to suggest a systematic model for sus- tainable building assessment tools by establishing a logical system of performance assessment framework. For this purpose, the Environmen- tal Impact Assessment(EIA) framework used in selected and modified to fit the building performance assessment. The analysis of performance assessment tools for sustainable buildings was conducted using the EIA framework. Based on the results of the analysis, a framework for the performance assessment of sustainable buildings was established.

Development of a Tourism Sustainability Assessment Methodology Based on Stakeholder Inputs : A Conceptual Approach

Tae-Gyou Ko 한국관광학회 2003 International Journal of Tourism Sciences Vol.3 No.1

This paper addresses the issue of how progress towards sustainable tourism development (STD) can be measured. The purpose of this paper is to attempt to develop a practical method of monitoring the progress towards STD in terms of system quality. "Barometer of Tourism Sustainability" (BTS) and "AMOEBA of Tourism Sustainability Indicators" (ATSI) are introduced as devices for the tourism sustainability assessment. A conceptual framework is formulated to generate quantitative data for the models, with two systems, eight dimensions and a number of indicators as the assessment components. Four types of sustainability gradations are suggested in the BTS and ATSI analyses: (1) BTSI and ATSI1 - sustainable, potentially sustainable, intermediate, potentially unsustainable and unsustainable; (2) BTS2 and ATSI2 - sustainable, potentially sustainable, potentially unsustainable and unsustainable; (3) BTS3 and ATSI3 - sustainable, intermediate, and unsustainable; and (4) BTS4 and ATSI4- sustainable, and unsustainable.

지방도시의 지속가능성 평가모형

홍영록,권상준,명현,Hong, Young-Rok,Kwon, Sang-Zoon,Myung, Hyun 한국조경학회 1999 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.27 No.4

This study aims to find basic data for using the quantitative assessment of the sustainability and establishing the systematic index of the planning for local cities to consider the environmentally sound and sustainable development. The research designs to review professional responding to surveys preceded by separate questionnaires and interviews from book reviews, and suggests to make an assessment model of the sustainability for local cities. The research found consequently as follows. Firstly, the research survey items were decides totally 52, grouped 9 assessmental issues and distributed under 4 assessmental domains for the sustainability from the references of book reviews. Secondly, the research result concentrated on the followings from the professional responding to surveys. 1. A most influent factor is the distribution of animals and plants in a nature domain. The next influent factors are the ratio of mass-transportation systems, the numbers of the species of animals and plants, the acreage of conservative forestry, the numbers of reused water resources, and the usage number of water supply, orderly in the nature domain. 2. A most influent factor is the usage number of synthetic detergents in a pollution domain. The next influent factors are the volume of waste water, the number of registered vehicles, the degree of soil pollution, and the charge of development imposition, orderly in the pollution domain. 3. A most influent factor is the acreage of athletic facilities, in an urban domain. the next influent factors are the acreage of recreational facilities, the number and acreage of cultural assets, the number of cultural facilities, the acreage of landscape conservation area, the charge of cultural asset management, orderly in the urban domain. 4. A most influent factor is the number of waste disposal facilities in a participation domain. The next influent factors are the capacity of reused waste, the usage of synthetic detergents, the ratio of waste water disposal, orderly in the participation domain. 5. A most contributed influent domain to the assessment of the sustainability for local cities is the urban domain. The next influent domains are nature domain, participation domain, and pollution domain, orderly in the contribution of the assessment of the sustainability. But, the pollution domain is little relationship with the sustainability. Therefore, it is clear that the abundant greens and the improved level of culture are dominant influences on the sustainabiligy, as like improving the ratio of roadside trees, the acreage of parks, and enlarging the number of cultural facilities.

