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- 주제어 : Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction (SNCR) (검색결과 15 건)
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요소수를 이용하는 SNCR과 SCR의 탈질 특성 비교 연구
최경구(Gyung-Goo Choi),길상인(Sang-In Keel),이정규(Jung-Kyu Lee),허필우(Pil-Woo Heo),윤진한(Jin-Han Yun) 한국에너지기후변화학회 2018 에너지기후변화학회지 Vol.13 No.2
This research examined the reduction of NO by applying SCR(selective catalytic reduction) and SNCR(selective non-catalytic reduction) methods in oxy-fuel circulating fluidized bed combustion. The SO₂ reduction was also investigated by applying the FGC(flue gas condenser) for the dry flue gas recirculation. Especially, the effects of furnace (~803–951°C) and SCR reactor (~250–351°C) temperatures on the NO reduction were observed. The SNCR method could reduce the NO concentration in flue gas from ~168–172 to ~18–51 ppm, and the optimal combustion temperature was ~854°C. As the combustion temperature was ~803°C, the NH₃ slip was occured to the SCR reactor and further reduction of NO in SCR reactor was appeared. Through this phenomenon, the possibility was confirmed that the induced NH₃ slip at SNCR method can be used in SCR reactor for NO reduction. So, the simultaneous application of the SNCR and SCR method can accomplish the reduction agent saving for NO<SUB>x</SUB> reduction. On the other hand, the FGC using only water showed excellent performance for SO₂ reduction. It could reduce the SO₂ concentration in flue gas from ~253–276 to ~0 ppm. The SCR method was able to reduce the NO concentration in flue gas from ~169–174 to ~25–38 ppm and the optimal SCR reactor temperature was ~302°C. The SCR method achived better NO reduction performance than SNCR method. At the condition that urea solution injected as NH₃/NO ratio of ~2, NO reduction effieicy of SCR method was calculated to ~20% better than SNCR method.
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SNCR 시스템 내부의 물질 반응에 관한 전산해석적 연구
구성모,유경선,장혁상 한국청정기술학회 2019 청정기술 Vol.25 No.1
Numerical analysis was done to evaluate the chemical reaction and the reduction rate inside of selective non-catalyticreduction to denitrification in combustion process. The NOX reduction in selective non-catalytic reduction is converted to notonly nitrogen but also nitrous oxide. Simultaneous NOX reduction and nitrous oxide generation suppressing is required inselective non-catalytic reduction because nitrous oxide influences the global warming as a greenhouse gas. The current study wasperformed compare the computational analysis in the same temperature and amount of NaOH, and in comparison with theprevious research experiments and confirmed the reliability of the computational fluid dynamics. Additionally, controlling theaddition amount of NaOH to predict the NOX reduction efficiency and nitrous oxide production. Numerical analysis was done tocheck the mass fraction of each material in the measurement point at the end of selective non-catalytic reduction. ExperimentalValue and simulation value by numerical analysis showed an error of up to 18.9% was confirmed that a generally well predicted. and it was confirmed that the widened temperature range of more than 70% NOX removal rate is increased when the additionamount of NaOH. So, large and frequent changes of the reaction temperature waste incineration facilities are expected to be effective. 연소공정 내에서 질소산화물 배출을 저감하는 선택적 무촉매 환원장치 내부의 화학반응 및 저감효율에 대한 수치해석이 실행되었다. 선택적 무촉매 환원장치에서 저감된 질소산화물은 질소뿐만 아니라 아산화질소로도 전환된다. 아산화질소는 온실가스로써 지구온난화에 영향을 끼치기 때문에 선택적 무촉매 환원장치 내의 질소산화물 제어와 동시에 아산화질소 생성제어가 요구되어진다. 본 연구에서는 선행연구에서 실행된 실험과 온도조건과 가성소다의 첨가량이 동일한 선택적 무촉매환원장치 내의 전산해석을 실시하고 비교하여 전산해석의 신뢰성을 확인하고, 가성소다 첨가량을 추가적으로 조절하여 질소산화물의 저감 효율과 아산화질소 생성량을 예측하였다. 전산해석은 후단의 측정점을 설정하여 각 물질의 질량분율을 확인하였다. 세부적으로는 측정점에서 유동방향에 수직한 면을 설정하여 온도 조건과 가성소다 첨가량에 따른 각 물질의 평균 질량분율을 비교하였다. 실험값과 전산해석에 의한 모사값은 최대 18.9%의 오차를 보이며 대체적으로 잘 예측됨을 확인하였으며 가성소다 첨가량을 증가시켰을 땐 70% 이상의 제거율의 온도 범위가 넓어지는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 반응온도의 낙차가 크고 잦은 폐기물 소각시설 등에서 효과적일 것으로 예상된다.
