스포츠 선수계약에 관한 연구 (초)

장민 연세대학교 법학연구원 2008 法學硏究 Vol.18 No.1

All over the world, sports is a very important part of society. Over the years, the money invested in sports and the revenues earned through the commercialization of sports have increased dramatically. Especially, professional sports leagues have gradually become big businesses during the past half-century. These days, EPL(English Premier League) in England, MLB(Major League Baseball) and NBA(National Basketball League) in U.S. gain popularity worldwide and make enormous profits. In Korea, there are four professional sports leagues at present, that is, KBO(Korea Baseball Organization), K-League(Korea Soccer League), KBL(Korean Baseball League) and KOVO(Korean Volleyball League). In sports leagues, club employs the player as a skilled sports player to make a team and participate in the competition held by league, subject to the terms and conditions of ``Standard Player Contract``. and it includes reserve clause, free agent clause, salary cap clause, and trade clause, which are the characteristics of sports player contract. These clauses restrain players` freedom of contract for the competition balance of clubs and the restriction of players` salaries which are necessary to manage sports league. In the United States, the Supreme Court adjudicated that the excessive restraint clauses(e.g. reserve clause, draft system) instituted in Standard Player Contract by leagues(except MLB) were against the antitrust law, and NLRB(National Labor Relations Board) decided to apply NLRA (National Labor Relations Act) to sports leagues. Accordingly, sports players in the leagues have formed unions in 1960s, and now, the Standard Player Contract is a part of ``Collective Bargaining Agreement``, which is agreed between league and players` association(players` union). However, in Korea, the players only in KBO(Korea Baseball Organization) formed KPBPA(Korea Professional Baseball Player Association) in 2000, but it is not an union protected by the labor laws, and no players` association is organized in other korean sports leagues, therefore no collective bargaining agreement is concluded between the leagues and players in korean sports leagues. Consequently standard player contract is made by league unilaterally, and for playing as a professional player in league, the players are forced to agree it, which determines almost all terms of employments between clubs and players in league. So, it is highly possible that sports player contracts between clubs and sports players in korean sports leagues are unfair and players` rights are infringed on in compliance with the american sports leagues. But, in relation to that matters, there are only a few court cases and a competition authority`s decision in the field of sports leagues. The local court held in 1995 decided that the drafting clause of KBO rules for rookie players was illegally agreed by the clubs in KBO, which led to its invalidity. The Korea Fair Trade Commission admitted KBO to be the business associations, and decided that reserve system, trade system, free agent system, and agent system institutionalized by KBO violating the antitrust law. It also decided that player contracts went against the adhesion contract law in 2001. But, the Application of the competition law and the adhesion contract law to the case of sports leagues is not enough to remove the unfairness of the sports player contract fundamentally and to protect players`s interests in korean sports leagues. It is the best way to unravel the inequity of sports player contract that players organize players` association, and it negotiates with league all about the players` contractual rights and duties, similar to sports leagues in U.S. In order that players are ensured to organize the association as an union, it is the most important that the labor law is applied to sports player in korean sports leagues as a laborer. Hereafter, if players` association is formed as an union in korean sports leagues, it should negotiate all about playe

