시각장애인을 위한 의료서비스 필요측정도구 개발 및 적용

이진용,문남주,박종화,은상준,김현주,김윤 한국시각장애교육&재활학회 2013 시각장애연구 Vol.29 No.2

This study aims to develop the health needs assessment tool for the visually impaired persons and to apply it to assess the health needs of the disabled dwelling in Seoul, Korea. This study used consensus methods to develop health needs assessment tools. First of all, panel was composed. It was consisted of six ophthalmologists who had an experience in medical practice more than 10 years and low vision therapy. One specialist was chosen in the panel to make a draft of health needs assessment tools composed of four main categories: medical intervention and operation, assistive devices, rehabilitation therapy, and regular follow-up. The drafts were reviewed by each of panel members respectively and discussed openly by consensus meetings, letters, and telephone conversations. Each panel member repeated the consensus process until they reached agreement on health needs assessment tools for the visually impaired persons. Using randomized stratified systematic sampling method for adjusting sex, age, and districts, 311 registered persons with disabilities who lived in Seoul were chosen and medical specialists investigated all subjects with the developed tools. The results are as follows;First, the panel developed health needs assessment tool. It was composed of 2 parts: flow charts for understanding tool and assessment standards consisted of 4 main categories. Second, there was a significant level of unmet need in all 4 categories of the medical intervention and operation(unmet need: 54.5%), assistive devices(55.6%), rehabilitation therapy(85.0%), and regular follow-ups(63.9%). In particular, unmet need for rehabilitation therapy was highest. The results showed that medical under-utilization of the persons with visual impairment could aggravate their general health conditions and disabilities. Besides, it was found that the disabled had unmet needs for health care. Therefore, health needs assessment tools would help us to estimate health states of the disabled and to provide appropriate medical services to the disabled. It is meaningful as a quantitative methodology for measuring unmet needs in health care of the disabled. Health needs assessment should be performed regularly to all persons with disability. Health authority should provide appropriate health services with the disabled according to the result of health needs assessment. However, in-depth studies to modify tools, especially to improve the validity and the reliability, are necessary. 장애인 등록 이후 재가 장애인의 의료서비스 필요 및 미충족필요의 규모를 측정하기 위한 도구로서 의학적 처치 및 수술, 보장구, 재활치료, 정기적 추후관리 등 4개 영역이 포함된 시각장애 필요측정도구를 개발하였다. 개발된 필요측정도구를 이용하여 서울지역 일부 장애인을 대상으로 시험 적용해 본 결과 다음과 같은 결론은 얻었다. 조사대상 장애인 중 의학적 처치 및 수술은 36.1%에서 필요하였고 그 중 45.5%만이 적절하였다. 보장구는 29.5%에서 필요하였고 그 중 55.6%가 적절하였다. 재활치료는 32.8%가 필요하였고 적절률은 15.0%에 불과하여 가장 심각한 문제로 나타났다. 정기진료는 100%가 필요했으며 그 중 36.1%만이 적절한 관리가 이루어지고 있었다. 의학적 처치 및 수술, 보장구, 재활치료, 정기진료 중에서 부적절 판정을 하나도 받지 않은 최종 적절성은 18.0%(미충족필요: 82%)에 불과하였고, 대체적으로 적절한 치료를 받지 못하고 있었으며 그 중 저시력 재활치료는 가장 적절률이 낮아 시각장애인 의료서비스 제공에 문제가 있음을 알 수 있었다.

