Position control for sliding roof systems to reduce vibration

Jeong, Jae-Pil,Lee, Dong-Hee The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2020 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.20 No.1

This paper presents a time-based instantaneous position control scheme for a sliding roof system driven by a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) to reduce the mechanical vibrations of the structure. The proposed algorithm consists of two reference generators. The first generator is used to determine the roof movement pattern and the maximum speed of the motor, which become the inputs of the second generator. The second generator takes these values and gives out an instantaneous rotating speed reference to the motor and an instantaneous roof position reference. The acceleration/deceleration patterns made by the first generator follow the shape of a cosine function to minimize vibration. Furthermore, the instantaneous roof position reference is compared to the actual value obtained with a motor encoder to calculate the position error, which becomes an input for the speed controller of the PMSM. First, a detailed analysis of a sliding roof system and the proposed control method are presented. Then, a PMSM was installed to an actual sliding roof system and experiments were done to verify the proposed method. Both simulation and experiment results show that the sliding roof moves smoothly with less vibration and that the proposed position control produces a more precise result when compared to that of the conventional method.

Effect of Body Position on High-resolution Esophageal Manometry Variables and Final Manometric Diagnosis

( Carlo G Riva ),( Stefano Siboni ),( Davide Ferrari ),( Marco Sozzi ),( Matteo Capuzzo ),( Emanuele Asti ),( Cristina Ogliari ),( Luigi Bonavina ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2020 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.26 No.3

Background/Aims According to the Chicago classification version 3.0, high-resolution manometry (HRM) should be performed in the supine position. However, with the patient in the upright/sitting position, the test could more closely simulate real-life behavior and may be better tolerated. We performed a systematic review of the literature to search whether the manometric variables and the final diagnosis are affected by positional changes. Methods A literature search was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. Studies published in English that compared HRM results in different body positions were included. Moreover, the change in diagnosis of esophageal motility disorders according to the shift of body position was investigated. Results Seventeen studies including 1714 patients and healthy volunteers met the inclusion criteria. Six studies showed a significant increase in lower esophageal sphincter basal pressure in the supine position. Integrated relaxation pressure was significantly higher in the supine position in 10 of 13 studies. Distal contractile index was higher in the supine position in 9 out of 10 studies. One hundred and fifty-one patients (16.4%) out of 922 with normal HRM in the supine position were diagnosed with ineffective esophageal motility (IEM) when the test was performed in the upright position (P < 0.001). Conclusions Performing HRM in the upright position affects some variables and may change the final manometric diagnosis. Further studies to determine the normal values in the sitting position are needed. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2020;26:335-343)

Basic Algorithms of Adaptive Position-path Control Systems for Mobile Units

V. Pshikhopov,M. Medvedev,B. Gurenko,M. Beresnev 제어로봇시스템학회 2015 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.10

Today, mobile objects are finding increasing usage in a wide variety of applications. Robots have been put to use in the air, on the ground and under the sea. Along with this expansion in robot technology, the problem of control and autonomous decision making is an ongoing concern, especially in light of the increasing difficulty of tasks. This study is focused on the algorithms of adaptive control system for mobile objects. The authors examined the application of direct adaptive control with reference to model approaches, in particular the position-path method. Point positioning is discussed, and the authors propose a method for efficiency improvement. Parametric uncertainty and influence of immeasurable disturbances are expected. Basic algorithms for the calculation of controlling forces and moments are synthesized using the position-path control method. The authors propose a structure and algorithms of an adaptive position-path system with a reference model. The synthesis of adaptive regulator and stability analysis of closed-loop system is performed, and an example of regulator synthesis is given. Finally, the authors present simulation results for an autonomous unmanned underwater vehicle equipped with a main engine, nose and hydrodynamic rudders on the tail. Along with this, horizontal and vertical maneuvering devices are presented.

