로프 타입에 따른 슬링을 이용한 스쿼트 운동 시 근육의 활성화 비교 분석

( Hyun Ji Woo ),( Tae Kyu Kwon ) 한국운동역학회 2020 한국운동역학회지 Vol.30 No.4

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine of this study is to study the effect of squat exercise on muscle activation in a sling device using various types of ropes and to propose an effective sling exercise method for strengthening the lower extremity strength. Method: 20 adult male subjects (age: 25.2±2.4 yrs, height: 176.5±3.2 cm, weight: 77.2±4.5 kg) participated in this study. In the experiment, a total of four squats were conducted: squat [SE], sling squat using inelastic rope [IR], sling squat using elastic rope [ER], and sling squat using two elastic ropes [TER]. Squats were performed 5 times for each condition, and a 60-second break was given for each condition to minimize muscle fatigue. The activation of biceps brachii, rectus femoris, gastrocnemius, and tibialis anterior muscles was measured. Results: It was found that the activation of all muscles was the lowest during the squat exercise [SE]. During the sling squat using inelastic rope [IR], the muscle activation of the biceps brachii was the highest. During the sling squat using elastic rope [ER], the activation of the rectus femoris, gastrocnemius, and tibialis anterior muscles was found to be the highest. In the sling squat using two elastic ropes [TER], most of the muscle activation was similar to that of the sling squat using inelastic rope [IR]. Conclusion: Our results of the experiment, it was found that sling squat exercise using elastic rope had a positive effect on the activation of all muscles. It is thought that performing a squat exercise under moderate weight load and unstable conditions, such as sling squat exercise using elastic rope, can increase the muscle activity of the lower limbs and perform more effective exercise effect than performing a conventional squat exercise under stable conditions. In the future, if research is conducted not only on adult men, but also on various ages and patients, it will be able to provide positive help in improving balance, stability and stamina through squat exercise.

엎침 스쿼트 운동이 안굽이와 무릎 주위 근육에 미치는 즉각적 효과

김현수 ( Hyeon-su Kim ),김경돈 ( Kyoung-don Kim ) 대한통합의학회 2021 대한통합의학회지 Vol.9 No.4

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to compare the ankle pronation squat with the general squat and investigate the effect on the geun varum and the muscles around the knee. Methods : Subjects were chosen as the target for squat exercise with the distance between the knees more than 5 ㎝. The selected 30 students were randomly divided into 15 pronation squat group and 15 general squat group, and performed five sets movements 20 times. Global postural system (GPS) and digital goniometer were used to check the distance between the knees and the Q angle, and muscle activity was measured with EMG during squat exercise. Results: The result is as follows. First, as a result of analyzing the change in the distance between the knees, the distance between the knees decreased and the Q angle increased in the pronation squat group after exercise. Second, as a result of analyzing the change in muscle activity of the peroneus longus, the muscle activity increased in the pronation squat group after exercise, and it was more effective than the general squat group. Third, as a result of analyzing the change in the VMO (vastus medialis oblique) and VL (vastus lateralis) muscle activity ratio, the activity ratio of the pronation squat group increased after exercise, and the imbalance in the VMO/VL muscle activity was decreased. Conclusion: The pronation squat exercise applied to the ankle will greatly affect what is made into a balanced leg as decreased of the distance between knees, increased of Q angle, increased of the muscle activity of the peroneus longus and the ratio of VMO/VL.

A Study of the design method for Interactive squat exercise Instrument

정병호,박주훈,김지원 한국융합학회 2018 한국융합학회논문지 Vol.9 No.2

Squat exercise is one of the free weight exercises that are recognized as important from a bio-mechanical point of view. It is an important exercise to train lower extremity muscles in daily activities or sports activities and to strengthen trunk and lower body strength. It is effective and accurate to use a variety of assistive devices to calibrate athletic posture with squat exercise supported interactive device. The issues of the structural analysis for design a foot plate for squat exercise is to model the behavior by simplifying the dynamic behavior. In this paper, the authors proposed a exercise system design method for the vertical load distribution and bio-mechanical signal process used for the squat exercise mechanism analysis, and based on these results, designed device can make the more safe and reliable free weight exercise. It is applied to system design through design method with kinematic dynamic, VR device and estimation model of exercise.

