국립수목원 전시원 내 인공새집 이용 조류의 둥지재료 특성 연구

심지연(Jiyeon Sim),김윤하(Yunha Kim),이수호(Sooho Lee),장현도(Hyun-Do Jang),김영재(Youngjae Kim),진혜영(Hyeyoung Jin),김현진(Hyunjin Kim) 한국조류학회 2024 한국조류학회지 Vol.31 No.1

본 연구는 국립수목원 전시원 내에 설치한 인공새집을 이용하는 조류의 둥지재료 분석을 목적으로 수행되었다. 연구를 위해 국립수목원의 식물진화속을걷는정원, 관상수원, 약용식물원의 3개 전시원 내에 20개의 인공새집을 설치하였다. 관찰 결과, 수동성 조류인 박새과 박새(둥지 2개), 곤줄박이(둥지 10개)와 솔딱새과 딱새(둥지 1개)와 흰눈썹황금새(둥지 1개)가 사용하였고, 번식에 사용된 인공새집 내 둥지 중 총 14개(2022년 12개, 2023년 2개)를 수거하여 둥지별, 종별, 과별 등으로 재료를 분석하였다. 수거한 둥지는 냉동과 건조 과정을 거친 후 자연재료(이끼, 식물성재료, 동물성재료, 흙, 기타)와 인공재료로 분류하고 각각의 무게를 측정하였다. 건조 후 둥지재료의 무게는 박새과 28.5g, 솔딱새과 44.5g으로 박새과에 비해 솔딱새과가 1.6배 높았고, 이는 통계적으로 유의한 수치였다. 사용 비율은 이끼(44.8%)가 가장 높았고, 토양(25.6%), 식물성재료(21.5%), 기타(5.1%), 동물성재료(3.0%), 그리고 인공재료 순이었다. 모든 둥지에서 사용된 이끼 구성 비율은 박새과가 51.4%이고 솔딱새과가 24.4%로 27.0%의 차이를 보였으며, 이는 통계적으로 유의한 차이였다. 본 사례는 수목원의 전시원 내 수동성 조류의 둥지재료의 특성을 분석한 연구로 산림생물 다양성 증진을 위한 조류 유도 연구에 매우 유용한 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 판단된다. The nest materials of birds that use artificial nest boxes in the gardens of the Korea National Arboretum were investigated. Twenty artificial nest boxes were installed in the three gardens: the Plant Evolution Garden, Ornamental Tree Garden, and Medicinal Plant Garden. A total of 14 (12 in 2022 and 2 in 2023) nests were established in artificial nest boxes for breeding by birds belonging to Paridae (Parus major, Sittiparus varius) and Muscicapidae (Phoenicurus auroreus, Ficedula zanthopygia), and the nest materials were analyzed by nest, species, and family. The gathered nests were frozen, dried, and categorized into natural (moss, plant and animal materials, soil, and other materials) and artificial materials, and then weighed. After drying, the weight of the nests was 28.5 g for Paridae and 44.5 g for Muscicapidae, which was 1.6 times higher for Muscicapidae than for Paridae, and the difference was significant. Moss was the most common component (44.8%) followed by soil (25.6%), plant material (21.5%), other materials (5.1%), animal material (3.0%), and artificial material. The proportion of moss used in all nests was 51.4% and 24.4% in Paridae and Muscicapidae, respectively, with a significant difference of 27.0%. These results reveal the characteristics of nesting materials of secondary cavity nesters in the gardens of the Korea National Arboretum and are a highly relevant contribution to the research project on bird induction to enhance forest biodiversity.

Materials Adaptation for EFL College Students: Comparison between NESTs and NNESTs

Mynhardt, Lisa,김경자 한국ESP학회 2024 ESP REVIEW Vol.6 No.1

Effective learning frequently necessitates the modification and adaptation of teaching materials to better meet the diverse needs of learners. This study examined the reasons native English-speaking teachers (NESTs) and non-native-English-speaking teachers (NNESTs) adapt their English language teaching (ELT) materials. Furthermore, the differences between NESTs and NNESTs and the influence of teaching experience were also explored, as these elements are insufficiently researched in the EFL context. Forty-seven English teachers (28 NESTs and 19 NNESTs) at N University participated in this study. Descriptive statistics, reliability coefficients, and t-tests were performed to analyze the collected data. The results showed that both NESTs and NNESTs adapt their ELT materials for the following reasons: Deficiencies of materials, teacher preferences, student needs, student proficiency, culture, and technology and resources. There was almost no difference in mean scores for each adaptation reason between the two groups, and therefore, no statistically significant differences were found across the six reasons. However, one statistically significant difference was found between less experienced and more experienced teachers regarding technology and resources. The authors discuss the implications based on the study results to support accessible and collaborative ELT environments.

