칠면초를 이용한 모발염색의 연구

서동균 한국피부과학연구원 2009 대한피부미용학회지 Vol.7 No.2

This study experimented hair coloring using natural dye such as suaeda japonica. Suaeda japonica was dried in the natural shade for 25 days in summer of the same year and grinded by a machine. 13 natural hair samples were made with the tip(5g) of hair fixed. 6 samples were mordanted, 6 were not mordanted, and 1 was used as a standard sample. As a result of colorimetry using natural hair, suaeda japonica without mordanting had no coloring effect. Although coloring effect was tested again using mordant, all of them had no reaction. On the contrary, colorimetry using bleaching hair suggested that the khaki tone of suaeda japonica . It suggests the possibility of dark coloring. Impatiens balsamina showed clearer and darker color in shorter time than other natural materials. Colorimetry of bleaching hair mordanted showed that suaeda japonica had clear coloring result as time passed. In sum, while suaeda japonica needed longer time to have clear color, impatiens balsamina could have clear color in 1 or 2 hours. In natural dyeing, natural hair needed bleaching to have clear color. In addition, clear and dark coloring depended on the kind of mordant even under the same condition and time. 칠면초를 이용하여 천연염색으로 모발염색을 실시하여 그 결과를 살펴보았다. 칠면초를 25일간 햊빛을 차단하고 자연건조후 분쇄하여 염료로 실험에 사용하였다.. 모발 샘플 6개는 매염제로 처리하고 6개는 매염제로 처리하지 않았으며 1개는 표준물질로 삼았다. 염모 결과는 매염제 미처리시 색도에서 효과가 나타나지 않았다. 하지만 탈색 모발의 경우 카키톤으로 염색되었다. 매염제로 처리한 탈색 된 모발의 경우는 시간이 지날수록 더욱 밝게 염색되었다. 결론적으로 칠면초를 이용하여 모발염색을 실시 한 결과 모발 탈색상태와 매염제 종류에 따라 모발염색이 좌우됨을 알 수 있었다.

칠면초로부터 고순도 Rutin 및 Narcissin의 동시 분리 및 정제

오규연(Gyu-Yeon Oh),조은서(Eun-Seo Cho),문제학(Jae-Hak Moon),전태일(Tae-Il Jeon),조정용(Jeong-Yong Cho) 한국차학회 2022 한국차학회지 Vol.28 No.2

칠면초(Suaeda japonica)는 적색을 띠고 강한 항산화 페놀성 화합물을 다량 함유하고 있어 기호성 및 건강기능성을 증진된 블렌딩 차 제조를 위한 유용한 후보 식품소재 중 하나이다. Rutin과 narcissin은 칠면초에 함유된 다양한 페놀성 화합물들 중 다량 성분이면서 항산화, 항염증, 항균 및 항암 활성을 발휘하므로, 칠면초 및 그첨가 블렌딩 차의 지표성분으로 활용이 기대된다. 그러나 narcissin은 rutin에 비해 극히 일부식물에 미량으로 존재하고 있어 그 생리활성에 대한 연구가 미흡한 실정이다. 그래서, 본 연구에서는 칠면초 지상부로부터 고순도의 rutin과 narcissin을 동시 분리 방법을 확립하고자 하였다. 먼저, 건조된 칠면초분말의 열수추출물에는 rutin과narcissin이 각각 59.2 ± 1.4 mg/100 g과 171.3 ± 2.1 mg/100 g으로 함유되어 있음을 ODS-HPLC 분석을 통하여 확인하였다. 칠면초분말(50 g)의 열수추출물에 water-saturated n-butanol를 가하여 용매분획한 다음 얻어진 용매분획물(1.05 g)을 ODS-MPLC를 이용하여 rutin (27.6 mg)과 narcissin (79.9 mg)을 분리하였다. 분리된 두 화합물의순도는 99% 이상임을 LC-MS 및 1 H-NMR 분석을 통하여 확인하였으며, 또한 그 회수율은 91% 이상이었다. 이러한 분리 방법으로 칠면초로부터 분리된 narcissin과 rutin은 다양한 생리활성 평가와 더불어 칠면초 및 그 첨가블렌딩차를 비롯한 다양한 가공품의 품질관리를 위한 지표성분으로 활용이 기대된다. Suaeda japonica is a useful candidate food material for the manufacture of blended tea due to its red color and excellent antioxidant activity. Rutin and narcissin are the main antioxidative flavonoids in the aerial parts of S.japonica, and these compounds have been reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anticancer activities. However, comparatively little is known about the biological activities of narcissin, which is present in small amounts in several plants. In this study, we developed an isolation method to obtain rutin and narcissin simultaneously in high purity from the aerial parts of S. japonica. The rutin and narcissin contents in the hot water extract of the aerial parts of S. japonica were 59.2 ± 1.3 mg/100 g and 171.3 ± 2.1 mg/100 g, respectively, as determined by ODS-HPLC. Briefly, the dried aerial parts (50 g) of S. japonica were extracted with hot water, and the filtrate obtained was extracted with water-saturated n-butanol (BuOH). The BuOH fraction was purified by medium-performance liquid chromatography using an octadecylsilane column. The purities of the rutin (27.6 mg) and narcissin (79.9 mg) isolated both exceeded 99% by LC-MS and 1 H-NMR analysis, and their total recoveries were estimated to be > 91%.

