Characterization of microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes for application in kombucha filtration

Júlia Daneluz,Guilherme Ferreira da Silva,Jocelei Duarte,Tayse Circe Turossi,Venina dos Santos,Camila Baldasso,Ana Carolina Daneluz 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.126 No.-

Membranes are barriers that act as filters, retaining particles and molecules larger than their pore sizeand allowing smaller particles and molecules to permeate. This study aimed to evaluate membranes ofmicrofiltration and ultrafiltration for later application in the filtration of kombuchas. To achieve the proposedobjective, the membranes were compacted and characterized in terms of hydraulic permeabilityand kombucha permeate flux. The hydraulic permeability of the microfiltration membrane was 308.15Lh1m2bar1 and that of the ultrafiltration membrane was 12.05 Lh1m2bar1. For both membranes,the permeate kombucha flux reduced with time for each pressure evaluated individually, dueto fouling.

직접접촉식과 동반기체식 막증류 공정의 투과수 변화에 따른 비교해석

엄수환,Albert S. Kim,이용택 한국막학회 2011 멤브레인 Vol.21 No.3

본 연구에서는 기공의 크기가 0.4mum의 소수성 막인 폴리에틸렌 100가닥으로 모듈을 제작하여 직접접촉식과 동반기체식 막증류 과정에서 막의 양단의 온도차, 공급수의 염분농도, 그리고 냉각수/동반기체의 유량에 대해서 투과수의 플럭스를 측정하였다. 이론적으로는, 동반기체식 막증류는 직접접촉식 막증류 공정의 막의 투과측 표면과 냉각수 사이에 동반 기체층이 추가된 것으로 간주하였다. 이 동반기체층은 새로운 저항층과과 동반기체의 이동중 상변화된 수증기가 손실되는 것이 투과유속을 30% 정도 감소시키게 된다. 물질수지식을 이용하여, 기존의 식과는 다르게 보정계수(ω)를 넣어 직접접촉식 막증류와 동반기체식 막증류의 이론값을 실험값과 비교 분석하였다. In this study, we used prepared a cylindrical module consisting 100 hollow fibers of commercialized (hydrophobic) polyethylene membrane of 0.4mum pore size and systematically studied performance of direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) and sweep gas membrane distillation (SGMD) in terms of variation of permeate flux and salt rejection with respect to temperature drop across the membrane, salt concentrations in feed, and flow rates of cooling water and sweep gas. SGMD was regarded as DCMD with a sweep gas layer between permeate-side membrane surface and cooling water. Sweep gas flow decreases the permeate flux from that of DCMD by providing an additional gas-layer resistance. We compared DCMD and SGMD performance by using mass balance with a fitting parameter (ω), indicating fraction of permeate flow rate.

Construction of the permeate tuner system by the steeple morph of the matter

Kim, Jeong-lae,Lee, Woo-cheol The International Promotion Agency of Culture Tech 2018 International Journal of Advanced Culture Technolo Vol.6 No.3

Permeate alteration technique is compounded the steeple sway-tuner status of the gleam-differential realization level (GDRL) on the permeate realization morph. The realization level condition by the permeate realization morph system is associated with the sway-tuner system. As to search a dot of the dot situation, we are gained of the permeate value with character-dot by the output signal. The concept of realization level is composed the reference of gleam-differential level for alteration signal by the permeate tuner morph. Moreover displaying a steeple alteration of the GDRL of the average in terms of the sway-tuner morph, and permeate dot tuner that was the a permeate value of the far alteration of the $Per-rm-FA-{\alpha}_{AVG}$ with $14.63{\pm}1.23units$, that was the a permeate value of the convenient alteration of the $Per-rm-CO-{\alpha}_{AVG}$ with $8.28{\pm}0.97units$, that was the a permeate value of the flank alteration of the $Per-rm-FL-{\alpha}_{AVG}$ with $3.28{\pm}0.58units$, that was the a permeate value of the vicinage alteration of the $Per-rm-VI-{\alpha}_{AVG}$ with $0.51{\pm}0.10units$. The sway tuner will be to evaluate at the steeple ability of the sway-tuner morph with character-dot by the permeate realization level on the GDRL that is displayed the gleam-differential morph by the realization level system. Sway realization system will be possible to control of a morph by the special signal and to use a permeate data of sway tuner level.

