Influence of Process Oil Content on Properties of Silica-SBR Rubber Compounds

( Jung Soo Kim ),( Dong Hyun Kim ) 한국고무학회 2020 엘라스토머 및 콤포지트 Vol.55 No.3

In the wet master batch process, process oil is used to improve the workability of silica-SBR. The process oil expands the polymer and provides lubrication to soften the stiff rubber chain. However, addition of excess process oil can interfere in the crosslinking reaction between rubber molecules and reduce the crosslinking density of silica-SBR. Controlling the amount of process oil is an important aspect for properly controlling the workability and crosslinking density of silica-SBR. In this study, silica-SBR was prepared by adjusting the amount of process oil to confirm its effect on silica- SBR. Vulcanization characteristics of silica-SBR were examined using a moving die rheometer. Dynamic viscoelasticity was measured using a dynamic mechanical thermal analyzer, and the mechanical properties were investigated using the universal testing machine according to ASTM D412. As a result, all silica-SBR compounds with 10 to 40 phr of process oil have effects of improving the processability and the silica dispersibility. Also, the optimum condition was determined when 10 phr of processed oil was added because the abrasion resistance was improved 65% compared to that at 40 phr.

RO 농축수 처리를 위한 SBR 공정 적용에 관한 연구

김일회(Il Whee Kim),주현종(Hyun Jong Joo) 大韓環境工學會 2012 대한환경공학회지 Vol.34 No.2

본 연구는 역삼투공정에서 발생하는 농축수의 생물학적 처리에 관한 것으로, SBR공정의 처리성능 및 부하변동과 온 도변화에 따른 효율을 평가하였다. SBR공정의 cycle당 HRT가 각각 8시간과 12시간으로 2가지 형태로 공정운전이 이루어졌으 며, RO농축수의 낮은 C/N비 때문에 효과적인 탈질을 위해 메탄올을 주입하였다. 유량과 온도의 변화에도 SBR공정의 질소제 거 효율은 비교적 안정적인 것으로 나타났다. SBR공정의 최적 time cycle은 2 cycle/day이지만, 3 cycle/day 조건에서도 방류 수 TN 농도가 수질기준 이하로 나타났다. 평가결과 RO 농축수 처리를 위한 SBR공정의 적용은 효과적이었으며, 폐수처리장 설계에 활용이 가능할 것이다. SNR과 SDNR은 각각 0.043~0.066 kg NH₃-N/kg MLVSS·day와 0.096~0.287 kg NO₃ --N/kg MLVSS·day로 나타났다. 도출된 동역학적인자는 RO농축수 처리에서 포기조와 무산소조 설계에 적용이 가능할 것이다. In this study, Application of sequencing batch reactor (SBR) process for RO retentate treatment was performed. Efficiency of treatment by load and temperature variation was tested. The SBR process was operated two types as HRT per one cycle was 8 and 12 hours, respectively. Methanol was injected for an effective denitrificaion owing to low C/N ratio of the RO retentate. TN removal efficiency of the SBR process was relatively stable at the change of flow-rate and temperature. The optimum time cycle of SBR process was 2 cycle/day for TN removal, and in the case of 3 cycle/day, the effluent TN concentration was found under the effluent quality standard. In the result of assessment, the application of SBR process for RO retentate treatment was effective and could be utilized to design for the wastewater treatment plant. The specific nitrification rate (SNR) and specific denitrification rate (SDNR) were 0.043~0.066 kg NH₃-N/kg MLVSS·day and 0.096-0.287 kg NO₃ --N/kg MLVSS·day, respectively. The derived kinetic could be applied for design to the aerobic and anoxic tank in the RO retentate treatment.

하수의 재이용을 위한 혐기-호기 활성슬러지 및 입상슬러지공정과막여과 공정의 연계처리특성 비교

이형옥 ( Hyeong Ok Lee ),김지연 ( Ji Yeon Kim ),서석환 ( Seok Hwan Seo ),김태우 ( Tae Woo Kim ),현길수 ( Kil Soo Hyun ) 한국수처리학회 2015 한국수처리학회지 Vol.23 No.2

The study was conducted to compare and evaluate the treatment characteristics of anaerobic-aerobic activated sludge process (A2O) with GAC bed (A2O+GAC) and granular sludge sequencing batch reactor (GS-SBR) processes coupled with membrane filtration (MF) process for wastewater reuse. Influent was used real wastewater for A2O+GAC and synthetic wastewater for GS processes. As a result, the GS-SBR+MF system with HRT 4 hr was very effective in reducing particulate matter as well as organic and nutrient removal. Despite influent with high concentration of COD 300 gm/L, the efficiency of GS-SBR+MF system was similar to that of A2O+GAC+MF with HRT 8 hr and the influent of COD <110mg/L. Transmembrane pressure (TMP) of MF process increased in proportion to the increase of filtration velocity of MF, whereas the efficiency of MF on particulate matter removal slightly decreased with the increase of filtration velocity of MFP due to an improper formation of cake layer on membrane surface. Effluent qualities from both system were adequate for water reuse.