Changes in the Compound and Bioactivity of Suaeda japonica Makino Extract by Different Harvesting Time

Ji-Hye Choi,Sung-Gyu Lee,Hyun Kang 대한의생명과학회 2020 Biomedical Science Letters Vol.26 No.4

This study was the change of compound and bioactivity were analyzed by different harvesting time (May, August, and November) of Suaeda japonica Makino. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of S. japonica were the highest at about 22.81 mg GAE/g and 4.56 mg QE/g, respectively, in the S. japonica harvested in Nov. Also, the contents of quercetin, showed the highest content in Nov harvested S. japonica. In addition, the antioxidative activity of each extract from S. japonica changed depending on harvesting time. For S. japonica harvested in Nov showed the highest DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity. From the NO inhibition assay, the S. japonica harvested in Nov had shown the highest anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, consideration of the optimal harvesting time for S. japonica could be an important factor attributing to its natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and the optimal harvesting time was confirmed especially to be in Nov.

순천만과 벌교 하구 연안습지의 2009년 기준 갈대 및 칠면초 우세 군집 분포양상과 면적 제시

홍석휘,전승수,엄진아 한국습지학회 2015 한국습지학회지 Vol.17 No.1

2008년과 2009년에 획득된 KOMPSAT-2 위성영상 자료와 야외조사를 병행하여 순천만과 벌교 연안습지의 염생식물군락의 정밀한 분포경계를 확인하고 분포 양상과 면적을 구하였다. 순천만과 벌교 연안습지의 주요 군락은 갈대와 칠면초 우점군락으로 확인되었다. 퇴적특성을 파악하기 위해 조간대 표층의 수준측량과 퇴적상 분석이 수행되었다. 염습지의 퇴적상은 대부분 실트질 니와 니질 퇴적상을 보였으며 계절변화는 매우 작았고, 지형구배는 경사도가0.0007~0.002∘로 매우 평탄하였다. 연구지역에서 염생식물은 평균해수면보다 0.7~1.8 m 높은 곳을 점하고 있었으며,갈대우점군락은 평균해수면 위 1.1~1.8 m, 칠면초 우점군락은 평균해수면 위 0.7~1.3 m 높은 고도를 나타내는 범위에서 생육하고 있다. 2009년 분포를 기준으로 순천만 연안습지의 갈대 우점군락의 면적은 약 0.79 km2, 칠면초 우점군락의 면적은 약 0.22 km2로, 총 면적은 약 1.01 km2이다. 벌교천 하구 연안습지의 갈대 우점군락 면적은 약 0.31km2, 칠면초 우점군락의 면적은 약 0.031 km2이며, 총 면적은 약 0.341 km2이다. 순천만-벌교 하구 염습지에서 각기105개와 60개의 염생식물 단위군락의 분포양상과 면적이 제시될 수 있었다. 2008/2009년 위성영상에 의해 분석된 염생식물 군락의 정밀한 분포양상과 면적은 국내에서 가장 중요한 염습지인 해당 연구지역에서 향후 염습지 관련 모니터링의 기본자료로 매우 가치가 높을 것으로 판단된다. Halophyte distribution pattern and area in the Suncheon-bay and Beolgyo estuary coastal wetlands were analyzedusing KOMPSAT-2 landsat images were taken in 2008 and 2009, and field investigations were fulfilled for confirmingthe precise boundaries of individual halophyte areas. The salt-marsh vegetation in those areas can be classified mainlyinto two dominant communities: Suaeda japonica-dominant and Phragmites communis-dominant communities. Inorder to identify sedimentary characteristics, tidal-flat surface leveling and sedimentary facies analysis had beenconducted. The sedimentary facies of marsh area are mostly silty clayey and clay facies with a little seasonal changeand its slope is very gentle (0.0007~0.002 in gradient). Phragmites communis and Suaeda japonica communities weredistributed in the mud-flat zone between 0.7 m and 1.8 m higher than MSL (mean sea level): zone of 1.1~1.8 m inthe former and zone of 0.7~1.3 m in the latter. In the Suncheon-bay estuarine wetland, on the basis of 2009distribution, Phragmites communis-dominant and Suaeda japonica-dominant communities are about 0.79 km2 and0.22 km2 in distribution area, respectively. On the other hand, Bulgyo estuarine marsh shows that the distributionareas of Phragmites communis-dominant and Suaeda japonica-dominant communities are about 0.31 km2 and 0.031km2 in distribution area, respectively. Individual 105 and 60 dominant community areas and their distribution patterns can be well defined and indicated in the Suncheon-bay and Bulgyo estuarine marshes, respectively. The distribution pattern and area of hylophyte communities analyzed in this study based on 2008/2009 satellite images would be valuable as a base of future monitoring of salt-marsh related studies in the study area which is the most important salt-marsh research site in Korea.