국가 정책·계획 지속가능성 평가체계 개발

김호석 ( Kim Ho-seok ) 한국환경연구원 2017 수시연구보고서 Vol.2017 No.-

The Presidential Commission on Sustainable Development (PCSD) had been established in 2000 to support the integration of environment and development in the policy making process as recommended by Agenda 21. ‘The Sustainability Review Process for laws and medium- and long-term plans’ was first introduced when the Regulations on the Commission on Sustainable Development was revised in 2002. The review process was one of the core functions of the PCSD, particularly strengthened by the establishment of the Framework Act on Sustainable Development in 2007, but its effectiveness has decreased sharply since the period of Green Growth when the Commission’s institutional status was adjusted to a commission under the Minister of Environment. The Moon Jae-in administration unveiled its five-year policy agenda in July 2017, which includes the restructure of the sustainable development governance and the institutional status of the National Commission on Sustainable Development (NCSD) as one of its 100 policy tasks to accomplish over the next five years. It also includes a plan to strengthen the role of the Commission by making the sustainability review for national strategies and sectoral policies and plans mandatory and enhance the effectiveness of the Review Process. The Sustainability Review Process, which currently applies to the laws and 71 medium- and long-term national plans in the establishment or amendment, assesses potential environmental, economic and social impacts and provides the results to the government department or agency. In line with the planned change of its institutional status, the Commission has strong reasons to reshape the current review process: i) the existence of various sectoral impact assessments or processes which weaken the rationale for the current assessment-style sustainability review process, ii) the need to adjust existing criteria to ensure consistency with the national sustainable development strategies, iii) the need to include criteria which help to implement the 2030 Agenda, especially regarding follow up and review at the national level, and iv) the need to incorporate criteria that can consider the interlinkages between different goals and assess policy coherence. This study aims to improve the sustainability review process by developing a new set of criteria categorized in three themes of consistency, effectiveness and coherence, which respond to the needs listed above. We suggest that the current review process would need to make a transition to the process of ‘sustainability assurance’ for national polices and plans, so that the process can enhance its role in integrating and coordinating different sectoral actions, avoiding any possible administrative inefficiencies with respect to relevant sectoral assessments or processes.

문화영향평가제도의 헌법적 의미와 운영방향에 관한 연구

장인호 제주대학교 법과정책연구원 2018 法과 政策 Vol.24 No.3

The international community recognizes the importance of preserving and developing culture in realizing human values such as human dignity and sustainability in order to realize the values jointly realized by humanity. and the Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions. In order to preserve, maintain and develop the culture that the individual has autonomously created, he urged the legislative implementation of the cultural impact assessment system. At the same time, impact assessments in various countries such as Germany, France, and the United States have come to be applied not only to the environment but also to society, economy, traffic and culture. Especially, as the necessity of cultural impact assessment is increased in the preservation of national identity and cultural preservation, each country is preparing and operating a culture impact assessment to maximize the positive impact and minimize the negative impact using the impact evaluation in the cultural field. In Korea, too, Article 5 (4) and (5) of Article 5 (4) and (5) of the 「Culture Fundamental Law」 have legislated a culture impact assessment system to evaluate the impact of the state on the quality of life , And is making efforts to spread cultural values to society through cultural influence evaluation operation. However, the cultural impact assessment system has various problems related to its operation and development such as unclear objects, lack of characteristics, lack of direction, and lack of principles. As a result, the cultural impact assessment did not sufficiently meet the original legislative intent, and the need to improve the cultural impact assessment problem also increased in order to ensure the effectiveness of the cultural impact assessment. Therefore, through this study, the cultural impact assessment system should be systematically operated from the long-term perspective as it is originally intended, and the cultural impact assessment system should examine the constitutional value that ultimately should be pursued in its operation. The purpose of this study is to examine the background, international trends, and constitutional implications of the cultural impact assessment system in order to analyze concretely, systematically, rationally operation, development direction and principle of the culture impact assessment system. 국제사회는 인간존엄성・지속가능성 등 인류가 공동으로 실현해야 할 가치들을 실질적으로 실현하는데 있어서 문화의 보존・발전이 중요함을 인식하고 「문화적 표현의 다양성 보호와 증진을 위한 협약(Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions)」 등 국제협약을 체결하고 개인이 자율적으로 생성해온 문화를 보존・유지・발전 등을 이루기 위해 문화영향평가제라는 제도적 장치의 입법・이행을 촉구하였다. 이와 동시에 전 세계 독일・프랑스・미국 등 각 국가에서 영향평가가 환경 분야를 넘어 사회・경제・교통은 물론 문화 분야에까지 적용되기에 이르렀다. 특히 국가정체성 유지, 문화 보존 등에 있어 문화영향평가의 필요성이 증대됨에 따라 문화 분야의 영향평가를 이용해 긍정적인 영향은 극대화하고 부정적 영향을 최소화하기 위해 각국은 문화영향평가를 마련・운영하고 있다. 이러한 가운데 우리나라도 「문화기본법」 제5조 제4항과 제5항에서 문화영향평가제도를 입법함으로써 국가가 각종계획・정책을 수립할 경우 문화적 관점에서 국민 삶의 질에 미치는 영향을 평가하도록 했으며, 문화영향평가 운영을 통해 문화적 가치가 사회적으로 확산될 수 있도록 노력하고 있다. 그러나 문화영향평가제도는 그 운영・발전과 관련해 대상 불명확, 특성 불충분, 방향 부재, 원칙 미흡 등과 같은 여러 문제점이 나타났다. 이로 인하여 문화영향평가가 원래의 입법취지에 충분히 부합하지 못하여 문화영향평가의 실효성 확보 등을 위해 문화영향평가 문제점의 개선필요성도 점증했다. 그러므로 본 연구를 통하여 문화영향평가제도가 본래 도입취지에 걸맞게 장기적 안목에서 체계적・효율적으로 운영될 수 있는지에 대해 검토하겠다. 아울러, 문화영향평가제도가 그 운영에 있어 궁극적으로 추구해야할 헌법적 가치를 검토하고 이러한 헌법적 가치에 터 잡은 문화영향평가제도의 합리적인 운영방향과 운영원칙에 대해 구체적으로 분석하겠다. 이를 위하여 문화영향평가제도의 논의배경, 국제적 동향, 헌법적 의미 등을 살펴보고자 한다.