사례관리 대상노인의 미충족 욕구사정

정순둘(Soon dool Chung) 한국노년학회 2003 한국노년학 Vol.23 No.4

The purposes of this research were: (1) to apply the Camberwell Assessment of Need to the Elderly, (2) to identify unmet needs for the elderly, (3) to verify the support systems which provide support to the elderly. The Camberwell Assessment of Need(CAN) is a new instrument which has designed to provide a comprehensive assessment of needs. Elderly people for case management service were interviewed, using Camberwell Assessment Need (CAN), to assess reliability and validity. The study shows that the CAN is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing the needs of elderly people with complex problems. It is easy to administer and a complete assessment took, on average, 25 minutes. Most of needs such as alcohol problem, sexual expression, grandchild care, drugs, occupation, telephone, education, intimate relationship, household skills were not identified as serious unmet needs. The needs which had met or partially met were welfare benefits, information about treatment, food, money, etc.. Needs who receive physical health, transport, psychological distress, money were identified as serious unmet needs. This study needs to be supplemented by further study in order to fully explore the qualities of the instrument. 본 연구의 목적은 기억력 통제 등의 문제로 노인의 욕구를 파악하기 어려운 문제에 대처하기 위해 CAN의 도구를 활용해 노인의 욕구충족도를 파악함은 물론 미충족 욕구까지를 간단하게 파악하여 노인의 욕구사정 도구로서의 활용가능성을 탐색적으로 검토하는데 있다. 연구대상은 사례관리 대상노인이며, 사회복지학과 학생들의 면접에 의해 자료수집이 이루어졌다. 연구분석결과 CAN은 신뢰도와 타당도를 가지고 있는 것으로 분석되었으며, 기억력이 분명하지 않은 노인에게도 사용이 가능한 것으로 입증되었다. 음주문제, 성적관심, 손자녀 양육, 약물복용문제, 취업, 주거마련, 전화, 기초적 교육, 친한 관계, 가정일 돌보기 등에 대한 요구는 심각하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 복지급여해택, 치료나 기관에 대한 정보, 음식 또는 식사, 돈 등은 부분적으로 욕구가 충족된 것으로 나타났다. 대상노인들의 미충족 욕구는 신체적 건강, 교통수단, 정신적 건강 및 정서적 문제, 돈 등으로 나타났다. 도구에 대한 보완 및 추가적인 연구가 요청된다.

장애학생의 전환계획요구 평가에 대한 정서장애 특수학교 교사들의 인식

이익동 ( Ik Dong Lee ) 한국정서·행동장애아교육학회(구 한국정서학습장애아교육학회) 2013 정서ㆍ행동장애연구 Vol.29 No.4

본 연구에서는 장애학생의 성공적인 전환을 위한 기초연구로서 전환계획요구 평가에 대한 정서장애 특수학교 교사들의 인식을 알아보는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 정서장애 특수학교에서 장애학생을 지도하고 있는 특수교사 10명을 대상으로 반구조화 된 심층면담을 실시하였으며, 주요 내용은 다음과 같다: (ㄱ) 전환계획 요구 평가의 필요성, (ㄴ) ITP 작성 시 전환계획요구 평가를 활용하는 방안, (ㄷ)전환계획요구 평가 영역과 교과와의 연계 방안, (ㄹ) 전환계획요구 평가를 활성화하기 위한 방안, (ㅁ) 현장 교사들에게 전환계획요구 평가를 효과적으로 전파하기 위한 방안으로 분류되어 분석되었으며, 연구결과는 다음과 같이 요약될 수 있다. 정서장애 특수학교 교사들은 전환계획요구 평가가 필요하고, ITP 작성 시 다양한 측면에서 적용과 응용이 가능하며, 다양한 교과와의 연계를 통해 교육현장에 긍정적으로 적용될 수 있으며, 다양한 전환계획요구 평가 지원 방안과 전파 방안을 제시하였다. 연구결과를 바탕으로 앞으로의 전환계획요구 평가와 관련된 후속연구 및실제에 대한 논의가 이루어졌다. This research, as a fundamental research in order for a successful transition of student with disability, has the purpose of investigating the perception of the teacher towards the special school for students with emotional disorder on transition planning needs assessment. Ten special education teachers with experiences of teaching a disabled student at the special school for students with emotional disorder were selected hence initiating a semi-structured interview thus; the results are as follows: (a) the need of transition planning needs assessment, (b) a plan of using the transition planning needs assessment while composing an ITP, (c) the liaison domain of transition planning needs assessment and a curriculum, (d) method to support the transition planning needs assessment, (e) analyzed as a method classified to properly diffuse the transition planning needs assessment to teachers thus, the research results are summarized as follows: Teachers of the special school for students with emotional disorder need transition planning needs assessment, possible application and implementation at various point of views while composing ITP, apply positively at an educational site through the liaison of various curriculums, proposed various transition planning needs assessment and diffusion methods. Implications for further research and practice were discussed based on the results.