Taxation of the Sports Industry

이재경 한국스포츠엔터테인먼트법학회 2009 스포츠와 법 Vol.12 No.1

As long as income is accrued through any kinds of transaction in the sports industry, taxation of the sports industry is what matters in the every corner of the sports. Sports player’s professional income and organization in the sports industry are supposed to be taxed as ordinary income by the federal government and by the state and city where the tax players reside. The business expense of being an sports player and organization, however, are deductible and reduce the income which will be taxed. The benefits of tax planning would appear to have a great impact on the taxpayers in the sports industry, but has not been widely used or speculated. It might be mainly about characterization of income, allocation and depreciation in the sports industry. Sports industry does not deal primarily with copyright as the case in the film or music industry. Nonetheless, the sports industry does stand on other intangible assets, namely the professional team sports franchise and the player contracts, which, like other intangible assets, are bought and sold, triggering the usual panoply of tax issues. Considering the fact that Congress, the courts, and IRS are incredibly in their favor of the industry, which may be attributable to the respect that team sports are accorded in culture of the nation, which could be coined as the "sports factor." This paper will cover the characterization of the income in sports industry, and tax planning, amortization, deductible income, deferred compensation, tax issue regarding franchise in the US sports industry. As long as income is accrued through any kinds of transaction in the sports industry, taxation of the sports industry is what matters in the every corner of the sports. Sports player’s professional income and organization in the sports industry are supposed to be taxed as ordinary income by the federal government and by the state and city where the tax players reside. The business expense of being an sports player and organization, however, are deductible and reduce the income which will be taxed. The benefits of tax planning would appear to have a great impact on the taxpayers in the sports industry, but has not been widely used or speculated. It might be mainly about characterization of income, allocation and depreciation in the sports industry. Sports industry does not deal primarily with copyright as the case in the film or music industry. Nonetheless, the sports industry does stand on other intangible assets, namely the professional team sports franchise and the player contracts, which, like other intangible assets, are bought and sold, triggering the usual panoply of tax issues. Considering the fact that Congress, the courts, and IRS are incredibly in their favor of the industry, which may be attributable to the respect that team sports are accorded in culture of the nation, which could be coined as the "sports factor." This paper will cover the characterization of the income in sports industry, and tax planning, amortization, deductible income, deferred compensation, tax issue regarding franchise in the US sports industry.

이스포츠 선수의 권리 강화를 위한 법제도적 방안 연구

정현(Hyun Jung) 명지대학교 법학연구소 2024 명지법학 Vol.22 No.2

이스포츠산업은 새로운 먹거리 산업으로 전 세계적으로 관심을 끌고 있다. 이러한세계적 인기는 이스포츠산업의 중요한 구성요소인 스타선수의 등장과 역할이 한 몫을 하고 있다. 특히 이스포츠선수가 되기 위해 어린시절부터 혹독한 훈련을 받고있으며, 선수생활도 타 스포츠에 비해 짧은 편이다. 즉 미성년의 나이에서 시작해서20대 후반에 은퇴를 하고 있는 상황이다. 이에 우리나라는 이스포츠선수의 권리를보장하는 방안 중 하나로 표준계약서를 마련하여 선수와 구단 사이의 계약 중 발생할 수 있는 불공정한 상황을 방지하고자 한다. 하지만 표준계약서의 내용이나 활용면에서 한계점이 존재하여 입법목적이 달성되고 있는지에 대한 의문이 든다. 또한은퇴선수에 대한 지원에 관한 규정이 존재하지 않아, 이른 나이에 은퇴하게 되는선수가 자신의 미래를 설계하는 것에 어려움을 느끼고 있다. 이에 이 글에서는 이스포츠산업의 건강하고 지속적인 발전을 위하여 이스포츠선수의 권리를 보호하고강화하기 위한 방안으로 표준계약서의 최신화, 은퇴선수의 지원, 선수협의회의 구성에 관한 방안을 제시였다. The e-sports industry is attracting worldwide attention as a new industry. This global popularity is due in part to the emergence and role of star players, an important component of the e-sports industry. In particular, to become an e-sport player, they undergo rigorous training since childhood, and their career as an e-sports player is also shorter than that of other sports. In other words, they start at a young age and are retiring in their late 20s. Accordingly, our country is preparing a standard contract as one of the ways to guarantee the rights of e-sports players to prevent unfair situations that may arise during contracts between players and clubs. However, there are limitations in the content and use of the standard contract, raising questions about whether the legislative purpose is being achieved. Additionally, there are no regulations regarding support for retired players, so players who retire at an early age are having difficulty planning their future. Accordingly, in this article, measures to protect and strengthen the rights of e-sports players for the healthy and sustainable development of the e-sports industry include updating the standard contract, support for retired players, and forming a player council.