퍼지 시스템을 이용한 비선형 질소제거 SBR 공정의 모델링

김동원(Dong-Won Kim),박장현(Jang-Hyun Park),이호식(Ho-Sik Lee),박영환(Young-Whan Park),박귀태(Gwi-Tae Park) 한국지능시스템학회 2004 한국지능시스템학회논문지 Vol.14 No.2

본 논문에서는 비선형 생화학적인 공정의 모델링을 위해 퍼지시스템이 응용된 것을 보인다. SBR 반응조에서 질소제거를 위한 수처리 공정이 제시되었으며, 이 공정의 ORP값을 모델링하고 동정하기 위해 서로 다른 후반부 다항식을 가진 퍼지시스템이 소개되었다. 퍼지모델링 결과를 비교하고 분석하며 또한 제안된 방법에 의해 비선형 공정이 합리적이고 효율적으로 모델링 될 수 있음을 본 논문에서 보인다. This paper shows the application of fuzzy system for a modeling of nonlinear biochemical process. A wastewater treatment process for nitrogen removal in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) is presented and fuzzy systems with different consequent polynomials in the fuzzy rules to model and identify the oxidation reduction potential (ORP) of the process are introduced. The paper compares, analyzes the results of fuzzy modeling, and shows the nonlinear process can be modeled reasonably well by the present scheme.

Statistical analysis and optimization of simultaneous biological nutrients removal process in an intermittently aerated SBR

Amir Mohammad Mansouri,Ali Akbar Zinatizadeh,Mohsen Irandoust,Aazam Akhbari 한국화학공학회 2014 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.31 No.1

Simultaneous removal of carbon and nutrients from a synthetic wastewater in aerobic/anoxic sequence batch reactor (SBR) was investigated. The experiments were conducted based on a central composite design (CCD)and analyzed using response surface methodology (RSM). Two significant independent variables, cycle time and aeration time, were studied to analyze the process. Five dependent parameters--total COD (TCOD) removal, total nitrogen removal,total phosphorus removal, total Kjeldahl nitrogen removal and effluent nitrate concentration--were monitored as the process responses. The region of exploration for the process was taken as the area enclosed by cycle times (2,4.25 and 6.5 h) and aeration times (30, 40 and 50 min/h) boundaries. The maximum COD (87.18%) and TKN (78.94%)removal efficiencies were obtained at the cycle time and aeration time of 6.5 h and 50 min/h, respectively. While the maximum TN (71.15%) and phosphorus (68.91%) removal efficiencies were obtained at cycle time of 6.5 h and aeration time of 40min/h. As a result, high cycle time (6.5 h) and moderate aeration time (40min/h) were found to be the optimal region for maximum carbon and nitrogen removal efficiencies.

선박용 오수처리를 위한 SMSBR에서 ORP가 T-N 제거율에 미치는 영향

정진희 ( Jin-hee Jung ),윤영내 ( Young-nae Yoon ),이슬기 ( Seul-kee Lee ),이승철 ( Seung-chul Lee ),한영립 ( Young-rip Han ),정병길 ( Byung-gil Jung ),최영익 ( Young-ik Choi ) 한국환경기술학회 2015 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.16 No.5