환경영향평가제도 개선을 위한 지속가능성 평가 도입 방안

오수길(Oh, Soo-Gil),김은경(Kim, Eun-Kyung) 한국지방정부학회 2013 지방정부연구 Vol.17 No.4

환경영향평가제도가 도입됨으로써 많은 성과를 거두었지만, 개발 사업을 합리화 하는 데 활용되고 있다는 비판도 높다. 특히 지방자치단체의 경우 주로 중앙정부가 진행하는 개발 사업에 대한 형식적인 의견 제출에 그치는 경우가 많아 지방의 지속가능발전을 저해하는 일에 적극적인 개입을 하기 어렵다. 이 글은 충청남도 사례를 중심으로 환경영향평가서 검토 과정을 개선하여 환경영향평가제도의 한계를 일정 정도 극복하고, 지방자치단체의 지속가능성 제고에 기여할 수 있는 지속가능성 평가의 도입방안을 제안하는 데 목적이 있다. 연구를 통해 30개의 지속가능성 평가지표를 예시로 도출하였고, 시민참여, 교육, 환류체계 등의 보완조치를 제시하였다. In Korea, 35 years have passed since Environmental Impact Assessment was established. But the institution has not be dealt with effectively in the local level. What is worse, there is criticism to point the Environmental Impact Assessment is just an instrument to justify the large scale development affairs of the central government. The purpose of this study is to suggest the introducing the sustainability evaluation which is supposed to overcome the limitation of Environmental Impact Assessment and contribute to implement sustainable development in local governments by improving the reviewing Environmental Impact Assessment Documents. For this, after analyzing Chungcheongnam-do case, we suggested 30 components and a number of reference indicators as the Sustainability Assessment checklist. More importantly, the process of Sustainability Assessment should be based on the citizen participation, education, and feedback system.

