테이퍼타입 스크류프레스를 적용한 가축분뇨 고액분리의 현장적용성 연구

엄태규 ( Eom Tae-kyu ),이진석 ( Lee Jin-seok ) 한국수처리학회 2016 한국수처리학회지 Vol.24 No.5

Cylinder-type screw press has been widely applied to the solid-liquid separator of livestock manure, while taper-type screw press has not yet. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the possibility of pre-treatment of livestock manure using taper-type screw press. A new taper-type screw press was designed and applied to the field test in pig farms and dairy farms. The experimental results for the solid-liquid separation of livestock manure using a taper-type screw press showed that the dewatering efficiency increased compared to the conventional cylinder-type screw press. The water content of the dewatered solids was indicated to be 70∼75% for cylinder-type solid-liquid sparator and 65∼68% for cylinder-type solid-liquid separator. The taper-type screw press(round 1.5mm) exhibited that a large amount of solids was discharged in the separated liquid, resulting from the fact that the size of its screen opening was larger than that of cylinder-type screw(slot 0.5mm). The SS concentrations in the separated liquid were observed to be 20,000∼40,000ppm for cylinder-type screw press and 30,000∼50,000ppm for taper-type screw press. The taper-type solid-liquid separator has benefit in the view of solids recycling in the way that it could decrease the water content of dewatered solids while it has also disadvantage in the view of recycling and disposal of the separated liquid.

양돈 농가형 액비순환시스템 설치 사례 연구

한갑원,김학준,한갑운 (사)한국축산환경학회 2021 한국축산시설환경학회지 Vol.23 No.2

Recently, several swine farmers are trying to install a “Liquid Manure Pit Recharge System (LMPRS)” to reduce odors, but many farmers are suffering from a lack of related information. This research was carried out to provide information to pig farmers who want to install a LMPRS through field surveys of the LMPRS applied to several swine farmers, investigating characteristics of installation and operation, and classifying types by process. The field survey of five farms found common operation methods such as initial stabilization period (180 days), retention period in the aeration tank (30 days), temperature in the aeration tank (30°C), and mixed liquer suspended solid (MLSS) (3,000 ppm), and based on the analysis of the process flow of each farm, it was possible to classify as type 1 (periodic addition of microorganisms, no solid-liquid separation), type 2 (periodic addition of microorganisms, conduct solid-liquid separation), type 3 (no microorganisms addition, conduct solid-liquid separation), and type 3-1 (no microorganisms addition, conduct the 1st, 2nd solid-liquid separation) based on whether microorganism was continuously added or not and whether using solid-liquid separator. It is believed that this research can be used as a basic data to help farmers who wish to install LMPRS by presenting common operation and management methods and types by process.

감귤박의 고액분리 특성 연구

김소현,신명석,김정은,권순화,성용주 한국펄프·종이공학회 2023 펄프.종이기술 Vol.55 No.5

The high water content of citrus pomace and the high contents of fine particles and soluble materials result in the limited usability of the citrus pomace such as the low-value feed for cow. In order to use citrus pomace as a valuable organic material for various industrial applications, the proper liquid-solid separation process is necessarily required. In this study, the efficient solid-liquid separation methods to solve this problem were investigated. The compression press device and the centrifugal device showed lower separation efficiency than that of the screw press device. The low separation yield of the screw press device was increased by the addition of biomass particles as bulking agents. Fibrous biomass bulking agents made with BKP, ONP, and OCC resulted in the higher efficiency of the solid-liquid separation and lower concentration of the liquid extract. Some flocculants were applied to increase the separation efficiency of the fine solid particles from the liquid extract. The addition of cationic PAM resulted in the coagulation of fine particles and the effective removal of fines in the liquid extract.