스포츠 선수의 계약기간 중 이적에 관한 법적 문제

장민 한국민사법학회 2008 民事法學 Vol.41 No.-

In sports leagues, players can be transferred to other club before the expiry of their contract with the club, as well as on the expiry of his contract, under the league regulations, the collective bargaining agreement between the league and the player association, the regulations of the federation of national associations, such as FIFA and UEFA, or the agreement between the sports leagues that are concerned with the transfer of the player. In U.S. sports leagues, korean sports leagues except K-League(korean professional football league), and Japanese Professional Baseball League, the player agrees that his contract may be assigned by the club to any other club in accordance with the collective bargaining agreement or the regulation of the league. Upon and after such assignment of contract by the club, the assignee club has the full and exclusive responsibility of the assignor club for whom the player was performing, and all rights and obligations of the assignor club become the rights and obligations of the assignee club. But, in european football leagues and K-League, the player can be transferred to other club when the former club, the new club and the player agree about the transfer of the player. By such agreement, the contract between the player and the former club is terminated, and the new contract is entered into between the player and the new club, which contains the new terms, such as the term of the contract and the remuneration for the player's service. Sometimes, the player leaves his club and moves to a new club in a foreign League(Association). The football player's international transfer is regulated by “Regulations for the Status and Transfer of Players" of FIFA, that require “International Transfer Certificate(ITC)" to be issued by the former association for registration of the player with the new association. and the japanese baseball player can move to the club in Major League Baseball only under the Posting System, that is established by “United States - Japanese Player Contract Agreement". The Transfer of the player before the expiry of his contract with the club has a role in preventing the congestion of the player by the lobar market restrictions, such as Draft System and Reserve System, in sports leagues and increasing the efficiency of the service of all players in the league.

댄스스포츠 지도자의 지도유형이 선수 행동부합 및 운동지속의도에 미치는 영향

김대동(Kim, Dae-Dong),박주영(Park, Joo-Young) 한국체육과학회 2019 한국체육과학회지 Vol.28 No.1

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of dance sport coach’s leadership style on behavior fit and exercise adherence of dance sport players. The research subjects for this study were selected from dance sport player across the country the population. Among them, samples are chosen by random sampling method, and the data and information on 196 players were used in the analysis actually. The collected data were analyzed by frequency analysis, descriptive analysis, reliability analysis, correlational analysis and multiple regression analysis in the SPSS 18.0. Results obtained from this research are as follows. First, the study showed that dance sport coach’s leadership style affected the dance sport coach-player behavior fit. Second, it was shown that dance sport coach’s leadership style affected the exercise adherence of dance sport players. Third, it was also shown that dance sport coach-player behavior fit affected the exercise adherence of dance sport players. These results showed that dance sport coach’s leadership style is the important factor in explanation of the behavior fit and exercise adherence of dance sport players.

The Effect of Sports Motivation of Middle School SOCCER Players on the Sports Goal Orientation

Sunjang Lee,Jongsoo Kim,Jusik Park J-INSTITUTE 2020 Kinesiology Vol.5 No.2

Purpose: The study was conducted to verify how sports motivations affect sports goal orientations for mid-dle school soccer players. In order to achieve the goal of this study, a survey was conducted on 338 middle school soccer players to analyze the collected data. The conclusions of the analysis are as follows. Method: In this study, the data collected through the questionnaire was analyzed using SPSS 26.0. Frequen-cy analysis was conducted to identify the demographic and statistical characteristics of the study participants, and the reliability coefficient(Cronbach α) was calculated to determine the stability, consistency, and predicta-bility of the measurement tools for each item. One-way ANOVA was conducted to find out how the demograph-ic variables of middle school soccer players differed in sports motivation and sports goal orientation. In addition, multiple regression analysis was conducted to verify how sports motivations of middle school soccer players affect their sports goal orientations. The significance level of all the statistics was set at .05. Result: First, the analysis of the differences in sports motivation according to the school year of middle school soccer players showed statistically significant differences in self-control and amotivation factors. Second, an analysis of the differences in sports motivation according to the athletic career of middle school soccer players showed statistically significant differences in intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and amotivation factors. Third, an analysis of the effect of middle school soccer players sports motivation on sports goal orien-tation showed that self-control was a factor in task orientation and that there were statistically significant dif-ferences in intrinsic and extrinsic motivations on the ego orientation. Suggestions: Suggestions for future studies based on the results of this study include the following. This study was conducted only for middle school students, so subsequent studies would be meaningful if they were conducted on high school and college students as well. And a study on the differences between teenagers, col-lege students, and regular soccer players will also be meaningful. It would also be meaningful if there were studies that identified not only sports motivation and sports goal orientation but also relationships with various variables and qualitative studies that could find in-depth causes.