Construction of the permeate tuner system by the steeple morph of the matter

Jeong-lae Kim,Woo-cheol Lee 국제문화기술진흥원 2018 International Journal of Advanced Culture Technolo Vol.6 No.3

Permeate alteration technique is compounded the steeple sway-tuner status of the gleam-differential realization level (GDRL) on the permeate realization morph. The realization level condition by the permeate realization morph system is associated with the sway-tuner system. As to search a dot of the dot situation, we are gained of the permeate value with character-dot by the output signal. The concept of realization level is composed the reference of gleam-differential level for alteration signal by the permeate tuner morph. Moreover displaying a steeple alteration of the GDRL of the average in terms of the sway-tuner morph, and permeate dot tuner that was the a permeate value of the far alteration of the Per-rm-FA-αAVG with 14.63±1.23 units, that was the a permeate value of the convenient alteration of the Per-rm-CO-αAVG with 8.28±0.97 units, that was the a permeate value of the flank alteration of the Per-rm-FL-αAVG with 3.28±0.58 units, that was the a permeate value of the vicinage alteration of the Per-rm-VI-αAVG with 0.51±0.10 units. The sway tuner will be to evaluate at the steeple ability of the sway-tuner morph with character-dot by the permeate realization level on the GDRL that is displayed the gleam-differential morph by the realization level system. Sway realization system will be possible to control of a morph by the special signal and to use a permeate data of sway tuner level.

Construction of the permeate tuner system by the steeple morph of the matter

김정래,이우철 국제문화기술진흥원 2018 International Journal of Advanced Culture Technolo Vol.6 No.3

Permeate alteration technique is compounded the steeple sway-tuner status of the gleam-differential realization level (GDRL) on the permeate realization morph. The realization level condition by the permeate realization morph system is associated with the sway-tuner system. As to search a dot of the dot situation, we are gained of the permeate value with character-dot by the output signal. The concept of realization level is composed the reference of gleam-differential level for alteration signal by the permeate tuner morph. Moreover displaying a steeple alteration of the GDRL of the average in terms of the sway-tuner morph, and permeate dot tuner that was the a permeate value of the far alteration of the Per-rm-FA-αAVG with 14.63±1.23 units, that was the a permeate value of the convenient alteration of the Per-rm-CO-αAVG with 8.28±0.97 units, that was the a permeate value of the flank alteration of the Per-rm-FL-αAVG with 3.28±0.58 units, that was the a permeate value of the vicinage alteration of the Per-rm-VI-αAVG with 0.51±0.10 units. The sway tuner will be to evaluate at the steeple ability of the sway-tuner morph with character-dot by the permeate realization level on the GDRL that is displayed the gleam-differential morph by the realization level system. Sway realization system will be possible to control of a morph by the special signal and to use a permeate data of sway tuner level.

MBR공정에서 투과속도와 수온이 막오염에 미치는 영향

현길수 한국수처리학회 2024 한국수처리학회지 Vol.32 No.2

. Both permeate flux and water temperature are critical factors that influence aerobic membrane bioreactors (MBR), affecting treatment rates and microbial composition. This experiment assessed the membrane fouling characteristics of aerobic MBRs with varying water temperatures (10-25℃) and permeate fluxes (10-80 L/m2.h). In the membrane filtration process, a dead-end stirred cell with a working volume of 400 mL was used as MBR. The mixed liquid used in this experiment was obtained from an anoxic-selector-aerobic MBR system with a hydraulic retention time of 6 h. As a result, the organic removal efficiency exceeded 80% at permeate fluxes of <10 L/m2h and exceeded 85% at water temperatures of >15℃. The efficiencies of NH4-N and NO3-N removal exceeded 65% and 45%, respectively, at permeate fluxes of <10 L/m2h and water temperatures of >15℃. Regardless of the water temperature, organic and nitrogen reductions at 10 L/m2h were 30% higher than those at 50 L/m2.h. For membrane fouling, the transmembrane pressure (TMP) at permeate fluxes of <10 L/m2.h and water temperatures of <10℃ was approximately 30% lower than that at permeate fluxes of >20 L/m2.h and water temperatures of >15℃. Specifically, TMP at a permeate flux of 10 L/m2.h was two times lower than that at a permeate flux of 30 L/m2.h, indicating that TMP development was affected by permeate flux compared to water temperature.

A novel single-pass reverse osmosis configuration for high-purity water production and low energy consumption in seawater desalination

Kim, Jungbin,Hong, Seungkwan Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2018 Desalination Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination is required to produce high-quality water to meet stricter water standards, which could be satisfied with single-pass RO through the advancement of reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. In this study, a novel single-pass RO configuration was proposed to further improve permeate quality. Split partial single-pass (SSP) RO is a design in which the permeate from the rear RO element(s) in a pressure vessel is blended with the RO feed. This blending resulted in the dilution of the feed, leading to the production of high-quality permeate with lower energy demand. Modeling of the RO process demonstrates that SSP RO had the highest energy efficiency when the permeate from the 7th element (i.e., the last one in the single pass RO configuration) was circulated back and mixed with the feed. For typical SWRO operating conditions, SSP RO was effectively able to improve permeate quality. In fact, SSP RO produced an approximately 15% purer permeate compared to conventional single-pass RO. SSP RO was also always more energy-efficient than the two-pass RO configurations. The economic feasibility of the design was assessed further and the possibility of its practical application explored.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A new single-pass RO configuration was proposed for high-purity permeate production. </LI> <LI> SSP RO required low hydraulic pressure and can mitigate fouling due to feed dilution. </LI> <LI> A purer permeate was obtained without the need for second-pass RO. </LI> <LI> The SSP RO was energy-efficient compared to the two-pass RO systems. </LI> <LI> The SSP RO was the most economical RO design that still met TDS standards. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Ultrafiltration of palm oil mill effluent: Effects of operational pressure and stirring speed on performance and membranes fouling