스쿼트 운동시 도구를 이용한 엉덩관절 등척성 모음이 VMO와 VL의 근활성도 비율에 미치는 영향

강길수,양성훈,이승훈,정수민,김지혁 한국지역사회건강관리협회 대한건강과학학회 2016 대한건강과학학회지 Vol.13 No.2

PURPOSE : The purpose of this study was to compare effects of isometric hip adduction using tools on muscle activity rates of VMO and VL while performing squat. METHOD : Seventeen healthy male subjects, between twenty and fourty years old, performed traditional squat exercise and squat with isometric hip adduction using ball, Theraband, Pilates circle on stable and unstable base of support(BOS) for 3 sets of 5 seconds. They had a rest for 30 seconds between each set and rest for 30 minuts between each tool. The muscle activities of VMO and VL while performing the exercise were measured by electromyography(EMG) and muscle activity rates of VMO and VL was calculated. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 version. RESULT : Squat with isometric hip adduction using ball produced significantly high muscle activity rate of VMO(p<0.001). Muscle activity rate of VMO during performing squat with isometric hip adduction using tools and traditional squat was significantly greater on stable BOS than on unstable BOS. CONCLUSION : The exercise on unstable surface is more effective than on unstable surface. The ball squat exercise is the most effective than another 3 exercise group(TS, TS, PS). The best method for the selective strengthening of VMO muscle is ball squat exercise on unstable surface.

The Effect of Water Depth and Exercise Speed on Physiological Responses Immediately After Aquatic Squat Exercise

문규선 한국인터넷방송통신학회 2024 International journal of advanced smart convergenc Vol.13 No.1

This study aimed to investigate the immediate physiological responses, including heart rate, blood pressure, and rate pressure product (RPP), following squat exercises performed at three water depths (ground, knee depth, waist depth) and two speed conditions (60bpm speed, Max speed). The participants consisted of 10 men in their 20s with over 6 months of resistance exercise experience. For the 60bpm speed squats, participants performed 30 repetitions in 1 minute at a rate of 2 seconds per repetition, while for Max speed squats, they performed at Max speed without a set limit on the number of repetitions for 1 minute. All experiments were conducted with a random assignment. The study results showed that immediately after the aquatic squat exercise, the average heart rate, blood pressure, and cardiac load were higher in the order of knee depth, ground level, and waist depth at both 60bpm speed and Max Speed. At 60bpm speed, the heart rate was higher in the order of ground level, knee depth, and waist depth. Overall, exercise in an aquatic environment was considered to impose relatively lower physical burden compared to land-based exercise. Therefore, it is suggested that depending on individual fitness levels and exercise goals, appropriately combining aquatic exercise, which imposes lower immediate physiological burden, and land-based exercise may lead to safer and more effective exercise methods.

정적인 스쿼트 운동시 복합적인 하지의 자세가 가쪽넓은근과 안쪽빗넓은근의 근활성도에 미치는 영향

유원규(Yoo Won-gyu),이충휘(Yi Chung-hwi),이현주(Lee Hyun-ju) 한국전문물리치료학회 2004 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.11 No.3

Most exercise for Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) has focused on selectively strengthening the vastus medialis oblique muscle (VMO). Although open chain knee extension exercises are effective for in creasing overall quadriceps strength, they are not always indicated for PFPS rehabilitation. This study was designed to identify the effect of combined posture of lower extremity on Electromyographic (EMG) activity of the vastus lateralis muscle (VL) and VMO during static squat exercises. The subjects were twenty young adult males who had not experienced any knee injury and their Q-angle was within a normal range. They were asked to perform static squat exercises in five various postures using their lower extremities. The EMG activity of the VL and VMO were recorded in five exercises by surface electrodes and normalized by %MVC values derived from seated. isometric knee extensions. The normalized EMG activity levels (%MVC) of the VL and VMO for the five postures of the lower extremities were compared using one way ANOVA with repeated measures. Results of repeated measures of ANOVA’s revealed that exercise 3 and exercise 5 produced significantly greater EMG activity of VMO/VL ratios than exercise 1 (p<.05). When the static squat exercise was combined with hip adduction and toes pointed outwardly, the EMG activity of VMO/VL rates was increased. The EMG activity of VMO/VL ratio was highest during static squat exercises per formed on a decline squat. These results have important implications for progressive and selective VMO muscle strengthening exercises in PFPS patients.

Comparison of Muscle Activities of Trunk and Lower Limb during Bow and Squat Exercises

( Ji-won Shon ),( Hyung-won Lim ) 대한물리치료학회 2016 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.28 No.2

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to examine muscle activities of trunk and lower limb during squat and 108 bows exercises and to provide objective data for establishing a training method for improving muscle strength of trunk and lower limb. Methods: Twenty normal healthy subjects participated in this study. Each exercise was divided into five periods. Muscle activities of trunk and lower limb in each period of both 108 bows and squat exercises were measured and analyzed by independent t-test. Results: In starting, mid-flexion, mid-extension, and end period muscle activities obtained from 108 bows exercise were significantly higher than those from squat exercise. However, in the final flexion period, muscle activities of multifidus, elector spinae, rectus femoris, biceps femoris, and tibialis anterior from squat exercise were significantly higher than those from bow exercise. Conclusion: In this study, high muscle activities in most muscles of trunk and lower limb were observed from all periods of 108 bows exercise except the final flexion period. Therefore, it is likely that 108 bows exercise rather than squat exercise is more suitable for high strength exercise to improve muscle strength of trunk and lower limb and thus will be applicable for strengthening muscles of trunk and lower limb of patients.