스포츠 선수의 국적변경에서 파생된 법적 쟁점에 관한 고찰

김종호(Jongho Kim) 한국법학회 2019 법학연구 Vol.75 No.-

필자가 왜 스포츠 선수 중에는 국적을 변경하는 사람이 많은지 라는 의문을 가진 것은 원래 외국 국적을 가진 스포츠 선수가 자신의 국적을 변경하고 우리나라의 국가대표로 선발되었다는 뉴스를 접한 것이 직접적인 계기이다. 그 사이에 여러 가지 스포츠 대회를 보고 우리나라 대표로 나서는 선수들은 당연히 자신들이 한국 대표로 참가하고, 우리를 위해서 열심히 경기를 하고 있다고 생각했던 선수들의 행동이 이상하게 여겨졌다. 국가를 대표할 선수가 원래는 다른 나라 국적인 것은 뭔가가 잘못되었다고 생각했다. 그러나 이번 연구의 소재로서 이 문제에 관심을 가지고 조사를 하던 중 스포츠는 그냥 열광하거나 감동하는 것이 아니라 정치적인 이유 혹은 상업주의화라는 이익을 원했기 때문에 급격히 그 양상이 변하고 있다는 것을 확인하였다. 또 스포츠 선수는 자신의 꿈을 이루겠다고 생각하고 그래서 국적변경도 마다하지 않는 것이라는 사실을 알았을 때 필자가 보기에는 스포츠 선수의 개인적인 삶이 그 배경에 자리하고 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이 글에서 필자는 스포츠 선수가 국적을 변경하는 이유는 스포츠가 상업주의화를 진행한 결과 그 본질적인 모습의 변화에 큰 영향을 미치고 있다고 진단하였다. 스포츠의 상업주의화의 일부분이 스포츠 선수의 국적변경의 이유 있는 한 부분이라고 생각하지만 이처럼 영향을 미치는 것 같다고 생각하는 것만으로 고찰을 계속할 필요가 있는지는 의문이 든다. 더 나아가 2가지 사이의 관계성을 제대로 밝히면 좋겠다고 생각하였다. 또 국적을 변경하는 스포츠 선수에 관한 선행연구 문헌이 많지 않기 때문에 여러 채널을 통해 사례조사를 하였다. 그러나 이외에 다른 연구방법은 없을까 여전히 의문이 있다. 다만, 조사를 진행하고 나서 한 가지 확인한 것은 국적변경 제도의 시스템이 잘 작동하지 못하고 있는 것 아니냐는 의문이다. 즉, 국민에게 그 국가의 일원이자 자긍심을 갖게 하거나 다른 나라에 자국의 우월성을 알리는 수단으로서 선수의 국적변경을 촉진하는 것은 뭔가 모순되는 것은 아닌가 하는 생각이다. 이 글을 통해서 스포츠라는 것을 이전과는 다른 관점에서 이해할 필요가 있고 이것은 이전보다 스포츠에 더 다양한 관심을 갖는 계기가 될 것이다. 미디어에 비치는 하나하나의 장면에도 뭔가가 숨어 있지 않은지 찾아야 할 것이고, 장차 어떻게 스포츠가 변화하는지 호기심이나 흥미를 가질 수 있을 것이다. 다만, 선수의 국적변경에 얼마나 많은 금전적인 이유가 관여되었거나 국가가 이익을 추구하고 스포츠 외적인 이유에 얽힌 것이 있어도 운동선수나 국민 모두 그 경기에 열광하거나 감동하는 것은 예전과 비교해도 크게 변하지 않을 것이다. I wondered why there are so many sports players who change their nationality. It is a direct opportunity to hear the news that a sports player with a foreign nationality changed his nationality and was selected as the national representative of Korea. In the meantime, the athletes who saw the various sports competitions and became the representatives of Korea, of course, felt strange about the behavior of the players who thought they were participating as Korean representatives and playing hard for us. The player who would represent the nation originally thought something was wrong with another state. However, while researching with interest in this issue as the subject of this study, it was confirmed that the sport was not just enthusiastic or impressed, but was rapidly changing because it wanted to benefit from political reasons or commercialization. Also, when I realized that a sports player thought of fulfilling his dream and that he would not change his nationality, I could see that the personal life of the sports player was in the background. In this article, I diagnosed that the reason for the change of nationality of sports athletes has a big influence on the change of the essential features of sports as a result of commercialization. I think that part of the commercialization of sports is part of the reason for a change in the nationality of a sports player, but it is questionable whether it is necessary to continue the consideration just by thinking that it seems to affect this. Furthermore, I thought it would be good to clarify the relationship between the two. In addition, case studies were conducted through various channels because there are not many literatures on sports athletes changing nationality. However, there are still questions about whether there are other research methods. However, one thing that was confirmed after the research was the question whether the nationality change system is not working well. In other words, it is contradictory to promote the change of nationality of athletes as a means of giving the people the pride and pride of the nation or informing other countries of their superiority. Through this article, it is necessary to understand sports from a different perspective than before, and this will lead to more diversified interest in sports than before. We will have to find out what’s hidden in every single scene in the media, and we will be curious or interested in how the sport changes in the future. However, no matter how much monetary reasons involved in changing a player’s nationality, or where the state pursues profits and are involved in non-sports reasons, the excitement and excitement of both athletes and the public will not change much.