Khairul Faezah Md Yunos,Nurul Ain Mazlan,Mohd Nazli Mohd Naim,Azhari Samsu Baharuddin,Abdul Rahman Hassan 대한환경공학회 2019 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.24 No.2

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is the largest pollutant discharged into the rivers of Malaysia. Thus UF membrane study was conducted to investigate the effect of pressure and stirring speed on performance of POME treatment and fouling of membrane. Two types of membrane polyethersulfone (PES) and regenerated cellulose (RC) with molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) 5 and 10 kDa were used in this study. Results showed that, as pressure increased, fouling increased however permeate quality improved, the best pressure was 1.0 bar, where the fouling was not too high and produce good permeate quality. As stirring speed increased, fouling reduced and permeate quality improved, however, when stirring speed increased from 600 rpm to 800 rpm, there was no significant improvement on the permeate quality. Therefore, the best condition was at 1.0 bar and 600 rpm. PES membrane with MWCO 5 kDa showed the best permeate quality, even fouling slightly higher than RC membrane. The permeate quality obtained were analyzed in term of dissolved solid, turbidity, suspended solid, biological oxygen demand (BOD5) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were 538 mg/L, 1.02 NTU, < 25 mg/L, 27.7 mg/L and 62.8 mg/L, respectively with dominant type of fouling is cake resistance. Thus, it can be concluded water reuse standard was successfully achieved in terms of BOD5 and suspended solid.

공정시스템, 이동현상, 화학공정안정 : 하전된 마이크로 기공에서의 흐름에 따른 다분산 콜로이드 서스펜션의 임계 투과플럭스 거동에 관한 연구

전명석 ( Myung Suk Chun ),김효 ( Hyo Kim ) 한국화학공학회 2003 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.41 No.1

For the crossflow filtration of colloidal suspension with porous media, the fluid permentes through the media, while the particles move toward the media surface. The critical permeate flux is influenced by the back transport associated with Brownian diffusion, lateral migration, shear-induced diffusion, and interaction-enhanced migration. We performed a series of experiments on the effect of interaction between the particles and the micro-pore wall by adopting the partial rejection with conditions of polydisperse Kaolin particles of 0.1-2.6㎛ and average pore size of 0.4㎛. Above pH 3.3, both the particles and the pore wall are negatively charged, and the magnitude of zeta potential increases with increasing pH value. Many previous studies show that the critical permeate flux of the complete rejection notably increases with increasing Zeta potential. An opposite behavior has been obtained in this study of the partial rejection, where the particles can favorably permeate the micropores. This is because that stronger electrostatic repulsion hardly makes the particles permeate as pH increases, resulting in a development of the cake layer close to pore entrance. The rejection data allow us to confirm this phenomenon, meaning that the long-range interaction between the particles and the pore wall essentially affects the critical permeate flux for the partial rejection.

Investigation on the factors determining permeate pH in reverse osmosis membrane processes

Park, Hyung-Gyu,Kwon, Young-Nam Elsevier 2018 Desalination Vol.430 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The dominant factors on determination of permeate pH in the reverse osmosis (RO) membrane process have been systematically investigated to further our understanding of the separation mechanisms of the RO process. The surface of a commercial RO membrane was modified to neutralize the surface charge, and the effect of surface properties including charge on both the pH shift and individual ion removal rate during the filtration was studied. Then, the pH shift of aqueous solution during the filtration was evaluated throughout a broad range of feed pH, from pH3 to 12, with or without carbonate species in the feed water. The permeate pH values were predicted on the basis of the ion rejection of the RO membrane, charge balance of the aqueous solution, and dynamic equilibrium in the dissociation of water. The predicted pH values were then compared with both experimental data acquired in flat sheet filtration tests in a laboratory and pH data obtained from a commercially operating RO plant. The results support the hypothesis that the ion rejection of the RO membrane is one of main factor to determine the degree of shift in pH and the critical pH is influenced by the feed water characteristics.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Commercial RO membrane was neutrally modified to investigate both the permeate pH shift and individual ion removal rate </LI> <LI> Relationships between feed pH and permeate pH have been investigated </LI> <LI> Permeate pH values were simulated on the basis of ion rejection of the RO membrane </LI> <LI> The simulated pH values were compared with the experimental data </LI> <LI> The prediction was evaluated by comparison with the real RO plant pH data </LI> </UL> </P>