폭기량과 고액분리에 따른 혐기소화폐액의 액비화 특성에 관한 연구

한성국,정희숙,송형운,안대현 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2015 한국폐기물자원순환학회지 Vol.32 No.6

Recently, it is increase in the processing of organic waste using anaerobic digestion. Therefore, the studies on the processing method for increasing the anaerobic digestion waste water. Among them, purification treatment and liquid fertilizer have been issues. But, efficiency of the ways is very insufficient. While increasing the anaerobic digestion process, increasing study for the treatment of anaerobic digestion waste water. In this study, It was evaluate the characteristic of liquid fertilizer of anaerobic digestion waste water as affected by aeration rate and solid-liquid separation. Also, we review liquid fertilizer degree using maturity assessment indicators of liquid fertilizer by national institute of animal science. As a result, insertion of air (3.5 L/min) sample after solid-liquid separation appeared was the highest. pH and color was difficult to understanding correlation with liquid fertilizer among maturity assessment indicators (seed germination, ammonia (NH3), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), electrical conductivity (EC), pH, color, etc).

Study on the Mechanism of Hindered Sedimentation by ‘Unified Theory on Solid-Liquid Separation’

임성삼,송연민 한국화학공학회 2005 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.22 No.3

The entire procedure of hindered sedimentation has been calculated by the introduction of new boundaryas ‘a process of sedimentation with transmission of the gravitational force between the particles due to contact.’ Thelower concentration limit, on which the ‘unified theory on solid-liquid separation’ is based, could not be applied. Tounderstand the mechanism of hindered sedimentation, variations in the porosity during sedimentation were calcu-lated by using our theory.

혐기소화폐액의 응집제 특성에 따른 멤브레인 필터프레스의 고액분리 특성

한성국,정회숙,송형운,안대현,김호 유기성자원학회 2014 유기물자원화 Vol.22 No.3

Recently, it is increase in the processing of organic waste using anaerobic digestion. Therefore, the studies on the processing method for increasing the anaerobic digestion waste water. But it is very difficult to solid-liquid separation, because the characteristics of anaerobic digestion waste water. So this study evaluate solid-liquid separation efficiency of anaerobic digestion sludge using CST(Capillary Suction Time), TTF(Time to Filter). To address this problem, a membrane filter press of the lab scale was produced and the anaerobic digestion wastewater was applied to it. Polymer coagulants were found to be most suitable 7192PLUS and 1T60, It is necessary to minimum injection concentration is 7192PLUS (200 mg/L), 1T60 (100 mg/L). To evaluate dehydration efficiency, it was measured the moisture content of the dehydrated cake and suspended solids of decanted water. As a result, showed that a high removal efficiency of 97.4% when the solid-liquid separation using the membrane filter press. And the moisture content of the dehydrated cake was less than 65%. 최근 들어 유기성폐기물의 혐기소화를 이용한 처리(에너지화)가 증가하고 있다. 이에 따라서 혐기소화 후 발생하는 혐기소화폐액의 처리방안에 대한 연구도 증가하고 있다. 그러나, 혐기소화폐액의특성상 문제로 고액분리에 매우 어려움이 있다.이에 본 연구에서는 CST와 TTF를 이용하여 혐기소화폐액에 대한 응집에 따른 고액분리 특성을 파악하였다. 또한 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 실험실수준의 멤브레인 필터프레스를 제작하고, 혐기소화폐액에 적용하였다. 고분자 응집제는 7192PLUS 와 1T60가 가장 적합한 것으로 확인되었으며, 최소 7192PLUS (200 mg/L), 1T60 (100 mg/L)이상의 투입이 필요하였다. 탈수효율을 평가하기 위하여 탈수케이크의 함수율과 탈리여액의 입자성 고형물을 이용하였다. 결과적으로, 멤브레인 필터프스를 이용하여 고액분리 시 입자성 고형물의 제거효율은 97.4%로 높게 나타났으며, 탈수케이크의 함수율은 65%이하로 나타났다.