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서준형,김영진,조계홍,조진상,한경호,윤도영 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2020 資源 리싸이클링 Vol.29 No.6
In the cement industry, NOx emission is recognized as an important problem, and NOx reduction technologies can be divided into process change, staged combustion, low NOx burner, selective non-catalytic reduction and selective catalytic reduction method. The operation of the selective non-catalytic reduction method, which is the most used in the cement industry, is expected to make it difficult to meet the emission standards to be strengthened in the future, and it is necessary to improve equipment such as SCR and secure technologies. Recently, we are developing technologies for simultaneous application of SNCR and SCR, dust and denitrification filter technology, and removal technology using NO oxidation. 시멘트 산업에서 질소산화물 배출은 중요한 문제로 인식되고 있으며 이를 저감하는 기술은 공정변경, 단계적 연소, 저 NOx 버너, SNCR, SCR로 나눌 수 있다. 이중 시멘트 산업에서 가장 많이 사용되고 있는 SNCR 운영만으로는 향후 강화될 배출허용기준을 만족시키기 어려울 것이 예상되며 SCR 등의 추가적인 장비 개선 및 기술 확보가 필요한 상황이다. 이에 따라 최근에는 국외를 중심으로 SNCR 및SCR 동시 적용 기술, 분진 및 탈질 필터 기술과 NO 산화를 이용한 제거기술 등을 개발하고 있다.
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생활폐기물 소각시 운전 조건에 따른 배출가스 저감 특성
최석주 ( Seok-ju Choe ),윤형선 ( Hyung-sun Yoon ),서성규 ( Seong-gyu Seo ) 한국환경기술학회 2018 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.19 No.3
본 연구에서는 열분해 소각시설에 대하여 운전 조건에 따른 배출가스 특성을 파악하였다. 소각대상은 생활폐기물로써 폐기물의 삼성분은 수분 33.8 %, 가연분 55.6 %, 회분 10.6 %이며, 소각온도는 약 1,000 ℃, 산소 농도는 약 12 %에서 최적의 연소 조건으로 나타났다. 선택적비촉매환원법(SNCR)의 요소수 분사 공정에서 NOx의 경우 1,000 ℃에서 최대 효율을 나타내었고 1,100℃ 이상에서 Thermal NOx의 발생으로 농도가 급격하게 증가하였다. 최적 연소 조건(1,000 ℃, 12 %)에서 대기오염 방지시설 전·후의 배출 농도 분석 결과, 제거효율은 Dust(96.4 %), NOx(60.1 %), SOx(67.3 %), CO(38.8 %), NH<sub>3</sub>(46.7 %), HCl(66.7 %)로 나타났다. This study, the characteristics of emission gas according to the operating conditions of pyrolysis incinerator were analyzed. The incinerator was the municipal waste. The wastes were 33.8 % moisture, 55.6 % combustible and 10.6 % ash, and the incineration temperature was about 1,000 ℃ and the oxygen concentration was about 12 %. In the urea water injection process of the SNCR(Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction) process, NOx showed maximum efficiency at 1,000 ℃, and the concentration increased rapidly due to the generation of thermal NOx at above 1,100 ℃. The removal efficiencies of Dust (96.4 %), NOx (60.1 %), SOx (67.3 %) and CO (38.8 %) were measured before and after the air pollution prevention facilities in the optimal combustion condition (1,000 ℃, 12 % NH3 (46.7 %) and HCl (66.7 %).