서정주 초기시에 나타나는 감금의 공간 메타포 연구

박선영(Sun-Young Park) 어문연구학회 2008 어문연구 Vol.56 No.-

  This study is for recognizing through Hrushovski"s the frame of reference the extension and renewal of poet. Midang Seo jung Joo"s view with the newly created meaning by considering the spatial metaphor of imprisonment appeared at his earlier time. At that time, the imprisonment space was constructed the metaphor on the level of parallel and horizontal.<BR>  In the chapter 2, it becomes a horizontal metaphor of imprisonment. It give the shape the horizontal block by constructing of metaphor which variously changed into heterogeneous level as shown in his works such as the firmly crystallized Byuck(wall) and Moondungi(Leper). This process in which reveals clearly both the extension and renewal of Poet"s view appreciates to the interaction between uneven frames of reference.<BR>  In the chapter 3, it goes to a parallel of the sinking in water. The actual levels of position in his works such as Bada(Sea) and Muse(Untitled) put side by side with the idealized position(Reing), and through the interacting each other these frames of reference do not make a rise up to the direction towards parallel rather unite the meanings for sinking. Thus the position of imprisonment showing at the his earlier time is blending the horizontal block with the parallel sinking, and constructs a secret room fully covered with darkness. These space changes into idealized position in the real world as well.<BR>  As you see, the position-metaphor of imprisonment appeared at his earlier time characterizes the extention and renewal of his complicated view by creating new poetic meanings several times.

초정밀가공 시 임피던스 측정을 통한 시편 수평맞춤 및 공구의 기준위치 설정

이호철(Ho Cheol Lee),김기대(Gi Dae Kim) Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2011 한국정밀공학회지 Vol.28 No.12

In ultra precision machining, it is necessary to adjust the horizontality and reference position of a workpiece in a noncontact manner. For this, a simple process by measuring impedance between a tool tip and a workpiece which are connected to impedance analyzer is proposed. As the distance between the tool and the workpiece gets closer, the reduction rate of impedance becomes higher over all frequency ranges. By setting threshold value of impedance reduction rate at specific frequencies through preliminary experiments, the distance between the tool and the workpiece can be predicted and it directly enables us to horizontalize the workpiece and to set the tool to the desired reference position.

영구자석 동기전동기의 30,000rpm 고속 센서리스 운전의 모의해석

김학원 忠州大學校 2009 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.44 No.-

Recently, operating speed of adjustable speed motor has a tendency to increase because of the requirement of high system power density. Application of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) has been enlarged by the characteristics of high efficiency. On the other hand, high precision position sensor is required because driving current of PMSM is a function of rotor position. However, the high precision position sensor such as encoder and resolver can not be easily applied to high speed motor by mechanical problem. In this paper, the sensorless operations of PMSM are considered to apply high speed system. An electrical model of PMSM is shown and sensorless methods are compared with model equation. Among them, sensorless operation with Model Reference Adaptive Control Method has been simulated to get 30,000rpm operation and simulation results show the capability of the high speed operation.

Network RTK 항체의 불연속 위치 결정 개선을 위한 기준국 셀간 미지정수 차이 조정 연구

박병운 ( Byung Woon Park ),송준솔 ( June Sol Song ),기창돈 ( Chang Don Kee ) 한국항행학회 2012 韓國航行學會論文誌 Vol.16 No.4