Verification of the antioxidant activity of a subterranean part of <i>Suaeda japonica</i> Makino

Kang, Kyung-Yun,Hwang, Yun-Ho,Lee, Sung-Ju,Kim, Jong-Jin,Nam, Sang-Jip,Yee, Sung-Tae Elsevier 2017 INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS Vol.109 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We report the biological activity of the ethanolic extractions of <I>Suaeda japonica</I> Makino. The layer fraction contains hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butyl alcohol, and H<SUB>2</SUB>O and dried the samples. The antioxidant and reducing potential activity as well as the polyphenolic, tannin and flavonoid compounds extracted from <I>Suaeda japonica</I> Makino were evaluated by different assays. The subterranean parts was used for these standardized assays. The maximum antioxidant activity was observed in ethyl acetate. The total phenolic and total flavonoid content were highest with ethyl acetate and the butyl alcohol fraction. High reducing potential was observed in the ethyl acetate fraction. A positive correlation was observed between the antioxidant activity and polyphenolic compounds (total phenolic content and total flavonoid content). Similarly, there was significant correlation between antioxidant activities and reducing potential indicating that the reducers present in the ethyl acetate fraction are major contributors to the antioxidant potential. Thus, the ethyl acetate fraction of this plant could be used for pharmaceutical and functional materials applications.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A variety of antioxidant activity was verified in halophytes of <I>S. japonica</I> subterranean part. </LI> <LI> The maximum antioxidant activity was observed in ethyl acetate fraction. </LI> <LI> The Fenton reaction and the reducing activity were similar with various antioxidants. </LI> <LI> The ethyl acetate fraction of this plant could be used for pharmaceutical and functional materials applications. </LI> </UL> </P>

강화 남부 조간대에 서식하는 칠면초(Suaeda japonica)의 연간 생장 및 생산 양상

황지원,이균우,박흥식,Hwang, Ji-won,Lee, Kyun-Woo,Park, Heung-sik 한국해양과학기술원 2022 Ocean and Polar Research Vol.44 No.2

This study examined the growth pattern and environmental factors affecting the growth of the halophyte, Suaeda japonica, which is prevalent on tidal flats in the west coast of Korea in order to calculate annual carbon production. Quantitative sampling was conducted every month for three years from 2018 to 2020 on salt marshes located on the southern coast of Ganghwa Island. In terms of annual density affected by the germination rate at first period, especially when air temperature for winter time was constantly below 0℃ for long periods of time, germination decreased and precipitation in summer also exerted an influence. In terms of annual growth with regard to length, the part below the ground grew rapidly in the beginning after budding, while the part above ground grew at a relatively steady rate at all times. With regard to biomass, the part below the ground also increased from April in a manner similar to length growth, but decreased drastically from September with leaves falling off and water loss occurring. The part above ground showed a rapid increase from the beginning of the rainy season. Size-frequency distribution revealed broader patterns after the rainy season as individual growth varied, but from September, it stopped at all year. High growth rates were recorded in the initial phase of growth after budding and growth was rapid, but growth declined in summer when biomass increased. The annual mean production based on growth rate was calculated at 352 gDWt/m²/yr, and the highest production was 519 gDWt/m²/yr in 2018, but it has decreased since 2019. Annual carbon production was at calculated 143.41 gC/m²/yr for Suaeda japonica in the vicinity of the southern coast of Ganghwa Island.

