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      • KCI등재

        설계스펙트럼의 개정에 따른 철근콘크리트 보통모멘트골조의 내진성능수준 평가

        심정은,김준희 한국지진공학회 2022 한국지진공학회논문집 Vol.26 No.5

        New buildings have been designed using different seismic design standards that have been revised. However, the seismic performance of existing buildings is evaluated through the same performance evaluation guidelines. Existing buildings may not satisfy the performance targets suggested in the current guidelines, but there are practical limitations to discriminating the existing buildings with poor seismic performance through a full investigation. In this regard, to classify buildings with poor seismic performance according to the applied standard, this study aimed to evaluate performance-based investigation of the seismic design proposals of buildings with different design standards. The target buildings were set as RC ordinary moment frames for office occupancy. Changes in seismic design criteria by period were analyzed, and the design spectrum changes of reinforced concrete ordinary moment resisting frames were compared to analyze the seismic load acting on the building during design. The seismic design plan was derived through structural analysis of the target model, compared the member force and cross-sectional performance, and a preliminary evaluation of the seismic performance was performed to analyze the performance level through DCR. As a result of the seismic performance analysis through the derived design, the reinforced concrete ordinary moment frame design based on AIK 2000 has an insufficient seismic performance level, so buildings built before 2005 are likely to need seismic reinforcement.

      • State of Practice of Performance-Based Seismic Design in Korea

        Lee, Dong-Hun,Kim, Taejin,Kim, Jong-Ho,Kang, Dae-Eon Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat Korea 2012 International journal of high-rise buildings Vol.1 No.3

        Today, a great effort to develop PBSD procedure to be utilized in Korea is given by domestic structural engineers, academics, and governmental organizations. After Great East Japan Earthquake (2011) took place, lots of clients in Korea became to concern of their buildings so that requests of seismic performance evaluation and seismic rehabilitation for existing buildings have been gradually increased. Such interests in seismic events initiated a rapid development of a series of guidelines for seismic performance evaluation and seismic performance enhancement. For new buildings, however, design guidelines for PBSD are yet well prepared in Korea and prescriptive design methods are dominant design procedure still. Herein, seismicity demands used in seismic performance evaluation and some important design parameters in NLRH are introduced. Some project examples for seismic performance evaluation and rehabilitation applying passive energy dissipation devices are also described in the latter part of paper.

      • SCIESCOPUS

        Performance-based seismic analysis and design of code-exceeding tall buildings in Mainland China

        Jiang, Huanjun,Lu, Xilin,Zhu, Jiejiang Techno-Press 2012 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.43 No.4

        Design codes provide the minimum requirements for the design of code-compliant structures to ensure the safety of the life and property. As for code-exceeding buildings, the requirements for design are not sufficient and the approval of such structures is vague. In mainland China in recent years, a large number of code-exceeding tall buildings, whether their heights exceed the limit for the respective structure type or the extent of irregularity is violated, have been constructed. Performance-based seismic design (PBSD) approach has been highly recommended and become necessary to demonstrate the performance of code-exceeding tall buildings at least equivalent to code intent of safety. This paper proposes the general methodologies of performance-based seismic analysis and design of code-exceeding tall buildings in Mainland China. The PBSD approach proposed here includes selection of performance objectives, determination of design philosophy, establishment of design criteria for structural components and systems consistent with the desirable and transparent performance objectives, and seismic performance analysis and evaluation through extensive numerical analysis or further experimental study if necessary. The seismic analysis and design of 101-story Shanghai World Financial Center Tower is introduced as a typical engineering example where the PBSD approach is followed. The example demonstrates that the PBSD approach is an appropriate way to control efficiently the seismic damage on the structure and ensure the predictable and safe performance.

      • SCOPUS

        Seismic fragility analysis of base isolation reinforced concrete structure building considering performance - a case study for Indonesia

        Faiz Sulthan,Matsutaro Seki Techno-Press 2023 Structural monitoring and maintenance Vol.10 No.3

        Indonesia has had seismic codes for earthquake-resistant structures designs since 1970 and has been updated five times to the latest in 2019. In updating the Indonesian seismic codes, seismic hazard maps for design also update, and there are changes to the Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA). Indonesian seismic design uses the concept of building performance levels consisting of Immediate occupancy (IO), Life Safety (LS), and Collapse Prevention (CP). Related to this performance level, cases still found that buildings were damaged more than their performance targets after the earthquake. Based on the above issues, this study aims to analyze the performance of base isolation design on existing target buildings and analyze the seismic fragility for a case study in Indonesia. The target building is a prototype design 8-story medium-rise residential building using the reinforced concrete moment frame structure. Seismic fragility analysis uses Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA) with Nonlinear Time History Analysis (NLTHA) and eleven selected ground motions based on soil classification, magnitude, fault distance, and earthquake source mechanism. The comparison result of IDA shows a trend of significant performance improvement, with the same performance level target and risk category, the base isolation structure can be used at 1.46-3.20 times higher PGA than the fixed base structure. Then the fragility analysis results show that the fixed base structure has a safety margin of 30% and a base isolation structure of 62.5% from the PGA design. This result is useful for assessing existing buildings or considering a new building's performance.