단방향 Network RTK 방식은 최근 높아진 항체의 요구 정확도와 이동성을 동시에 충족할 수 있는 방식으로 고려되고 있다. 항체에 단방향 Network RTK 방식의 보정정보를 적용할 경우, 광역에서의 연속 항법을 위하여 다중 셀 기반의 Network RTK 방식이 필수적이다. 이 경우, 사용자가 셀 간 이동시 보정정보 생성에 사용되는 기준국 조합이 바뀌므로 보정정보의 불연속 값이 발생하는데, RTK 위치 결정을 위한 이중차분으로도 제거되지 않아 수평 13cm, 수직 48cm 수준의 오차가 야기됨을 확인하였다. 이러한 불연속 점을 해소하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 이종 셀 간 동일한 주(Master) 기준국을 사용하는 방안, 복수의 보정정보 수신 모듈을 설치하여 기존 위치를 기준으로 새로운 보정정보를 조정하는 방안, 이종 네트워크 간 미지정수 차이를 조정하는 세 가지 방법을 제시하였다. 세 방법 모두 셀 간 이동으로 인한 불연속 값을 효과적으로 제거되어 측정치의 1/4파장, 3cm 수준으로 위치 오차가 감소함이 확인되었으나, 기준국 셀의 확장성, 사용자 장비 부담 경감 등을 고려할 때 셀 간 미지정수를 조정하는 방식이 가장 바람직하다. One-way Network-RTK(Real Time Kinematics) is considered as a method which can satisfy moving vehicle`s recently-required high accuracy and mobility. When we use one-way Network RTK for vehicle navigation, multiple cells-based system is required to provide the service continuously in wide area. The rover which moves through various cells inevitably experiences a correction discontinuity, which is not eliminated by the DD(Double Difference) method and to cause 13cm(horizontal) and 48cm(vertical) position error. We suggest three solutions to reduce this discontinuity, which are identification of master RS with neighbor networks, duplication of communication module to receive corrections from other cells, and ambiguity adjustment between neighbor cells. All of our suggestions reduce the error to 1/4 wavelength in measurement and 3cm in position-domain, and we suggest the ambiguity adjustment is the best when we consider the extendibility of service area and the cost of rover device.

스페인어 지시 한정사 제한 관계절 연구

서소영(Seo So Young) 한국생성문법학회 2016 생성문법연구 Vol.26 No.3

In Spanish, the relative sentences are the combination of two sentences that share a common noun, that means that one of the sentences gives more information modifies or specifies the noun in common. There are two types of relative clauses: restrictive clauses and nonrestrictive clauses. In concrete, a restrictive relative clause provides information essential to completing the meaning of the antecedent and restricting its scope. But a nonrestrictive relative clause provides additional information, that is not essential to the meaning of the antecedent. It describes a proper noun or a noun that is identified and unique. In Spanish the demonstratives adjectives can be used in these two types of relative clauses. But it is impossible to the proper noun or the possessive adjectives. In this paper, we have examined that, according to Kayne (1994), the relative clauses are actually selected as complements by the definite article. In this point of view, the surface order is derived by movement of the noun to the specifier position of the relative clause. And we have proposed that the demonstrative adjectives in the relative clauses are derived from the Lexicon with the feature Specific Reference.