세침흡입검사 검체를 이용한 결핵성 림프절염의 분자검사

정민정 고신대학교의과대학 2008 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.23 No.4

Background : The aim of this report is to show the usefulness of nested TBc PCR of fine needle aspiration specimen with scratching of conventional cytologic slide or fresh aspirated material. Material and Method : Twenty seven cases tested by fine needle aspiration cytology and nested TBc PCR are retrospectively collected for about two years. Their cytologic feature and result of nested Tbc PCR are reviewed and compared according to sampling method for nested TBc PCR. Result : The nested TBc PCR among the granulomatous lesion is positive reaction in 4 cases/5 cases(80%) and 7 cases/8 cases (87%) with scratched material from conventional cytologic glass slide and fresh aspirated material, respectively. Two cases among five cases showing necrotic material without granuloma is diagnosed as tuberculous lymphadenitis. Conclusion : Scratched material from conventional cytologic glass slide seem to be also valuable for nested TBc PCR, although small number of collected case is limited. If sufficient material is unavailable for evaluation of tuberculosis, nested TBc PCR with scratched material from conventional cytologic glass slide may be helpful.

Whitening and Moisturizing Effects of Hydrolyzed Swiftlet Nest Extracts

Yun Jeong Kim,Ye Sol Goh,Waiting Cheung,Yong Sam Kim,Hyunsang Lee 한국피부과학연구원 2021 아시안뷰티화장품학술지 Vol.19 No.4

목적: 본 연구는 hydrolyzed swiftlet nest extracts (HSNE)의 피부 미백 및 보습 효과를 확인하고자 한다. 방법: HSNE의 항산화 효 과를 확인하기 위해 DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성 평가 및 미백 관련 유전자인 tyrosinase (TYR), tyrosinase related protein (TRP) 1, TRP2 및 MITF의 발현을 확인하였다. 또한 melanin 생합성 저해 활성을 확인하여 HSNE의 미백 효과를 확인하였다. 보습 효과를 확인하기 위하여 관련 유전자인 hyaluronan synthase (HAS) 1, 2, 3 및 aquaporin (AQP) 3의 발현을 revers transcription-PCR을 통해 확인하였다. 실험 결과는 평균치와 표준편차로 나타내었고, 결과는 t-test를 사용하여 분석하였다. 결과: HSNE는 DPPH 라 디칼 소거 활성을 증가시켜 항산화 작용을 보였다. 또한 TYR, TRP1, TRP2 및 MITF의 발현을 감소시키고 melanin 생합성을 억제 함으로써 미백효과를 지니는 것을 확인하였다. HAS1, 2, 3 및 AQP3의 발현을 증가시켜 피부 보습 효과를 지니는 것을 확인하였다. 결론: Hydrolyzed swiftlet nest extracts는 피부 미백 및 보습 효과를 갖는 기능성 화장품 원료로 적용 가능하다 Purpose: This research verified the skin whitening and moisturizing effects of hydrolyzed swiftlet nest extracts (HSNE) in vitro using human keratinocytes and melanoma. Methods: To confirm the antioxidant effect of HSNE, DPPH radicalscavenging activity was measured. To find out the whitening effect of HSNE, the genes related to melanogenesis, mRNA expression of tyrosinase (TYR ), tyrosinase related protein (TRP ) 1 , 2 and microphthalmia associated transcription factor (MITF ) were measured. We also measured the melanin contents after treatment of HSNE to confirm the anti-melanogenesis effect. Using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the genes related to moisturizing such as aquaporin (AQP ) 3, hyaluronan synthase (HAS ) 1 , 2 , and 3 were determined. The results of the tests were analyzed with student’s t-test and expressed as mean±standard deviation. Results: DPPH radical scavenging effects of HSNE increased in a concentration dependent manner. The expression of melanogenesis-related genes were inhibited by the treatment of HSNE in a concentration-dependent manner (MITF , TYR , TRP1 , and 2 ). Melanin contents also decreased with the treatment of HSNE. The expression of moisturizing-related genes (HAS1 , 2, 3, and AQP3 ) increased in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusion: It is confirmed that the hydrolyzed swiftlet nest extracts have skin whitening and moisturizing effects and can be used as a functional cosmetic raw material.