      • KCI등재후보

        선형구조해석을 통한 노후된 학교시설 내진성능평가

        이도형(Do Hyung LEE),김태완(Tae wan Kim),김승래(Seung Re Kim),추유림(Yu rim Chu),김현식(Hyun Sik Kim) 강원대학교 산업기술연구소 2018 産業技術硏究 Vol.38 No.1

        In January 2018, the Ministry of Education published Seismic design criteria for school buildings and Manual for seismic performance evaluation and retrofit of school buildings to evaluate seismic performances through linear analysis. This paper evaluates the seismic performance of an old school building through the linear analysis. The target building was constructed in the late 1970s, and the seismic-force-resisting system was assumed to be a reinforced concrete moment frame with an un-reinforced masonry wall. As a result of the evaluation, the target building does not satisfy the ‘life safety’ level of 1.2 times the design spectrum. The average strength ratio of moment frames, an indicator of the level of seismic performance tends to be controlled by beams. However, through the Pohang earthquake, it was known that the short column effect caused by the partially infilled masonry wall caused shear failure of the columns in school buildings. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the linear analysis so that the column controls the average strength ratio of moment frames.

      • KCI등재

        중층 종합병원 건물의 내진성능평가

        김태완,추유림,김승래,Kim, Taewan,Chu, Yurim,Kim, Seung Rae 한국지진공학회 2017 한국지진공학회논문집 Vol.21 No.5

        The building which are essential for disaster recovery is classified as a special seismic use group. Especially, achievement of seismic performance is very important for the hospital, so the hospital should be able to maintain its function during and right after an earthquake without significant damage on both structural and non-structural elements. Therefore, this study aimed at checking the seismic performance of a hospital building, but which was limited to structural elements. For the goal, a plan with a configuration of general hospitals in Korea was selected and designed by two different seismic-force-resisting systems. In analytical modeling, the shear behavior of the wall was represented by three inelastic properties as well as elastic. Nonlinear dynamic analyses were conducted to evaluate the performance of structural members. The result showed that the performance of shear walls in the hospital buildings was not satisfied regardless of the seismic-force-resisting systems, while the demands on the beams and columns did not exceed the capacities. This is the result of only considering the shear of the wall as the force-controlled action. When the shear of the wall was modeled as inelastic, the walls were yielded in shear, and as the result, the demands for frames were increased. However, the increase did not exceed the capacities of the frames members. Consequently, since the performance of walls is significant to determine the seismic performance of a hospital building, it will be essential to establish a definite method of modeling shear behavior of walls and judging their performance.

      • KCI등재

        Performance-based seismic analysis and design of code-exceeding tall buildings in Mainland China

        Huanjun Jiang,Xilin Lu,Jiejiang Zhu 국제구조공학회 2012 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.43 No.4

        Design codes provide the minimum requirements for the design of code-compliant structures to ensure the safety of the life and property. As for code-exceeding buildings, the requirements for design are not sufficient and the approval of such structures is vague. In mainland China in recent years, a large number of code-exceeding tall buildings, whether their heights exceed the limit for the respective structure type or the extent of irregularity is violated, have been constructed. Performance-based seismic design (PBSD) approach has been highly recommended and become necessary to demonstrate the performance of code-exceeding tall buildings at least equivalent to code intent of safety. This paper proposes the general methodologies of performance-based seismic analysis and design of code-exceeding tall buildings in Mainland China. The PBSD approach proposed here includes selection of performance objectives, determination of design philosophy, establishment of design criteria for structural components and systems consistent with the desirable and transparent performance objectives, and seismic performance analysis and evaluation through extensive numerical analysis or further experimental study if necessary. The seismic analysis and design of 101-story Shanghai World Financial Center Tower is introduced as a typical engineering example where the PBSD approach is followed. The example demonstrates that the PBSD approach is an appropriate way to control efficiently the seismic damage on the structure and ensure the predictable and safe performance.