중국 출간 한국어교재의 화용론적 오류 분석

손세모돌 ( Son Se-mo-dol ) 국제어문학회 ( 구 국제어문학연구회 ) 2009 국제어문 Vol.47 No.-

이 논문의 목적은 중국에서 출간된 한국어 교재들의 화용론적 오류 중 함축과 관련된 오류를 분석하는 것이다. 어떤 언어표현들은 일정한 내용을 고정적으로 함축하기도 하고 대화에서 전달되는 부수적인 의미도 있는데 이런 함축을 고려하지 않으면 의사소통에 지장을 초래할 수 있다. 학습자들은 한국어를 학습하면서 한국사회와 문화를 함께 받아들여 한국에 대한 이해의 바탕을 형성하게 되므로 화용론적, 사회문화적으로 정확한 한국어 사용이 제공되어야 한다. 국외의 학습자들에게 교재는 한국어 학습과 한국사회의 이해를 위한 중심 도구이므로 영향력이 더 크다. 중국에서 출간된 13종 교재의 회화 본문을 대상으로는 호칭과 지칭, 격식체와 비격식체 혼용을 대상으로 고정함축 관련 오류를 살펴보았다. 호칭과 지칭에서는 “아줌마”와 “아가씨”만을 대상으로 하였다. “아줌마”는 한국사회에서 비하의 함축을 가지며 “아가씨”도 상황에 따라 부정적인 함축을 가진다. 중국에서 출간된 4종의 한국어 교재에 “아줌마”가 사용되고, 2종에 “아가씨”가 호칭으로 사용되고 있다. 중국 출간 교재들은 격식체의 합쇼체와 비격식체의 해요체를 혼용하는데, 회화 내용과 대화자들간의 거리가 일치하지 않거나 사회적 관계에서 수용하기 어려운 경우들이 있다. 격식체는 대화자 사이에 거리가 있음을 함축하고 비격식체는 친밀함을 함축하는데 이런 고정함축이 배려되지 않아서 생기는 오류들이다. 손님과 서비스직 직원 사이처럼 사회적 지위에 따라 격식체와 비격식체 사용이 제약되기도 하는데, 이런 점이 고려되지 않아 수용가능성이 낮은 대화들이 제시되기도 한다. 중국 출간 교재에서는 청유형에만 “-읍시다” 형태를 사용하는 경향이 있다. 한국에서는 윗사람에게 비격식체인 “-(으)시지요”나 “-(으)세요”를 사용하기 때문에 윗사람에게 “-읍시다”를 사용하면 적절하게 대우하지 않는다는 함축이 발생하여 무례해진다. 친밀한 사이에서 청유형에만 “-읍시다”를 사용하면 화.청자의 거리감과 내용이 어울리지 않아 어색한 표현이 된다. 대화함축은 정보량과 관련한 것만 대상으로 하였다. 분석한 교재에는 필요 이상의 정보를 제공하여 화자가 의도하지도 않은 대화함축이 발생할 만한 예들도 있다. 이해될 수 있는 상황에서 생략이 자연스러운 낱말을 생략하지 않거나 과도한 정보를 제공함으로써 예기치 않은 부정적 함축이 나타난다. 외국에서 출판된 한국어 교재의 화용론적 오류 분석은 학습자들이 정확한 한국어 사용을 알고, 한국사회를 올바르게 이해하는 데 필요한 교재를 개발하는데 기본적인 현황 분석을 위한 것이다. In this paper we consider the pragmatical mistakes of Korean Textbooks which is published in China. Materials of this paper are dialogues in 13 kinds Korean Textbooks. Something regularly implicates fixed contents, has incidental meanings in dialogues. It probably produces an unexpected result in communication without having no regard consideration for dialogues. Pragmatic mistakes come from neglecting conventional implicature and conversational implicature are the center of our interest in this paper. In this paper, we will analyze three articles: Address and referent name, using of formal type endings and informal type endings, and information quantity. First and second articles are concerned conventional implicature. The third article is concerned conversational implicature. Address and referent name in Korean language is very important because it is a barometer which does a listener the honor due to his position. “아줌마” implicates to humble herself. “아가씨” is alike. So in Korea society two words are restricted by using. But in Korean Textbooks published in China the two words are used as yet. Formal type endings and informal type endings have conventional implicature. It concerns social position, the distance of speaker and listener, speaker`s character. Formal type endings use in formal situations so it implicates more distant between dialogue partners. Informal type endings implicate each other closely. In Korean Textbooks published in China, the two endings are used randomly. So pragmatic mistakes are revealed on dialogues in korean textbooks. In textbooks published in China, there are pragmatic mistakes concerned with propositive form“-읍시다”. They come from neglecting its implicature. Korean people thinks ill of propositive form“-읍시다”. Because it is not enough to persons honorific. It is second level of honorific level. But it often uses in the textbooks published in China. Too much information also makes pragmatic mistakes. Attach a word, expressions are the source of the trouble.

Integrated Evaluation Technology of Landing Signal Officer for Carrier-Based Aircraft

Hui Li 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.11 No.1

To get over a difficulty of relying on experience of traditional Landing Signal Officer evaluation technology, this paper designs a universal integrated evaluation of LSO for carrier-based aircraft. After analyzing “evaluation” difficulty, there are four LSO grade technology should be proposed: effect capability integration of multiple flight states attributes; effect capability integration at multiple reference positions; effect capability quantification and evaluation on the final approach. The model simulation results of flight states attribute evaluation at one reference position, reference positions evaluation of one flight states attribute, flight states attribute evaluation on the final approach and reference position evaluation on the final approach indicate the better performance of the new evaluation method in comparison with the traditional way with more accuracy and practicability.