학생선수의 인권과 일반학생의 학습권보장에 관한 연구 - 스포츠교육의 정상화 관점에서 -

김상겸 한국스포츠엔터테인먼트법학회 2009 스포츠와 법 Vol.12 No.1

It has already been more than a century since Korea adopted Western sports. Modern Western sports was translated into 'gymnastic(in Korean,'che-yuk', which means to discipline one's body)' as it entered our society. The implication of this translation is that education was thought as an inseparably important factor in sports. Furthermore, the Basic Law on Education states in clause 22.2 the importance of sports in education and the necessity of sports subject in schools. According to this clause, state and local governments should establish and implement policies encouraging student's sports activity. Is is quite evident to put a strong emphasis on sports considering the goal of education which is to yield well-balanced youths in every aspect. Nevertheless, the reality of our education concentrates solely on the university entrance exam, far from realizing the state's duty to enhance physical health of students. Student sports player are in the same context required only sports activities for a better grade and university. These kinds of incongruity raises serious social issues, causing imbalanced growth of the youths. In recent years, violation of human rights of student sports player has been raised as a social issue. Government and social sectors are coming up with various resolutions but they do not seem to provide the best solutions. Meanwhile, the exam-oriented education system is maintaining its abnormality, regarding sports as a subject merely required by law. This does not concede with the goal of education raising well-balanced youths. This violates the student's rights to education as well. In 2008, the National Human Rights Committee made a research on the actual conditions of human rights violation in sports domains, including violence. The result turned out as shocking. Student sports player in middle and high schools were being seriously deprived of their rights. An immediate and necessary improvement is required. The government and the society should rethink the direction they are turning to. In this condition, our society cannot think of further development. Education will collapse as well as sports. Sports