본 연구는 IMO 국제기준 MEPC. 227(64)의 기준을 충족하는 선박용 고도수처리장치에 SBR 및 MBR 복합공정을 적용하여 SBR조의 ORP 변화에 따른 T-N의 제거효율 변화를 연구하는데 그 목적이 있다. 원수는 실험을 위해 제작된 화장실에서 배출된 오수를 이용하였으며, SBR 반응조의 운전조건을 2가지로 나누어 평가하였다. Condition 1에서는 폭기 90분, 침전 30분, 교반 15분 및 침전 15분으로 진행되었으며 Condition 2에서는 폭기 180분 및 교반 60분으로 별도의 침전시간 없이 공정을 진행하였다. Condition 1의 경우 폭기시간 이후 ORP는 침전 및 교반시간이 진행됨에 따라 서서히 감소하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 이를 통해 무산소 조건이 제대로 형성되지 않았다고 판단된다. 또한 Condition 1에서 T-N 제거율은 39.32%로 나타났다. Condition 2의 경우 폭기시간 이후 교반 중 비교적 급감하는 경향을 나타내었고 T-N 제거율은 92.52%로 나타나 ORP의 변화 폭이 큰 Condition 2의 운전조건이 T-N 제거에 더 유리하게 작용하였다고 판단된다. This study has investigated the variations of T-N removal efficiency by ORP change at an advanced shipboard sewage treatment that can satisfy the standards of IMO MEPC. 227(64). Raw water was supplied from the toilet built for this experiment. We have evaluated two operating conditions in SBR process. Condition 1 was operated for 90 mins(aeration), 30 mins(sedimentation), 15 mins(mixing) and 15 mins(sedimentation). Condition 2 was operated for 180 mins(aeration) and 60 mins(sedimentation). In condition 1, ORP showed dropped slowly that means anoxic condition was not formed completely, and T-N removal efficiency was lower(39.32%). On the other hand, condition 2, ORP was relatively dropped rapidly, and T-N removal efficiency was higher(92.32%). Condition 2 is much better removed efficiency for T-N removal than condition 1 because of big variations of OPR, in condition 2.

SBR 형태의 접촉 안정형 공정에서 축산폐수의 용존 유기물 흡착 특성

류홍덕(Lyu Hong Deog),민경국(Min Gyeong Gug),이상일(Lee Sang Il) 大韓環境工學會 2003 대한환경공학회지 Vol.25 No.12

SBR공정 주입조건에 따른 아산화질소 발생량 추적 시뮬레이션

이서준 ( Lee Seojun ),최재영 ( Choi Jaeyoung ),최현수 ( Choi Hyeonsoo ),강다영 ( Kang Dayoung ),이병희 ( Lee Byonghi ),오희경 ( Oh Heekyeong ) 한국물환경학회 2023 공동춘계 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2023 No.0

염분이 함유된 폐수의 생물학적 처리시 염분농도가 오염물질의 제거에 미치는 영향

김상수,문병현,이택순,서규태,공남식 7개 국립대학교 환경연구논문집 공동발행 위원회 2005 공업기술연구 Vol.5 No.-

Effects of salt concentration and C/N ratio on pollutants removal efficiencies were investigated in treatment of seafood wastewater by sequence batch reactor(SBR). The synthetic seafood wastewater containing salinity from 3,000 to 10,000 mg/L NaCI and C/N ratio of 2 and 4 was treated by SBR. Removal efficiencies of COD_(Mn), T-N, and T-P decreased with increasing salt concentration, but eventually reached a pollutants removal a platrau. As systems adapted in salts until salts concentration of 8,000mg/L, the time required to reach the pollutants removal efficiencies at steady state was reduced. However, the removal efficiencies of pollutants sharply decreased and the time require to reach steady state was increased as salt concentration rose to 10,000mg/L, Removal efficiencies of COD_(Mn) were higher for C/N ratio of 4 than for 2. Effects of salt on the nitrogen removal were not faster than the organic removal but the time required to the nitrogen removal at steady state was ncreased. The removal efficiencies of phosphorus also were redueed as salt concentration increased, which inhibited the release of phosphorus than the uptake.

양기능성실란(TESPD)이 실리카 함유 복합 소재에 미치는 영향 Part 2: Styrene-co-Butadiene Rubber (SBR)

전덕규 ( Duk Kyu Jeon ),김광제 ( Kwang Jea Kim ) 한국고무학회 2009 엘라스토머 및 콤포지트 Vol.44 No.3

양기능성실란(TESPD)이 실리카가 함유된 SBR 복합 소재에 첨가되었을 시 그에 따른 가교특성, 가공정도, 물리적 특성들에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. TESPD를 첨가한 SBR 복합 소재는 TESPD가 실리카와 고무를 화학적으로 결합하여 3차원적인 구조를 형성함으로해서 가교밀도가 증가하였고, 이에 따라 기계적 강도가 증가하였다. 이는 또한 TESPD를 첨가하지 않은 소재와 비교했을 시 가공성이 증가하였다. Bifunctional silane (TESPD) is added into silica filled SBR compound and its effects with respect to the vulcanization properties, the processability, and the physical properties are investigated. The addition of the TESPD into silica filled SBR compound increases the degree of crosslinking by formation of a strong 3-dimensional network structure with silica surface via coupling reaction, which results in an improved mechanical property. It also improves the processabilities compared to the Control compound.