함초와 칠면초의 이화학적 특성 조사연구

김지형,송재용,이제만,오세흥,이한정,최혜진,고종명,김용희 한국식품위생안전성학회 2010 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.25 No.2

This study was conducted to investigate for mineral contents, total polyphenol compounds,betaine, choline and DPPH free radical scavenging activity of halophyte. The mineral concentrations of Salicornia herbacea (top part) were Na 100,006 mg/kg, K 1,385 mg/kg, Mg 6,263 mg/kg, Ca 2,750 mg/kg, Fe 90.4 mg/kg, Mn 98.9 mg/kg, Zn 33.3 mg/kg, Cu 3.4 mg/kg respectively. And Suaeda Japonica (top part) were Na 85,332 mg/kg, K 710 mg/kg, Mg 7,005 mg/kg, Ca 4,344 mg/kg, Fe 1,434.9 mg/kg, Mn 119.1 mg/kg, Zn 19.2 mg/kg, Cu 2.7 mg/kg respectively. The betaine contents of Salicornia herbacea (top part) were 15.09 mg/g and Suaeda Japonica (top part)were 14.64 mg/g. The choline contents estimated by the DBAP-choline derivatives of Salicornia herbacea (top part)were 20.9 mg/100 g, Salicornia herbacea (root) were 23.4 mg/100 g, Suaeda Japonica (top part) were 23.1 mg/100g and Suaeda Japonica (root) were 23.8 mg/100 g. Total polyphenol compounds of Salicornia herbacea (top part) were high 36.0 mg/g in growth phase. The DPPH radical scavenging activities of methanol extract Salicornia herbacea (top part) were high 90.1% in growth phase. The frozen dried powder of Salicornia herbacea (top part) 1 g was equal to Quercetin 30.26 mg, Rutin 42.65 mg, TBHQ 20.32 mg, BHA 25.86 mg, BHT 40.75 mg, Ascorbic acid 22.86 mg in DPPH radical scavenging activities.

Bacterial Diversity in the Rhizosphere of Halophyte Suaeda japonica in Western and Southern Mudflats of Korea

Park, Suhk-Hwan,Lee, Geon-Hyoung The Ecological Society of Korea 2006 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.29 No.4

This study was carried out to investigate the population densities, R/S ratios, and identification of heterotrophic bacteria on the rhizosphere soil of halophyte Suaeda japonica found on the western and southern mudflats of Korea. The population densities of aerobic and anaerobic heterotrophic bacteria on the rhizosphere soil of Suaeda japonica were in the range of $1.3\;{\pm}\;0.3\;{\times}\;10^6\;{\sim}\;6.3\;{\pm}\;3.3\;{\times}\;10^7\;and\;2.8\;{\pm}\;1.3\;{\times}\;10^4\;{\sim}\;1.8\;{\pm}\;0.7\;{\times}\;10^7\;cfu\;g^{-1}\;d.\;wt.$, respectively. In case of physiologically specific bacteria, population densities of amylolytic bacteria on the rhizosphere soil of Suaeda japonica were in the range of $4.4\;{\pm}\;0.6\;{\times}\;10^6\;{\sim}\;2.5\;{\pm}\;1.2\;{\times}\;10^7\;cfu\;g^{-1}\;d.\;wt.$, those of cellulolytic bacteria were from $8.5\;{\pm}\;6.0\;{\times}\;10^4\;{\sim}\;2.3\;{\pm}\;1.6\;{\times}\;10^6\;cfu\;g^{-1}\;d.\;wt.$, and those of proteolytic bacteria were from $3.8\;{\pm}\;1.8\;{\times}\;10^5\;{\sim}\;4.2\;{\pm}\;2.9\;{\times}\;10^6\;cfu\;g^{-1}\;d.\;wt.$, respectively. The R/S ratios were ranged from 2.33 to 2.39. Among eleven isolates from the roots of halophyte Suaeda japonica of Goheung bay by using 16S rDNA analysis, five clones were closely related to ${\gamma}-Proteobacteria$ group and six clones were closely related to ${\alpha}-Proteobacteria$ group. Among four isolates from Suncheon bay, two strains were related to ${\gamma}-Proteobacteria$ group and another two were related to Actinobacteria and Bacilli group, respectively.