is an important part of education and functions as a growth engine of human being. However, if sports is practiced only in a way to instigate and strengthen the hostile and belligerent personality, it will not conform with the substance of sports and education. Our Constitution guarantees the basic rights of people and protects youths. Neglecting the rights to education of student sports player means a violation of legal system under the Constitution. State-led education is directly and indirectly formed by the value and goal of education stated in the Constitution. The establishment and implementation of policies to encourage sports activities in school are the responsibility of local governments and our society. To guarantee the human rights and rights to education of student sports players, normalization of sports education system in schools are a necessary step to take. 우리나라는 서양의 스포츠를 수용하여 더불어 살아온 지 벌써 한 세기가 넘었다. 근대 서양의 스포츠는 우리 사회에 들어오면서 체육이란 용어로 번역되어 정착되었다. 이는 스포츠가 갖는 교육적 요소를 중요하게 생각한 결과이다. 그만큼 스포츠에 있어서 교육적 요소는 분리할 수 없는 중요한 요소이다. 더구나 우리 교육기본법은 학생교육에 있어서 체육의 중요성을 인식하고 제22조의2에 학교체육에 관하여 규정을 두고 있다. 이 규정에 의하여 국가와 지방자치단체는 학생의 체력 증진과 체육활동 장려에 필요한 시책을 수립·실시하여야 한다. 미래세대인 청소년에게 학교교육에서 체육을 강조하는 것은 전인교육을 지향하는 교육의 목표를 위하여 당연한 결과이다. 그럼에도 우리 교육현실은 국가의 교육에 대한 책무로써 체육교육의 중요성을 강조하는 것과 달리 오로지 대학입시를 위한 교육에만 치중하고 있다. 이와 함께 또 다른 한편에서 학생선수들에게는 오히려 대학입시와 성적을 위한 운동만 요구하고 있다. 이런 현실의 부조화는 사회문제를 발생시키며 청소년의 불균형적 성장을 조장하고 있다. 최근 몇 년 동안 학생선수에 대한 인권침해가 사회문제화되었다. 이에 대하여 국가와 사회는 여러 대책을 내놓고 있지만 해결책으로는 미흡하다. 또한 학교교육이 입시교육에만 집중되면서 일반학생들에게 체육은 법이 요구하는 교과목에 불과하여 기형적인 교육이 계속되고 있다. 이는 전인간성을 지향하는 교육목표에도 합치되지 않으며, 학생들의 학습권을 침해한다. 2008년 국가인권위원회는 스포츠 분야의 폭력문제 등 인권침해 실태를 조사하였다. 조사결과는 충격적으로 중·교교 학생선수의 인권침해가 아주 심각한 수준에 이르고 있다. 이는 필히 개선되어야 하고, 국가와 사회는 깊이 반성해야 한다. 이러한 상황에서 우리 사회는 발전을 기약할 수 없다. 교육도 망가지고 스포츠도 더 이상의 발전을 기대할 수 없다. 스포츠는 교육의 한 부분이고 인간이 성장하는데 있어서 하나의 동력이다. 스포츠가 중요하여도 교육을 받으며 인격적으로 성장해야 할 나이에 오직 승부에만 집착하는 인성이 형성된다면, 이는 스포츠의 본질에도 어긋나고 교육에서는 더욱 더 문제만 야기할 뿐이다. 우리 헌법은 국민의 기본권을 보장하고 청소년을 보호하고 있다. 헌법과 법률이 학생선수의 권리를 보장하고 학습권을 보호하고 있음에도 이를 방치하는 것은 법질서를 위반하는 것이다. 국가가 주도하는 학교교육은 헌법에 의하여 직·간접적으로 형성된 교육의 목표와 가치에 의하여 결정된다. 그렇기 때문에 학교체육의 활성화를 위한 시책의 수립과 시행은 법에 의한 국가와 지방자치단체의 의무이며 우리 사회가 이행해야 할 책임이다. 따라서 학생선수의 인권을 보장하고 일반학생의 교육권보장을 위하여 학교스포츠의 정상화가 필요하다.