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Physico-chemical Characteristics of Ammonia Adsorbed Fly Ash (AAFA)
Kim, Jae-kwan,Park, Seok-un,Hong, Jin-pyo Korea Electric Power Corporation 2018 KEPCO Journal on electric power and energy Vol.4 No.1
Ammonia Adsorbed Fly Ash (AAFA) samples produced from coal fired plants equipped with SNCR (Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction) of nitrogen oxides with urea have been chemically analyzed, and their physical and dissolution properties have been investigated. XRD results for the ammonia component in AAFA ascertained that ABS (ammonium bisulfate) and AS (ammonium sulfate) were deposited on fly ash as $SO_3$ reacted with unreacted ammonia at SNCR. SEM and EDS images showed that fine ashes on large fly ash surface of sphere type were agglomerated, due to adhesive role of ammonium salts attached fly ashes. Dissolution test results of ammonium salts absorbed on AAFA in distilled water or sea water showed that the proportion of un-ionized $NH_3$ to $NH_4{^+}$ were primarily a function of pH and temperature. Increasing pH and temperature causes an increase in the fraction of un-ionized $NH_3$. At pHs of 9.6 and 10.7, un-ionized $NH_3$ and $NH_4{^+}$ ions are present in equal amounts at distilled water and sea water, respectively.
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NH<sub>3</sub>-based SNCR of NO<sub>x</sub> : Experimental and Simulation
차진선,박성훈,전종기,박영권,Cha, Jin Sun,Park, Sung Hoon,Jeon, Jong-Ki,Park, Young-Kwon The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering C 2011 공업화학 Vol.22 No.4
In this study, effects of temperature, NSR, and oxygen concentration on the $NO_x$ removal efficiency of an SNCR process were investigated experimentally as well as numerically using CHEMKIN-II program. The NO removal efficiency increased with the reactor temperature under oxygen-free condition, whereas when the oxygen concentration was 4%, the NO removal efficiency showed a maximum value at $900{\sim}950^{\circ}C$. The pressure of oxygen was shown to enhance the NO removal at low temperature. Regardless of the oxygen concentration, the NO removal efficiency increased with NSR. The temperature and NSR-dependencies of the NO removal efficiency predicted by CHEMKIN-II simulations were similar to that of the experimental results. 본 연구에서는 SNCR 공정에서 온도, NSR, 산소 농도가 질소산화물 제거 효율에 미치는 영향을 실험과 CHEMKIN-II 프로그램을 사용하여 수치적으로 조사하였다. 산소가 없는 조건에서 NO 제거 효율은 반응기 온도에 따라 증가하였다. 반면 산소농도가 4%일 때, NO 제거 효율은 $900{\sim}950^{\circ}C$에서 최대를 나타내었다. 산소의 존재는 저온에서 NO 제거를 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 산소농도와 무관하게 NO 제거 효율은 NSR에 따라 증가하였다. CHEMKIN-II에 의해 예측된 NO 제거 효율의 온도와 NSR-의존성은 실험결과와 유사하였다.
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박영권 ( Young Kwon Park ),차진선 ( Jin Sun Cha ),박성훈 ( Sung Hoon Park ),전종기 ( Jong Ki Jeon ) 한국공업화학회 2011 공업화학 Vol.22 No.4
본 연구에서는 SNCR 공정에서 온도, NSR, 산소 농도가 질소산화물 제거 효율에 미치는 영향을 실험과 CHEMKIN-II 프로그램을 사용하여 수치적으로 조사하였다. 산소가 없는 조건에서 NO 제거 효율은 반응기 온도에 따라 증가하였다. 반면 산소농도가 4%일 때, NO 제거 효율은 900∼950℃에서 최대를 나타내었다. 산소의 존재는 저온에서 NO 제거를 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 산소농도와 무관하게 NO 제거 효율은 NSR에 따라 증가하였다. CHEMKIN-II에 의해 예측된 NO 제거 효율의 온도와 NSR-의존성은 실험결과와 유사하였다. In this study, effects of temperature, NSR, and oxygen concentration on the NOx removal efficiency of an SNCR process were investigated experimentally as well as numerically using CHEMKIN-II program. The NO removal efficiency increased with the reactor temperature under oxygen-free condition, whereas when the oxygen concentration was 4%, the NO removal efficiency showed a maximum value at 900∼950℃. The pressure of oxygen was shown to enhance the NO removal at low temperature. Regardless of the oxygen concentration, the NO removal efficiency increased with NSR. The temperatureand NSR?dependencies of the NO removal efficiency predicted by CHEMKIN-II simulations were similar to that of the experimental results.
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