Needs assessment for faculty development in dental education, at the University of Health Sciences, Lao PDR

Khounyotha Talany,예병일,Lee Sangmi Teresa,이천의,박경혜 한국의학교육학회 2022 Korean journal of medical education Vol.34 No.4

Due to the short history of dental education in Laos, the educational system is still incomplete, with only a few faculty development (FD) programs. This study aims to identify the needs assessment for FD, in Lao dental education. A survey was conducted, with dentists from the Faculty of Dentistry, in 2022. Data on demographics, perceived importance, and ability, on the 13 roles and competencies of teachers, as well as the 26 FD items’ needs assessment were collected. Data were compared between the two groups (lecturers and assistant teachers), and analyzed to identify different needs. Sixty-seven responses were included, after excluding inappropriate ones. Lecturers and assistant teachers expressed their needs for developing a syllabus, and teaching using simulation. Lecturers revealed the need to improve their roles as resource developers, followed by learning facilitators and lecturer in a classroom setting. Assistant teachers reported their prioritized needs for improving their role as on-the-job role models, followed by lecturer in a classroom setting, and mentor, personal adviser, or tutor. Assistant teachers showed higher educational needs scores than lecturers, in most questionnaire items. Although the needs assessment of FD indicates different needs, based on the differing roles and responsibilities, assistant teachers’ needs scores are generally higher. An FD program could prioritize the most common needs of both groups at an early stage, but the topics most needed by each group should also be considered. This study can inform a future FD program, to improve Lao dental education.

Perceived Competency, Frequency, Training Needs in Physical Assessment among Registered Nurses

오희영,이지연,김은경 한국성인간호학회 2012 성인간호학회지 Vol.24 No.6

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify registered nurses learning needs about physical assessment. Specifically, what are the perceived competency, frequency of skill use and the unmet training needs. Methods:The study was an exploratory survey study. The sample was 104 registered nurses. Data were collected through three instruments: The Perceived Competency in Physical Assessment Scale, the Frequency of Physical Assessment Scale, and the Training Needs of Physical Assessment Scale which incorporated 30 core Physical Assessment skills. Descriptive statistics, t-test, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. Results: Auscultation of heart and lung sounds and inspection of the spine were rated by the subjects as physical assessment skills they feel least competent and also were less frequently performed. The most competent area for physical assessment was neurological system. The respiratory and abdominal system was identified as two systems that more education would be needed. Nurses with less than one year of working experience reported needing more training. Nurses with more than five years of clinical work experience performed physical assessment more frequently than nurses with less than five year of work experience. The perceived competency was positively related to the frequency of physical assessment. Conclusion: Continuing education is necessary to further train registered nurses regarding physical assessment skills and the program needs to be focused on the area which nurses are less competent for and have high training need.

사회 프로그램 기획을 위한 모형으로서의 니즈사정(Needs Assessment)에 관한 연구

이석민(Seog-Min Lee) 한국정책분석평가학회 2011 政策分析評價學會報 Vol.21 No.2

This study aims to exploreneeds assessmentas a social program planning models. Needs assessment means a tool for social program models which include needs identification and prioritization, solutions identification and prioritization, and implementation planning. The generic model of the needs assessment is the three -phase model which are composed of preassessment, assessment, and postassessment, and various methods can be used for each step.On the other hand, this article intends to apply needs assessment toservice improvement program planning for public administration education. The result of needs assessment which integrates educators' solutions into students' needs suggests that the expansion of practical education is a viable alternative to service improvement of public administration education. In addition, this article shows that adding the practical curriculum, resource investment, and work experience or internship are needed for solutions to expansion of practical education.

Exploring the Health and Social Needs of Community Residents Using an Online Community Care Platform: Linkage to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health

박명화,Linh Khanh Bui,정미리,최은정,이나영,곽민정,김자현,김진주,정지혜,Ouckyong Shin,나준식,국현정 대한의료정보학회 2022 Healthcare Informatics Research Vol.28 No.3