미국 메이저리그야구선수협의 선수에이전트 관리 규정에 관한 고찰

주종미(Jongmi Joo) 한국법학원 2017 저스티스 Vol.- No.158-3

한국 스포츠는 ‘프로스포츠의 발전과 시대적 요청 그리고 선수들의 권익보호’를 위해 스포츠에이전트 제도가 절실히 필요하며, 이에 대한 법적 근거 마련 및 육성에 대한 논의가 이루어져야 한다고 본다. 이에 본 연구에서는 한국형 스포츠에이전트 제도가 잘 도입되고 정착되기 위해서는 우선 준거가 필요하다고 판단하여 그 준거가 될 수 있는 모델을 미국 메이저리그 선수협이 수행하고 있는 ‘선수에이전트 관리 규정’으로 선정하였다. 스포츠에이전트 제도가 가장 잘 발달되어 있는 미국 메이저리그 선수협의 선수에이전트 제도를 검토하는 것은 의미가 있을 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 본 연구는 우선 미국 메이저리그 선수협의 ‘선수에이전트 관리 규정’을 면밀히 검토한 후 한국형 스포츠에이전트 제도 기반 마련에 응용할 수 있는 중요한 시사점을 발견하여 이를 제시하고자 한다. 미국 메이저리그 야구선수협의 ‘선수에이전트 관리 규정’을 고찰한 결과 다음과 같은 시사점을 제시할 수 있다. 첫째, 한국형 스포츠에이전트를 정확하게 정의하고 규정할 필요가 있다. 스포츠에이전트의 정의가 명확히 설정이 되어야 그들의 업무 범위를 결정지을 수 있기 때문이다. 둘째, 한국형 스포츠에이전트는 모든 스포츠산업 분야를 총괄할 수 있는 하나의 일원화된 ‘스포츠에이전트’로 규정할 것인지 아니면 메이저리그 야구선수협과 같이 ‘선수에이전트만’을 규정할 것인지 판단해야 한다. 셋째, 스포츠에이전트 선발에 있어서 시험제도를 둘 것인지 아니면 단순히 교육이수만을 할 것인지 판단해야 한다. 넷째, 스포츠에이전트의 결격사유에 관해서도 명확히 규정할 필요가 있다. 다섯째, 스포츠에이전트의 금지행위 및 금지행위에 따른 징계에 관해 규정할 필요가 있다. 여섯째, 한국형 스포츠에이전트 역시 선수와 에이전트의 고용관계를 어떻게 규정할 것인지에 대해 고민할 필요가 있다. 일곱째, 에이전트 계약기간과 보수에 대해서도 명확하게 규정할 필요가 있다. 여덟째, 선수와 에이전트간의 분쟁을 어떻게 해결할 것인가에 대한 문제를 고민하여 규정할 필요가 있다. Sport agent system in Korea is required to be established by development of professional sports, demands of the times, and protection of player’s human rights. To be well introduced and settled Korean version of sport agent system, this study chose and reviewed ‘MLBPA Regulations governing player agent’ as a criterion for Korea Sport. The purpose of this study was to closely review on ‘MLBPA Regulations governing player agent’ and then to find some implications from that for setting solid foundation of Korean version of sport agent system. The results were as follows: First, the meaning of ‘sport agent’ should be closely defined to regulate the task range of sport agent in Korea. Second, the meaning of sport agent in Korea should be defined whether as a sport agent of unification encompassing all sport business fields or only for player’s agent. Third, policy for screening and selection of sport agent should be well organized. Fourth, standards of disqualification should be regulated. Fifth, the forbidden behavior and discipline action for sport agent should be regulated. Sixth, employment relation between player and agent should be regulated. Seventh, the policy for contract period and compensation should be regulated. eighth, policy for disputes and arbitration between player and agent should be regulated in Korean version of sport agent system.