동적 스쿼트 운동시 탄력밴드를 이용한 저항방향이 내측광근/외측광근 근전도 활성비에 미치는 영향

남기석,Nam, Ki-Seok 대한물리치료학회 2008 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.20 No.3

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of anterolateral (45$^{\circ}$) and lateral (90$^{\circ}$) direction resistance, with using an elastic band, on the electromyographic(EMG) activity ratio of the vastus medialis oblique (VMO) and the vastus lateralis (VL) during squat exercise. Methods: The study subjects were 19 active people with no history of patellofemoral pain, limitation of range of motion or pain when performing squat exercise. A 'repeated measures within subjects' design was used. The subjects were asked to perform three repetitions of a 90$^{\circ}$ knee flexion squat exercise with anterolateral (45$^{\circ}$) and lateral (90$^{\circ}$) resistance and without resistance, respectively. The EMG activity of the VMO and VL were recorded by surface EMG electrodes and the results were normalized by the % MVIC value. Results: Repeated measures ANOVA's revealed that squat exercise with anterolateral (45$^{\circ}$) resistance produced significantly greater VMO/VL EMG activity ratio than that with lateral (90$^{\circ}$) resistance and without resistance (p=.013). Yet the result of contrast testing revealed that squat exercise with lateral (90$^{\circ}$) resistance showed no significant difference of the VMO/VL EMG activity ratio, as compared with squat exercise without resistance (p>0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that squat exercise combining anterolateral (45$^{\circ}$) resistance can contribute positively to the patients with patellofemoral pain as they increase the VMO/VL EMG activity ratio.

스쿼트 운동 시 발목 관절에 키네시오 테이프의 적용이 넙다리 네갈래근과 뒤넙다리근의 활성에 미치는 영향

박재흥,이승희,김소정,조승주,박현희,이유진,심혜지,최보람,Park, Jae-heung,Lee, Seung-hee,Kim, So-jung,Cho, Seung-ju,Park, Hyun-hee,Lee, Yu-jin,Sim, Hye-ji,Choi, Bo-ram 대한물리치료과학회 2021 대한물리치료과학회지 Vol.28 No.2

Background: During squat exercises, Ankle joint stability during squat movement transfers forces produced by unstable supports or various loads to the leg joints and trunk, reducing the risk of injury; therefore, a reference is needed for correct ankle joint posture during squat exercises. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of ankle joint stability on quadriceps femoris and hamstring activation during squat exercises. Design: Quasi-experiment one group pretest-posttest design. Methods: The participants in this study were 20 volunteers who performed squat exercises with and without kinesiology tape. We measured quadriceps femoris and hamstring activation using surface electromyography. The ankle joint was stabilized with kinesiology tape using the ankle balance taping (ABT) method. A paired t-test was performed to compare differences between taping conditions. Results: Vastus medialis and vastus lateralis activation were greater following squat exercises with kinesiology tape than without; however, the difference was not significant. Medial and lateral hamstring activation was not significantly different between taping conditions. Conclusion: Although it is difficult to maintain stability using kinesiology tape alone, ankle joint stability is believed to affect quadriceps femoris muscle activity, which increases the effectiveness of the squat exercise.

Influences of Squat Exercises with Upper Limb Resistance Movement for Vasti Muscles and Gluteus Maximus Muscle Activation Patterns

Min Hyeok Kang 국제물리치료연구학회 2017 Journal of International Academy of Physical Ther Vol.8 No.4

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of squat exercises with an upper limb resistance movement on the vastus medialis oblique, vastus lateralis, and gluteus maximus. This study recruited 16 healthy men. All subjects performed squat exercises with and without upper Limb resistance movements by using elastic tubing band. Electromyography (EMG) activity of the vastus medialis oblique, vastus lateralis, and gluteus maximus was recorded using a surface EMG system during these isometric squat exercises in both experimental conditions. The different muscle activation of the vastus medialis oblique, vastus lateralis, and gluteus maximus between the squat exercises with and without the upper limb resistance movement was analyzed using a paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed rank test. Our findings showed that the vastus medialis oblique, vastus medialis oblique/vastus lateralis ratio and gluteus maximus muscle activity was significantly increased during the squat exercise with upper limb resistance movements, as compared to the squat exercise without this component (p < .05). Based on our findings, the additional upper limb resistance movement may be a useful strategy to facilitate the vastus medialis oblique and gluteus maximus muscle activation during a squat exercise.