      • KCI등재

        지진위험도평가 방법을 이용한 내진성능관리 의사결정

        김동주,최지혜,김병화 한국지진공학회 2019 한국지진공학회논문집 Vol.23 No.6

        The strategy for the management of earthquakes is shifting from post recovery to prevention; therefore, seismic performance management requires quantitative predictions of damage and the establishment of strategies for initial responses to earthquakes. Currently, seismic performance evaluation for seismic management in Korea consists of two stages: preliminary evaluation and detailed evaluation. Also, the priority of seismic performance management is determined in accordance with the preliminary evaluation. As a deterministic method, preliminary evaluation quantifies the physical condition and socio-economic importance of a facility by various predetermined indices, and the priority is decided by the relative value of the indices; however, with the deterministic method it is difficult to consider any uncertainty related to the return-year, epicenter, and propagation of seismic energy. Also this method cannot support tasks such as quantitative socio-economic damage and the provision of data for initial responses to earthquakes. Moreover, indirect damage is often greater than direct damage; therefore, a method to quantify damage is needed to enhance accuracy. In this paper, a Seismic Risk Assessment is used to quantify the cost of damage of road facilities in Pohang city and to support decision making.

      • KCI등재

        P-Δ 효과를 고려한 역 V형 철골 가새골조의 내진성능평가: 사례연구

        이철호,김정재 한국지진공학회 2004 한국지진공학회논문집 Vol.8 No.3

        철골 중심가새골조의 경우 접합비용의 절감을 위해 가새가 설치된 스팬을 제외한 기둥들은 통상 중력기둥으로 설계된다. 따라서 중력기둥이 미치는 P-{\Delta} 효과를 내진성능 평가에 적절히 반영할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 철골 중심가새골조의 중력기둥이 유발하는 P-{\Delta} 효과를 가상의 의지기둥(leaning column) 개념에 의해 간편하게 모델링할 수 있는 해석기법을 예시하였다. 역V형 가새골조를 사례로 하여 FEMA 273의 비선형정적해석법에 의한 내진성능평가를 수행하고 동적 P-Δ 증폭계수 적용에 있어서의 문제점을 지적하였다. 본 연구의 결과에 의할 때 P-{\Delta} 효과는 중심가새골조의 내진성능평가에 무시할 수 없는 영향이 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 아울러 기존연구에서 제시된 인장보강재에 의한 역V형 가새골조의 보강법은 내진성능향상에 매우 효과적임을 확인하였다. Most of the columns in centrally braced steel frame buildings are usually designed as the gravity columns to reduce connection cost. For a rational seismic performance evaluation of centrally braced steel frame buildings, it is important to properly incorporate in the analysis??the P-{\Delta} effects arising from the gravity columns. An effective scheme for the P-{\Delta} effects modeling due to the gravity columns was illustrated based on the concept of fictitious leaning column. Seismic performance evaluation of inverted V braced steel frames with or without P-{\Delta} effects modeling was conducted by following the FEMA 273 NSP (Nonlinear Static Procedure). The problem in estimating dynamic P-{\Delta} modification factor (C3) in FEMA 273 was discussed. The results of this study indicated that the P-{\Delta} effects should be included in the seismic performance evaluation of centrally braced steel frames. This study also showed that the inverted V braced frames, retrofitted by applying the tie bars to redistribute the inelastic demand over the height of the building, exhibit significantly improved seismic performance.

      • KCI등재

        3단계 절차를 이용한 비보강 조적조 건물의 내진성능평가

        김태완,민찬기,이희만 한국지진공학회 2011 한국지진공학회논문집 Vol.15 No.3

        본 연구에서는 기존 건물의 내진성능평가 요령의 개선안을 바탕으로 비보강 조적조 건물의 내진성능을 평가하였다. 평가 절차는 예비평가, 1차상세평가, 2차상세평가의 3단계로 구성되어 있으며, 보수적인 평가로 시작하여 점차 상세한 평가를 실시한다. 본 연구의 목적은 이와 같은 단계적 평가의 실효성을 검증하고 평가결과와 조적조 벽량과의 상관관계를 분석하는 것이다. 연구를 위해 10개의 2층 비보강 조적조 건물을 선택한 후 3단계 절차를 이용하여 단계별로 성능평가를 수행하였다. 연구 결과, 예비평가와 1차상세평가간에 성능수준이 절차의 의도와 역행해서 나타났다. 따라서 앞으로 본 연구 결과에서 나타난 각 평가 단계별 문제점을 보완할 필요가 있다. In this study, a seismic performance evaluation of unreinforced masonry buildings was conducted based on a revised draft of the outline of the seismic performance evaluation of existing buildings. The procedure of the performance evaluation is composed of three-steps, which are a preliminary evaluation, a first-level detailed evaluation, and a second-level detailed evaluation, where evaluation is conservatively conducted in the beginning and then more detailed evaluations are gradually conducted. For the study, ten two-story unreinforced masonry buildings were selected and evaluated using the three-step evaluation. The result showed that the performance levels between the preliminary and the first-level detailed evaluations were reversed, which is different from the intent of the procedure. Therefore, in the near future, the problems in each evaluation step that are presented in the results of this study need to be refined.

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