현행 전문스포츠지도사 자격검정제도의 면제대상 범위에 대한 재검토

이규만,이근희 인하대학교 법학연구소 2023 法學硏究 Vol.26 No.1

In accordance with the proviso to Article 11 (2) of the current National Sports Promotion Act, each subparagraph of Article 10-2 of the Enforcement Decree of the same Act exempts school sports teachers, national team players, and professional sports players from part of the qualification test or training course. Until now, there have been many critical thoughts on the scope of some exemptions in the sports instructor qualification system. Therefore, it is necessary to review ambiguous related regulations, such as the basis and criteria for designation of some scope of exemption. Of course, for this purpose, the re-establishment of the concept of terms under the National Sports Promotion Act should take precedence. Through this, it is necessary to expand the scope of some test exemptions in the qualification test of professional sports instructors pursuant to Article 10-2 of the Enforcement Decree of the same Act. In particular, the law should be revised in the direction of “including those who were more than youth players” by expanding the “national team players” to “national team players, etc.” This is because youth representatives are dispatched to participate in international competitions on behalf of Korea in practice. In addition, it is important to form a consensus with athletes in the field in order to realize the ultimate purpose of the National Sports Promotion Act is to promote national sports and improve the training and quality of sports leaders. In addition, there are no clear standards or grounds for designation in the laws and regulations regarding the designation criteria for professional sports players. In other words, the designation of a professional sports organization designated by the Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism may be designated as an arbitrary interpretation such as excessive political logic, which may lead to misuse of the designated authority. I think that the understanding and quality of sports culture is most important for qualifications as a sports leader. It is important to fully reflect this in the qualification stage of professional sports instructors and to legalize it so that it can actually play a role in enhancing the professionalism of sports leaders. 현행 국민체육진흥법 제11조 제2항 단서에 따라 동법 시행령 제10조의2 각호에서 학교체육교사, 국가대표선수, 프로스포츠선수에 대해 스포츠지도사 자격검정이나 연수과정의 일부를 면제하고 있다. 그러나 동법 시행령에서 규정하고 있는 면제대상 범위를 어떻게 이해하고 어떠한 기준에 의해서 설정할 것인가 하는 것은 전문스포츠지도사 자격을취득하려는 자에게는 중요한 문제가 아닐 수 없다. 때문에 일부 면제대상 범위에 대한지정근거와 기준 등 모호한 관련 규정에 대해서 재검토가 필요하다. 물론 이를 위해서는 국민체육진흥법상 용어에 대한 개념의 재정립이 우선되어야 한다. 이를 통해 동법 시행령 제10조의2에 의해 전문스포츠지도사의 자격검정에서 일부시험 면제대상의 범위를 확대할 필요가 있다. 특히 ‘국가대표선수’를 ‘국가대표선수 등’으로확대하여 ‘청소년대표선수 이상 의였던 사람을 포함’하는 방향으로 법 개정이 이뤄져야한다. 실무에서 우리나라를 대표하여 국제경기대회에 출전하기 위해 청소년대표 등을 파견하고 있다. 그것과 더불어 국민체육진흥법의 궁극적 목적이 국민체육진흥과 체육지도자의 양성 및 자질 향상을 위해서라도 현장의 선수들과의 공감대를 형성하는 것이 중요하다. 또한 프로스포츠선수와 관련해 법규상 명확한 기준이나 지정근거가 마련되어 있지 않다. 즉 문화체육관광부 장관이 지정하는 프로스포츠 단체라고 규정하고 있을 뿐, 이를 어떻게 해석하고 어떠한 기준에 의해 지정할 것인지에 대해 하위법령에 관련 규정이 마련되어 있지 않아 자치 잘못하면 정치적 논리 등 자의적 해석에 따라 지정될 소지가 다분하다. 이로 인해 지정권한에 대한 오남용이 우려된다. 생각건대, 체육지도자로서의 자격요건은 무엇보다 스포츠 문화의 이해와 자질 등이중요하다. 전문스포츠지도사 자격검정 단계에서 이를 충분히 반영하고 실질적으로 전문스포츠지도사의 전문성을 제고시키는 역할을 할 수 있도록 법 제도화 하는 것이 중요하다고 할 것이다.