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the outcomes of the Comprehensive Health and Social Need Assessment (CHSNA)system, which identifies community residents’ health and social needs, and to link these needs with the International Classificationof Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF). Methods: Adult community residents in a metropolitan city in Koreawere recruited. They were asked to assess their health and social needs via the CHSNA system, which was integrated into anonline community-care platform. Three assessment steps (basic health assessment, needs for activities of daily living, andin-depth health assessment) associated with five ICF components were used to evaluate physical health impairment, difficultiesin activities and participation, and environmental problems. The final list of health and social needs was systematicallylinked to the domains and categories of the ICF. Only data from participants who completed all three assessment steps wereincluded. Results: Wide ranges of impairments and difficulties regarding the daily living activities, physical health, and environmentalstatus of the community were recorded from 190 people who completed assessments of their health and socialneeds by the CHSNA system. These participants reported various health and social needs for their community life; commonneeds corresponded to the ICF components of body functions and activities/participation. Conclusions: The ICF may besuitable for determining the health-related problems and needs of the general population. Possible improvements to the presentsystem include providing support for completing all assessment steps and developing an ICF core set for an enhancedunderstanding of health and social needs.

농촌지역 학부모 및 교사의 도농간 교육격차 해소를 위한 교육혁신 요구분석

나승일,박행모,김진구,마상진,정철영,구자억,장호순,문세연,조단비 한국농·산업교육학회 2006 농업교육과 인적자원개발 Vol.38 No.2

The purposes of this research were to identify the needs of rural parents and teachers on education innovation for releasing education gaps between urban and rural areas. Based on the survey of 708 parents of students and 371 teachers in rural areas that are divided according to 4 types, the needs of education innovation were identified. That includes improving education condition for parents and teachers, supporting education of children for parents, supporting rural school teacher, and improving opportunities of community education for parents. The major findings of this study were as follows: (1)The needs of improving education condition for parents is supporting education activities after school, and traffic services. (2)The needs of supporting education of children for parents is increasing opportunities of arts and sports learning, and offering helpers who are facilitating learning. (3)The needs of supporting rural school teacher is increasing allowances for rural school duty and private residences. (4)The needs of improving opportunities of community education is operating village studyrooms and increasing education programs for rural residents. (5)And there is much room for consideration of varying approach in different localities because of different needs. 이 연구의 목적은 농촌지역 유형별로 도농간 교육격차 해소를 위해 농촌지역 주민(학부모) 및 교사의 교육혁신 요구를 파악하는데 있었다. 연구 목적 달성을 위하여 이 연구에서는 농촌지역을 4개 유형으로 구분하고 학부모 708명, 교사 371명에 대한 설문조사를 실시하고, 학부모 및 교사의 농촌학교 교육여건 개선요구, 학부모의 자녀교육 지원요구, 농촌학교 교사의 지원요구 및 학부모의 지역사회 교육기회 개선요구를 지역유형별로 구명하였다. 농촌지역 교육혁신에 대해 밝혀진 주요 요구는 ①농촌지역 학부모 및 교사는 농촌학교 교육여건 개선을 위해서는 방과후 교육활동 기회와 통학편의 및 교통편 제공 등을 우선적으로 원하였다. ②농촌지역 학부모는 자녀교육 지원에서 예체능 교육기회를 제공하고 학습도우미를 지원해 주길 요구하였다. ③농촌학교 교사들은 농촌학교 근무수당을 지급하고 사택을 제공해 주기를 우선적으로 요구하였다. ④학부모의 지역사회 교육기회를 증진시키기 위해서는 마을공부방 운영, 평생학습 프로그램에 대한 요구가 있었다. ⑤한편, 이러한 요구는 구체적인 운영방안이나 우선순위에서 농촌지역유형에 따라 차이가 있으므로 지역별로 다른 접근을 할 필요가 있다.