수확 계절에 따른 칠면초 추출물의 생리활성 변화 연구

최종일(Jong-Il Choi),김연주(Yeon-Joo Kim),김재훈(Jae-Hun Kim),권중호(Joong-Ho Kwon),안동현(Dong-Hyun Ahn),전병수(Byung-Soo Chun),이주운(Ju-Woon Lee) 한국식품영양과학회 2010 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.39 No.1

본 연구는 칠면초를 식품 및 공중 보건 소재로 이용하기 위하여 수확계절에 따른 칠면초 추출물의 생리활성의 변화에 대해 연구하였다. 여름에 수확한 칠면초의 총 미네랄 함량은 89.8 g/㎏로서 겨울철 칠면초(86.7 g/㎏)보다 약간 많은 함량을 나타내었다. 칠면초의 Na 함량은 현저한 계절적 차이를 나타내지 않은 반면에, 여름철 칠면초의 K와 Ca 함량은 겨울철 칠면초에서 50%로 감소하거나 두 배로 증가하였다. 한편, 칠면초 추출물의 항산화 활성은 수확시기에 영향을 받는 것을 알 수 있었다. 여름 칠면초에서는, ethyl acetate 추출물이 가장 높은 DPPH 라디칼 소거능을 나타내었으나, 겨울 칠면초에서는 butanol 추출물이 가장 높은 라디칼 소거능을 나타내었다. 그러나 FRAP value에서는 여름철과 겨울철 칠면초 모두에서 butanol 추출물이 가장 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 추출물의 총 페놀 함량은 항산화 활성에 비례하였다. B16BL6 세포를 이용한 tyrosinase 저해능 실험과 멜라닌 생합성 실험에서 hexane 추출물이 채취 계절에 관계없이 높은 미백 효과를 나타내었다. 본 연구 결과로부터 칠면초를 기능성 소재로서 이용하고자 할 때 추출 시기에 따라 적당한 추출 방법을 선택하여야 할 것으로 사료된다. This study was conducted to investigate the physiological activities of extracts from Suaeda japonica harvested in different season for its possibility as a functional material in food or cosmetic composition. The total mineral content of S. japonica harvested in summer was about 89.8 g/㎏, and it comprised a little more content than one in winter (86.7 g/㎏). The Na content of S. japonica did not show a remarkable contrast on harvest season whereas the K and Ca contents of summer were decreased to half or increased to double in winter. In addition, the antioxidative activity of each extract from S. japonica changed depending on harvest season. For S. japonica harvested in summer, the ethyl acetate extract showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity, but in winter the butanol extract fraction had the highest value. However, FRAP values were the highest in butanol extracts from S. japonica harvested in summer and winter. Total phenolic contents in the extracts were in proportion to the antioxidative activities. From the tyrosinase inhibition assay and melanogenesis with B16BL6, the hexane extracts from both seasons had shown the highest whitening effects. These results suggest that the extraction methods should be optimized depending on harvest season to utilize the S. japonica as functional component source.

염생식물 칠면초(Suaeda japonica)의 종자발아와 유묘생장에 종자 보관기간과 토양구성이 미치는 영향

곽용성,김시은,오지철,박향하,최한길 한국해양과학기술원 2023 Ocean and Polar Research Vol.44 No.4

Seed germination and seedling growth of a halophyte, Suaeda japonica were examined to measure the effects of seed preservation periods and various soil compositions in the mudflat of Saemangeum, Korea. Seed germination declined from 74.30% to 44.30% as the preservation period increased from 4 months to 12 months. After 14 days of seeding, seed germination was lowest in sandy soil (SS) at 8.67% and highest in earthworm cast+leaf mold (EC+LM) at 67.33%, showing 4~5 times higher than SS. The average lengths of seedlings were 12.20 mm in SS and 42.20 mm in EC+LM, respectively. These results suggest that seed germination and seedling growth enhanced in the soil that has more organic matter. In the experiment mixing Saemangeum soil (SMS), seed germination was from 4.00% in SMS to 88.00% in the soil of SMS+EC+LM after 14 days. Similar growth patterns were observed in the length of seedlings from 5.00 mm in SMS to 49.60 mm in SMS+EC+LM. The present results indicate that a population of Suaeda japonica could be established by stimulating seed germination and seedling growth by the addition of organic matters such as EC, LM, and EC+LM in the Saemangeum mud flat.