생태정보학적 생물다양성 평가기술 개발(Ⅱ) : 생물다양성 지도를 통한 정책활용 방안

이후승,사공희,주용준,지민규,정슬기 한국환경연구원 2020 기본연구보고서 Vol.2020 No.-

Ⅰ. Background and Aims of Research 1. Necessity and Purpose of Research □ Continuing efforts to ensure the implementation of the 4th National Biological Diversity Strategy (’19~’23) for the implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity for the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Biological Diversity and the access and sharing of benefits of biological genetic resources are carried out. ㅇ Investment of more than 1 trillion won per year from eight ministries and three offices during the 3rd National Biological Diversity Strategy period - Annual investment in ‘sustainable use of biodiversity’ is the highest (more than 50%). - Investment in ‘mainstreaming of biodiversity’ in 2018 increased by 130% compared to 2014, which is the sharpest increase. ㅇ The 3rd National Biodiversity Strategy contributes to reflecting the value of biodiversity in legal plans in various fields, including forests and oceans, and promotes mainstreaming in government departments and expanding investment in ecological services and establishing national strategies. □ The lack of quantitative assessment of biodiversity led to the lack of organic cooperation systems due to diversified policies and systems and poor performance in enhancing fundamental biodiversity. ㅇ For the National Ecosystem Survey which is the basis for the biodiversity assessment in Korea, more than 6.25 billion won was spent from the business budget from 1986 to 2015. - The current status of biodiversity in the Ecosystem and Nature Maps, which grade the natural environment, and its use for policy purposes as an indicator are insufficient. ※ The Ecosystem and Nature Map is a map developed under the Natural Environment Conservation Act which grades the natural environment for their ecological value, naturality, landscape value and so on, into 1st (preservation and restoration), 2nd (minimization of damage), and 3rd (development and use) grade. ㅇ It is pointed out that the composition of the Pressure-State-Response inspection index system configured for the implementation of the 3rd National Biological Diversity Strategy and performance monitoring is incomplete. - Some status indicators exist in the national biodiversity strategy inspection indicators, but the indicators for species, habitat, ecosystem services, and pollution levels are insufficient. - Efforts for quantitative research and evaluation are needed, including developing pressure indicators (P) that reduce biodiversity, such as climate change and pollution, and current indicators (S) that explain current biodiversity, as the current indicators are mainly concentrated (92%) in those reflecting policy responses (R) such as laws and systems. ㅇ Basic levels of biodiversity are assessed in biodiversity strategies and environmental impact assessments, but there is no implementation system for biodiversity assessment based on political analysis results. - Natural resources indicators for policy development corresponding to the international standards, such as the natural resources distribution status and changes in population by region, and measures to visualize the results are insufficient. - The absence of the most basic national and regional biodiversity status limits the reflection of biodiversity as an evaluation factor in the national biodiversity strategy and environmental impact assessment. □ Although Korea is focusing on expanding the production of biodiversity information, improving accessibility, and developing a system that can be shared more effectively using internationally advanced techniques, it still fails to provide the basic biodiversity status. ㅇ Internationally, the current status of biodiversity and species abundance is provided as a biodiversity map and used in making policy decisions. ㅇ The number of species listings in Korea has been on the rise since 2012, and there is a plan to list 85,000 species of native species in 2035 through the Ministry of Environment’s policy task of expanding ecological capacity on the Korean Peninsula but current status information in the form of a biodiversity map and so on is still unavailable. □ In this study, we analyzed the current status and problems of policies related to biodiversity and sought ways to map out the basic national biodiversity status using the natural environment monitoring information, such as long-term national natural environment surveys, etc., at the pan-ministerial level, and utilize ecological and information biodiversity assessment techniques based on systematic diversity. ㅇ We derived policy utilization measures using systematic diversity assessment and systematic diversity assessment maps in line with biodiversity agreements and IPBES evaluation indexes. ㅇ In the policies and projects of the relevant ministries, such as the Ministry of Environment, the Korea Forest Service, the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, and the Ministry of Science and ICT related to the assessment of biodiversity, a mid- to long-term policy utilization plan can be sought to increase efficiency by proposing interconnection and integrated access to research projects such as monitoring using natural resources. ㅇ We drew up methods for utilizing ICT-based digital environment assessment for upgrading environmental impact assessment and improvement of preparation techniques for utilizing systematic diversity assessment (proposal). Ⅱ. Current Status of Infrastructure Policy for the Assessment of Biological Diversity □ Although biomass surveys based on the assessment of biodiversity have been conducted by various ministries and research institutes for a long period of time, they were conducted for the purpose of establishing current data on biological resources rather than designing methods for assessing and analyzing biodiversity. ㅇ In order to improve scientific objectivity in evaluating species and ecosystem diversity, the government plans to prioritize the status of habitats and establish habitat-oriented conservation strategies to promote policy changes to maintain species diversity in the habitat. ㅇ In order to have expertise as a citizen scientist rather than ending up with basic monitoring, efforts such as establishing colleges and science classes for the general public are needed. □ In ecosystem services assessment, the support base is divided into species and habitat. Although the number of species is calculated as the number of wild birds, habitats could include environments both suitable/unsuitable for birds, so it is necessary to prepare a solution. ㅇ It is necessary to develop diverse techniques and frameworks that can perform evaluations only with the number of species and parts that need to be managed in an integrated manner in biodiversity assessment indicators, measurement items, and evaluation methods. □ Biological resource surveys conducted for various ecosystems on the Korean Peninsula have been conducted for the purpose of each project in various ministries and agencies for a long period of time, but unlike the monitoring programs in which large-scale research personnel are employed, most business-specific monitoring is subject to problems in systematic data collection and management due to low durability. ㅇ It is judged that these problems result from the minute differences between the survey methods, the surveyors, the weather on the day of the survey, and other environmental effects. □ In order for various biological resource survey programs with the same limited research personnel to be operated in a more sophisticated way, it is most urgent to foster survey personnel for each classification group at the national level, and furthermore, it is proposed to prepare and operate a national standard bio-resource-survey manual. ㅇ We propose to establish a comprehensive management system for survey programs operated by the central government, local governments, and related agencies to promote spatial and time management so that different surveys do not overlap in the same area, thereby improving the quality of surveys such as scrutiny and expanding survey areas and periods. ㅇ By managing a pool of investigators by classification group, it is expected that we can have an objective basis for developing a variety of policies, such as the necessity for supporting survey personnel and workforce training programs. Ⅲ. Development of the Ecoinformatics Biodiversity Assessment Map and their Application to Policies □ In utilizing the ecoinformatics biodiversity assessment technology, mapping can be carried out by means of mapping phylogenetic diversity assessment results as they are, such as the Ecosystem and Nature Map, or by grading index results, but in terms of utilization, this study suggests direct mapping of index results. ㅇ In assessing diversity, it is judged that a complex diversity assessment can be conducted by using phylogenetic diversity and species diversity together rather than using only one index. - Phylogenetic diversity and species diversity in areas with the same number of species were found to be different, indicating that they can be highly utilized as an indicator of diversity assessment. Ⅳ. Utilization of the Ecoinformatics Biodiversity Assessment Technology for Policy Development □ Proposal of a short-term application plan for the evaluation of biodiversity in environmental impact assessment, etc. ㅇ It can be used for providing political grounds, such as the current status of diversity and the establishment of target criteria for diversity, etc. in establishing conservation measures in terms of biodiversity. ㅇ The purpose of the project is to minimize environmental impact, such as finding causes and establishing proper reduction measures based on the results by conducting time series analysis of species diversity ㅇ Since the number of species provides basic status information and information on the size of habitats in a broad sense in evaluating changes in species, especially in animals, the limitations of evaluating the fragmentation of species diversity, such as changes in species composition or fragmentation due to legal protection resulting from development projects exist. □ We divided our suggestions into those for infrastructure establishment and those for policy promotion in terms of the implementation of the mediumand long-term measures for policy development such as national master plans and international treaties. ㅇ For the proper use of ecoinformatics biodiversity assessment techniques based on genetic information, the first step is to complete the system chart of each classification group at the national level. ㅇ Since it is operated at the level of monitoring database, such as basic life-history information on species and location information of observations or samples, it is possible to evaluate the species abundance level only in terms of biodiversity evaluation, so it is not