중공사분리막 모듈이 침지된 고액분리조를 이용한 활성슬러지의 고액분리

박헌휘 湖西大學校 工業技術硏究所 2002 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.21 No.-

In this study, solid-liquid separation of permeates from the final aerobic basin was performed using solid-liquid separation basin containing hollow fiber membrane modules(SLSBM). The MLSS value of the final aerobic basin and the SLSBM was about 5,500㎎/L in both cases. When the air flow was increased from 30 Nm^2/hr to 45Nm^2/hr, the water flux(ℓ/m^2·hr) was increased 20% and the fouling of the membrane was reduced. The water flux was also measured at various operating conditions such as suction time, idle time and backwashing time. When the backwashing time was increased twice without an idle time, the flux was increased 20%. When the backwashing time was increased twice with 10 or 20 sec. idle time, the flux was increased 30%. The experimental results indicated that suspended solids(SS) and turbidity were removed about 99%. In addition, the organic(COD_Mn) removal efficiency of SLSBM was 2 times higher than that of the conventional activated sludge process.

Articles : A Unified Theory on Solid-Liquid Separation: Filtration, Expression, Sedimentation, Filtration by Centrifugal Force, And Cross Flow Filtration

( Sung Sam Yim ),( Young Du Kwon ) 한국화학공학회 1997 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.14 No.5

Based upon a new conception that the solid compressive pressure on a cake surface is not null, almost of all solid-liquid separation operations have been re-examined. For cake filtration, the phenomenon caused by the solid compressive pressure on a cake surface is discussed for thin cake. New expression and hindered sedimentation theories are developed by above new conception using Darcy`s equation. Application of the new conception to centrifugal filtration and tangential filtration is also discussed. Above results lead to the conclusion that cake filtration, expression, hindered sedimentation, centrifugal filtration and tangential filtration can be described with a unified theory, and the main difference between the operations is only the boundary condition of cake.

양돈농가의 돈분뇨 액비화 처리 우수사례 실태조사

김수량,전상준,홍인기,김동균,이명규,Kim, Soo-Ryang,Jeon, Sang-Joon,Hong, In-Gi,Kim, Dong-Kyun,Lee, Myung-Gyu 한국축산환경학회 2012 축산시설환경학회지 Vol.18 No.2

