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Relationship between roar sound characteristics and body size of Steller sea lion
Park, Tae-Geon,Iida, Kohji,Mukai, Tohru The Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technolo 2010 수산해양기술연구 Vol.46 No.4
Hundreds of Steller sea lions, Eumetopias jubatus, migrate from Sakhalin and the northern Kuril Islands to Hokkaido every winter. During this migration, they may use their roaring sounds to navigate and to maintain their groups. We recorded the roars of wild Steller sea lions that had landed on reefs on the west coast of Hokkaido, and those of captive sea lions, while making video recordings. A total of 300 roars of wild sea lions and 870 roars of captive sea lions were sampled. The fundamental frequency ($F_0$), formant frequency ($F_1$), pulse repetition rate (PRR), and duration of syllables (T) were analyzed using a sonagraph. $F_0$, $F_1$, and PRR of the roars emitted by captive sea lions increased in the order male, female, and juvenile. By contrast, the $F_1$ of wild males was lower than that of females, while the $F_0$ and PRR of wild males and females did not differ statistically. Moreover, the $F_0$ and $F_1$ frequencies for captive sea lions were higher than those of wild sea lions, while PRR in captive sea lions was lower than in wild sea lions. Since there was a linear relationship between body length and the $F_0$ and $F_1$ frequencies in captive sea lions, the body length distribution of wild sea lions could be estimated from the $F_0$ and $F_1$ frequency distribution using a regression equation. These results roughly agree with the body length distribution derived from photographic geometry. As the volume of the oral cavity and the length of the vocal cords are generally proportional to body length, sampled roars can provide useful information about a population, such as the body length distribution and sex ratio.
박태건 ( Tae Geon Park ),반전호이 ( Kohji Iida ),김욱성 ( Wook Sung Kim ),김성기 ( Sung Ki Kim ),김석재 ( Seok Jae Kim ),류경진 ( Kyong Jin Ryu ),이유원 ( Yoo Won Lee ) 한국수산해양기술학회 2015 수산해양기술연구 Vol.51 No.2
Hundreds of Steller sea lions, Eumetopias jubatus, migrate from Sakhalin and the northern Kuril Islands to Hokkaido in Japan every winter. During this migration, they may use their roaring sounds to navigate and to maintain their groups. We recorded the roars of wild Steller sea lions that had landed on reefs on the west coast of Hokkaido, and those of captive sea lions, while making video recordings. The fundamental frequency (F0), Formant frequency (F1), pulse repetition rate (PRR), and duration of syllables (T) were analyzed using a sonagraph. F0, F1, and PRR of the roars emitted by captive sea lions increased in the order male, female. By contrast, the F1 of wild males was lower than that of females, while the F0 and PRR of wild males and females did not differ statistically. These results suggest regional differences between the five groups showed that.