Determination of some structural features of the nest paper materials of Dolichovespula Saxonica Fabricius, 1793 (Hymenoptera: Vespinae) in Turkey

Ömer ERTÜRK 한국곤충학회 2017 Entomological Research Vol.47 No.5

The purpose of this paper is to identify the nest materials, some physical characteristics and the elemental composition of the nest of Dolichovespula saxonica (Fabricius, 1793). The nest surfaces were observed with a stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). In the inner surface of the D. saxonica nest the medium thickness of the fibers in the envelope and comb varied between 7.14 and 26.9 μm, respectively and averaged 16.4 μm. In the outer surface of the nest the medium thickness of the fibers in the envelope and comb were between 3.52 and 5.70 μm, respectively and averaged 4.63 μm. The nitrogen concentration of the nest of D. saxonica was 0.616% and the amount of protein was 3.08%. The percentages of the fibers, saliva, oil and the water absorption capacity were calculated as 67–70%, 23–30%, 12–18% and 110–140%, respectively. However, the amount of the element Cadmium (Cd) in the nest was found to have a value of 0.2 ppm. The major compounds of wasp nests are plant fibers, saliva and oil. However, the concentrations and ratios of the nest material compounds depend on the plant variety, place of origin, and time of harvest as well as on the processing and saliva conditions. The colors of the nest are beige, cream and grey with long dark brown lines. As a result of our study, we have found that the rates and quantities of physical characteristics, elemental composition and the fibers in the envelope and comb of the nest of D. saxonica change with environmental conditions.

The first report of an Eastern Great Tit Parus minor nestling’s foot entanglement with human hairs at Hongneung Experimental Forests in Seoul

Eun-Jeong Kim(김은정),Hae-min Seo(서해민),Jeong-Hak Oh(오정학),Chan-Ryul Park(박찬열) 한국조류학회 2020 한국조류학회지 Vol.27 No.2

도시화는 조류의 번식 생활사에 영향을 미치며, 둥지 내 인공 재료의 이용 비율을 높이는 것으로 알려져 있다. 하지만 도심 내 산림성 조류를 대상으로 번식 조류의 머리카락 엉킴 현상에 대해 보고된 바가 없다. 2020년 5월 12일부터 25일까지 서울 홍릉시험림에서 박새 유조의 머리카락 엉킴 현상에 대한 피해 사례를 보고한다. 본 관찰은 인공 둥지재료의 사용으로 인해 발생되는 엉킴 현상에 관한 중요한 정보를 제공한다. Few cases have been recorded of the entanglement effects of anthropogenic materials on the breeding ecology of forest birds, though urbanization affects the breeding status of birds in urban forests. To understand the use of anthropogenic nesting materials, we recorded the breeding performance of the Eastern Great Tit (Parus minor) in installed artificial nest boxes at Hongneung Experimental Forests in Seoul. We observed one nestling damaged by human hairs from 12 to 25 May 2020 and recorded the damage effects of human hairs on the breeding of the Eastern Great Tit in Hongneung Experimental Forests.

Plastic debris as nesting materials of endangered species Black-faced Spoonbill (Platalea minor) in South Korea

Kisup Lee,Yong Chang Jang,Sunwook Hong,Jongmyoung Lee,In Ki Kwon 한국해양환경·에너지학회 2014 한국해양환경·에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.5

Disturbance on marine wildlife is one of the serious negative impacts of marine debris. In this study, the ratio of Black-faced Spoonbills" nests that includes plastic marine debris was surveyed in an islet. The ratio of Black-faced Spoonbills’ nests containing plastic marine debris decreased from 71% in 2011 to 37% in 2011 after natural materials were provided. The total number of nests increased from 28 in 2010 to 38 in 2011. We need to pay more conservation efforts to prevent further negative impacts.

Standardisation of environmental enrichment for laboratory mice and rats

Baumans 한국실험동물학회 2017 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.8

Plastic Marine Debris Used as Nesting Materials of the Endangered Species Black-Faced Spoonbill Platalea minor Decreases by Conservation Activities

Kisup Lee(이기섭),Yong Chang Jang(장용창),Sunwook Hong(홍선욱),Jongmyoung Lee(이종명),In Ki Kwon(권인기) 한국해양환경·에너지학회 2015 한국해양환경·에너지학회지 Vol.18 No.1