본 연구에서 조사된 일부 선도적인 양돈농가에서는 설치 운영하는 호기적 액상발효 공정은 대부분의 농가가 공정별 설계인자 및 물리 화학적인 성분변화의 특성보다는 경험적인 운영을 토대로 액비를 생산하고 있는 것을 알 수 있었다. 김 등의 조사연구에 따르면 가축분뇨의 발생단계인 분뇨수거방식은 현재 국내 돈사의 70% 이상이 슬러리 형태로 분뇨가 배출되고 있는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 양돈분뇨의 수거방식과 배출형태가 대부분 슬러리라는 사실은 양돈분뇨의 적정처리에 의한 환경오염 차단과 자원화 이용과정에 적용될 각종 공법 및 시스템 적용이 돈사 슬러리부터 집중 관리해야 함을 시사한다. 이처럼 가축분뇨 액비화의 적정처리에 있어서는 발생단계 뿐만 아니라 액비가 토양에 환원되기 직전까지의 모든 과정이 전반적으로 고려되어야 한다. 본 연구의 조사대상 농가의 가축분뇨 액비화 운영에 있어서 핵심적으로 구분 할 수 있는 단계를 주요사항 별로 구분하여 Table 8에 나타내었다. 가축분뇨 액비화 처리에 있어서 고액분리 단계의 경우 고액분리 방식과 효율에 따라 BOD (생물학적산소요구량), COD (화학적산소요구량), VFA (휘발성지방산) 등의 제거율의 차이가 있는 것으로 보고되고 있으며, 이는 후단공정 즉 주발효조에서의 공기주입량의 산정, 공기공급방식, 발효기간 및 2차 발효 등 운영방식 결정에 주요한 요인이 될 수 있다. 이와 같이 액비가 생산되어 토양에 환원되기까지의 과정은 각각의 주요한 요소들이 유기적으로 연계되어 있으며, 농가 현장을 방문조사하고, 생산되는 액비를 비교 분석한 결과 액비화 공정에 있어서 필수적인 핵심적 단계를 도출 할 수 있었다. 이에 대한 주요내용은 다음과 같다. 1. 돈사 슬러리 관리 단계 돈사 슬러리는 혐기부패를 최대한 방지하며, 주요 악취물질인 $H_2S$, $NH_4$, VFAs의 생성을 억제하여야 한다. 돈사환경을 개선하기 위한 방법으로서는 부숙이 완전히 완료되어 유용미생물이 활성화된 액비를 돈사 세척수로 이용하거나, 슬러리 피트에 일부 투입하여 단순 저장일수를 처리일수로의 개념적 전환이 필요하다. 2. 고액분리 단계 일반적으로 BOD의 주요원인인 고농도의 유기물질은 대부분 분뇨의 고형성분에 포함되어 있기 때문에 물리적 처리공정인 고액분리 단계에서 최대한으로 제거하여 후단공정인 주발효조의 부하를 최소화 시킨다. 3. 발효처리-공기공급 단계 축산농가 마다 사료의 종류나 관리방법 등이 각기 다르므로 배출되는 슬러리의 성상을 파악하여 물질수지와 처리일수에 기초한 발효조 용량과 공기주입량의 산정이 필요하다. 또한 공기확산 및 막힘현상을 고려한 자동제어 장치나 발효조의 상태를 감시 제어하기 위한 인자로서 pH 및 산화환원전위 등을 실시간으로 모니터링 하는 것이 중요하다. 4. 발효처리-미생물, 반송 단계 일반점검 (온도, pH, 용존산소, 산화환원전위, 전기전도도 등)과 정밀점검 (BOD, COD, VFAs, SS, N, P 등)의 주기적인 점검을 통하여 미생물 생장에 알맞은 유입농도와 반송량을 결정하고 농가환경에 맞는 발효조 운전방식을 확립 할 필요가 있다. 5. 후숙처리-최종액비 단계 후숙조에서는 공기과잉 투입으로 인한 질소성분의 손실을 방지하고, 유용미생물을 이용하여 토양환원에 적합한 액비를 제조한다. 가스발생에 의한 작물생육 피해를 방지할 수 있는 액비 안정화 운전기술을 확립하고, 살포시기 The purpose of the study is to collect basis data for to establish standard administrative processes of liquid fertilizer treatment. From this survey we could make out the key point of each step through a case of effective liquid manure treatment system in pig house. It is divided into six step; 1. piggery slurry management step, 2. Solid-liquid separation step, 3. liquid fertilizer treatment (aeration) step, 4. liquid fertilizer treatment (microorganism, recirculation and internal return) step, 5. liquid fertilizer treatment (completion) step, 6. land application step. From now on, standardization process of liquid manure treatment technologies need to be develop based on the six steps process.

고액분리 통합이론에서 pd의 역할: 간섭침전, 케이크 여과, 압착에서 케이크 두께를 중심으로

임성삼 ( Sung Sam Yim ),송연민 ( Yun Min Song ) 한국화학공학회 2012 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.50 No.2

To know the role of ``the solid compressive pressure to the first solid layer of a cake, pd`` in the ``unified theory on solid-liquid separation``, we analyzed extremely compressible cake formed with floc for the following three operations with our new concepts, First, the role of pd was studied in calculating the sediment thickness of floc, and in calculating the cake thickness in cake filtration performed with floc sediment. Second, we calculated the expression procedure using pd, Finally, the influence of pd on cake thickness in hindered sedimentation, and on the calculation of the procedure of hindered sedimentation pd was verified, Thus the possibility of application of ``unified theory on solid-liquid separation`` and the importance of pd was verified, Through these processes, new theoretical definitions of the cake filtration, expression and hindered sedimentation was established.