much utilized for policy development. ㅇ Considering the limitations of the use of genetic information, the government should first complete the schematic diagram reflecting the National Species list and expressive characteristics and promote continuous improvement. ㅇ Although survey techniques are well established according to the characteristics of each classification group, it is necessary to establish a standardization system as there are differences between the survey systems by institution and research purpose. ㅇ Since consensus has been formed on the need for unification at the basic survey level in regard to the survey systems according to various types of ecosystems, a basic survey method (proposal) for national biological resources for basic surveys, including common survey systems and joint survey forms by classification group, should be prepared. □ It is discussed that monitoring, i.e. systematic investigation of biological resources and standardization of techniques, should be promoted as a prerequisite for policy development. ㅇ It is pointed out in common that when establishing a protected area for important biological resources, since there is a lack of standardized technology and system regarding intensity, time, and workforce of investigation, it is hard to utilize the survey results conducted by the various ministries for promoting policies at the national level. ㅇ Although a variety of surveys are conducted by institute, there are sites that are blind spots in the nationally led surveys and investigation of these sites can be promoted by the local governments and civic groups. However, a lack of expertise and the credibility problem exposed limitations, calling for urgent improvement. - It has been discussed that monitoring should be carried out as a prerequisite for policy development, i.e. systematic investigation of biological resources and standardization of techniques should be carried out. □ In order to respond to the demand for a paradigm shift as a basis for operating a system that people can trust by developing evaluation techniques in a quantitative and scientific manner in environmental impact assessment, the Ministry of Environment will promote the development of an algorithm to support decision-making based on ICT from 2020. ㅇ ICT-based environmental impact assessment, or digital EIA, is to systematize a series of environmental impact assessment processes that have been classified as areas of expertise through a review decisionmaking algorithm. - The Ministry of Environment’s national environmental assessment guidance was implemented for the purpose of mapping and utilizing the results of integrated DB construction and has been steadily improving so far, but its utilization in environmental impact assessment review and decision-making has been poor compared to developing the ecological and natural map. - There still exist limitations in utilizing the digital EIA in the environmental impact assessment system where interests may conflict over issues such as promoting development projects, especially when it comes to the direct use as data for environmenta impact assessment review and decision-making. □ Although regulations on the preparation of environmental impact assessment state that reviewing of biodiversity is only required for strategic environmental impact assessment, in environmental impact assessment, small-scale environmental impact assessment, and postenvironmental impact assessment, it is assessed under ‘community analysis’ within ‘reviewing of fauna and flora.’ ㅇ Transition from a system in which assessors investigate, assess, and write the methods by themselves in regard to species abundance and species diversity, to a system in which diversity assessment results including ecoinformatics biodiversity assessment are printed after inputting monitoring data. Ⅴ. Conclusion and Suggestions □ A plan to utilize phylogenetic diversity assessment which forms the basis for the ecological information biodiversity assessment technology, a newly presented indicator by IPBES and so on, was proposed for policy development. and the indirect utilization plan was presented for the existing urban ecological status map or ecological service map. □ Phylogenetic diversity, which is the basis for the ecological information biodiversity assessment technology, is being proposed as a new alternative to biodiversity assessment considering ecological characteristics, and it is necessary to implement policies to respond to international agreements and other issues related to biodiversity in Korea. ㅇ We proposed measures for policy use of the ecoinformatics biodiversity assessment technology in two ways; one is related to preparing the basis for evaluation technology and the other is related to promoting the expansion of the evaluation technology. ㅇ Feasibility reviews in terms of biodiversity can be carried out for policy implementation, and objective information on the direction of national policy and performance goals in international cooperation can be provided. - By establishing a cooperative system with IUCN, which is proposing new evaluation technologies, to proactively participate in the development of international indicators, the foundation for rapid policy response can be laid. - In Korea, it is necessary to establish a foundation for applying the ecoinformatics biodiversity assessment technology and to establish cooperative networks between ministries and agencies related to biodiversity.