수행공학 접근을 통한 리더십 요구분석 및 우선순위 결정방안

김도연 한국직업교육학회 2013 職業 敎育 硏究 Vol.32 No.2

The purpose of this study is to utilize the Human Performance Technology Approach as an integrated needs assessment method aimed to develop leadership, and to suggest a measure to determine the priority of the needs by considering context-based factors. The research methods included a literature review and case study. The needs assessment utilizing Human Performance Technology was conducted in the following order: the selection of analysis areas, performance analysis, cause analysis, and the identification of individual and environmental factors. The results of an analysis on the area of ‘new salesperson settlement support’ revealed that performance problems were caused by such individual factors as the lack of coaching skills and belief in the potential for change in people, and such environmental factors as the lack of information provision in the role of leaders and evaluation and incentive systems based on the number of recruits. The needs assessment method utilizing Human Performance Technology was found to have the advantage of surveying various causes of leadership performance problems from macroscopic and integrated viewpoints. In addition, the ‘evaluation criteria of interventions’ including validity, feasibility, and acceptability, as well as the ‘importance of causes’, were suggested as major considerations in determining the priority of the needs. This study proposed that some individual factors resulting from the lack of competency should also be addressed by the developability of the respective competencies. The present study has academic significance in that it provides a comprehensive and context-based priority-determining method by recognizing various factors that should be considered to determine the priority of leadership needs. 본 연구는 리더십 개발을 위한 통합적인 요구분석의 방법으로 ‘수행공학을 활용한 접근 방식’을 활용하고, 상황기반적인 요소를 고려하여 ‘우선순위를 결정하는 방안’을 제안하는 것을 연구의 목적으로 하였다. 연구방법으로는 문헌분석과 사례연구를 실시하였다. 수행공학을 활용한 요구분석은 분석영역 선정, 수행분석, 원인분석, 개인요인과 환경요인의 확인의 순으로 이루어졌다. 영업 관리자의 ‘신입 영업인 정착지원’ 영역에 대한 분석 결과, 코칭 스킬 미흡, 사람의 변화가능성에 대한 신념 부족 등의 개인적 요인과 리더역할에 대한 정보제공 부족, 모집인원만을 기준으로 한 평가 및 포상제도 등의 환경적 요인이 수행문제의 원인으로 복합적으로 작용하고 있는 것으로 드러났다. 수행공학을 활용한 요구분석 방식은 거시적이고 통합적인 시각에서 리더십 수행문제의 다양한 원인을 조망할 수 있는 장점을 지니고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 우선순위 결정을 위한 주요 고려 요소로, ‘원인의 중요도’와 ‘개입기법 평가기준’인 타당성, 경제성, 실행가능성, 수용가능성을 제시하였다. 개인요인 중에서 역량 부족이 원인인 경우에는 해당 역량의 ‘개발가능성’ 또한 고려해야 함을 제안하였다. 본 연구는 우선순위를 결정하기 위해 고려해야 하는 다양한 요소를 도출함으로써, 종합적이고 상황기반적인 우선순위 결정 방법을 제안하였다는 학문적 의의가 있다.

Educational Needs Assessment on School Consultant

진동섭,이재덕,허은정,이승호,김시영,임아란,위은주 한국교육개발원 2008 한국교육 Vol.35 No.3

This study investigates the prior educational needs of the teachers who have the experience as a school consultant or who have taken training courses for school consultants in terms of the thirty-two educational categories. The results of the analysis showed that the top ten categories of the teachers' most required needs for educational program included the categories of common elements, classroom teaching, and school administration. The educational needs for effective school administration were especially higher than any other needs. A further analysis showed that within the category of common elements, education for interpersonal skills were the most needed area. In cases of classroom teaching and school administration, lesson analysis technique and organization analysis technique were the most needed areas, respectively. Moreover, elementary school teachers than secondary school teachers, teachers than (vice) principals, and non-experienced teachers than experienced teachers, required more education for every category. We concluded that there should be a more emphasis on the school administration category in the school consultant educational program, and the courses of the program should focus on practical techniques. Finally, this study suggested that the school consultant educational program curriculum should be differentiated by the teachers' status, school levels, and consulting experiences. This study investigates the prior educational needs of the teachers who have the experience as a school consultant or who have taken training courses for school consultants in terms of the thirty-two educational categories. The results of the analysis showed that the top ten categories of the teachers' most required needs for educational program included the categories of common elements, classroom teaching, and school administration. The educational needs for effective school administration were especially higher than any other needs. A further analysis showed that within the category of common elements, education for interpersonal skills were the most needed area. In cases of classroom teaching and school administration, lesson analysis technique and organization analysis technique were the most needed areas, respectively. Moreover, elementary school teachers than secondary school teachers, teachers than (vice) principals, and non-experienced teachers than experienced teachers, required more education for every category. We concluded that there should be a more emphasis on the school administration category in the school consultant educational program, and the courses of the program should focus on practical techniques. Finally, this study suggested that the school consultant educational program curriculum should be differentiated by the teachers' status, school levels, and consulting experiences.