미래통계청: 국가통계거버넌스의 독립적 위상과 ‘통계기반정책분석’ 기관으로의 재창조

강창익,심광호,이철주 통계청 2022 통계연구 Vol.27 No.1

This study empirically recognizes that the current national statistical governance system in Korea has not prepared to effectively lead evidence-based policies through national statistics as well as administrative data and other information. The implementation of “Statistics-based policy” is proposed as a conceptual model of the Future Statistics Korea for the purpose and management of statistically-based policy outcomes and to respond to the demands of various statistics required by the era of the 4th industrial revolution. Evidence of statistics should be induced by judging and analyzing how various statistical information affects the policy performance of government and public agency. In addition, ‘National Statistics Governance’ needs to be discussed anew in order to improve the performance of the public policy in South Korean government. It is suggested that the “Ministry of National Statistics” and “National Statistics Performance Committee” be established as the National Statistics Authority in the National Statistics Governance of South Korea. For this purpose, we propose the establishment of a “Statistics-Based Policy Performance Analysis Institution”, Statistics-based Performance Management Officer”, and “Statistical Performance Analysis Platform” as various institutional elements. 본 연구는 현재 한국의 국가통계거버넌스 체계가 국가통계는 물론 행정자료 및 데이터 등을 통해 증거기반정책을 효과적으로 이끌도록 마련되어 있지 못하다는 경험적 인식하에 4차 산업혁명 시대가 요구하는 다양한 통계의 수요에 대응하고, 통계를 기반으로 한 정책성과의 지향 및 관리를 위한 미래통계청의 개념적 모델로 “통계기반정책”의 구현을 제안하였다. 또한, 다양한 통계적 정보가 정부 및 공공기관의 정책적 성과에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 판단하고 분석하여, 통계의 증거화를 유도하고, 이를 통해 해당 정책 등의 성과를 개선하도록 ‘국가통계거버넌스(National Statistics Governance)’를 새롭게 논의할 필요가 있으며, 국가통계거버넌스의 국가통계당국(National Statistics Authority)으로서 “(가칭)국가통계부” 및 “(가칭)국가통계성과위원회”의 설치를 건의하며, 이를 위한 제반 제도적 요소로 “통계기반정책성과분석기구”, “통계성과담당관”, “통계성과분석플랫폼”의 구축을 제안한다.

우리나라 통계의 과제와 풀뿌리 지역통계의정착 방안

양영철 한국지방자치학회 2015 韓國地方自治學會報 Vol.27 No.4

Statistics is the practice of collecting and analyzing numerical data of social issues and phenomena. Statistical accuracy affords the reliable information on the successive history of the past, today, and the future. Local statistics, a subdiscipline of statistics, lay the foundation for a wide range of affairs, ranging from social policy decision making of local governments to that of local residents and enterprises. Also, it is the main factor of the quality and the quantity of national statistics data, thus functioning as its ground work. This influential discipline has, however, not yet been able to play its role in Korea due to absolute insufficiency in infrastructure and the satellization of national statistics causing the absence of statistical autonomy. Grassroots local statistics, defining the concepts of EupㆍMyeonㆍ Dong grassroots governance, has shown little or no performance so far. Considering the fact that local statistics cannot exist without grassroots statistics and may exacerbate the current national statistics’ situation, this study aims to examine the activation plan for grassroots local statistics, which is the most important foundation of statistics in the era of Big Data. 통계는 사회적 현상을 수량으로 표현한 것이다. 정확한 통계는 사회현상을 역사와, 현재, 미래까지말을 해 준다. 통계 중에 하나인 지역통계는 지방자치단체의 정책결정에서부터 시작하여 지역의 기업과 지역주민들의 의사결정에 기초를 제공한다. 뿐만 아니라 지역통계는 국가통계의 기초이기 때문에국가통계의 질과 양은 지역통계에 의하여 결정된다. 이렇게 중요한 의미를 지닌 지역통계가 우리나라에서는 인프라의 절대부족, 국가통계로 종속화로 인한 통계자치권의 부재 등 때문에 제 역할을 하지 못하고 있다. 본 연구에서 개념정의하고 있는 읍면동을 포함하는 풀뿌리 지역통계는 미미하여 제 역할을 하지 못하고 있다. 풀뿌리 통계 없이는 지역통계가 존재하지 않고, 따라서 국가통계 기반자체도 허약할 수밖에 없기 때문에 빅 데이터 시대에 가장 기초적인 통계 분야인 풀뿌리 지역통계 활성화 방안이 본 연구의 연구 목적이다.

통계(統計)관련 법제의 개선방향에 관한 소고

김주영(Kim Ju Young) 한국헌법학회 2017 憲法學硏究 Vol.23 No.1

오늘날 통계는 실로 사사로운 일상생활에서부터 국정운영에 이르는 다양한 의사결정 상황에 있어서 가장 기본적인 판단의 기초를 제공하는 분야 가운데 하나이다. 이러한 맥락에서 통계의 품질(品質)은 곧 다양한 층위의 의사결정의 품질을 좌우할 수 있는 중요성을 지닌다고 볼 수 있다. 이에 따라 「통계법」(법률 제14467호)을 위시한 통계관련 법제와 국가통계기구로서의 통계청이 운영되고 있지만, 그 동안 이러한 통계에 대한 법학적인 의미의 부여와 법제도적 측면에서의 발전적 방향의 모색은 상대적으로 부족한 편이라 할 수 있다. 이에 본고는 향후의 본격적인 논의의 기반을 마련한다는 측면에서, 통계에 대한 개괄적인 검토를 바탕으로 통계의 생산ㆍ보급을 위한 체제(통계제도)를 규율하고 있는 현행 통계관련 법제의 개선방향을 특히 규범적 측면에서 검토해 보았다. 검토 결과 정확성ㆍ시의성ㆍ일관성 및 중립성 을 갖춘 통계를 생산ㆍ보급해야 하는 통계제도는 기본적으로 국가통계제도가 중심이 될 수밖에 없겠지만, 민간통계의 존재도 무시해서는 안 될 것이며, 통계제도 역시 입헌주의 및 법치주의의 원리 하에서 운용되어야 함에 따라, 개별 통계제도의 운용에 있어서는 특히 법률유보의 관점에서 「통계법」의 위상에 대한 검토와 함께 현행 통계관련 법령의 전체적인 점검을 수행할 필요성이 있음을 확인하였다. 아울러 특히 장기적인 관점에서 통계제도의 중립성을 확보하기 위해서는 통계기구의 헌법기구화 역시 적극적으로 검토해봄직 하겠기에, 통계제도에 대한 추가적인 연구의 필요성을 확인하였다. Today s statistics are indeed one of the most important fields of science that provide the basis for the judgments in a variety of decision-making situations ranging from personal daily life to national public administration. In this context, the quality of statistics can be regarded as important to influence the quality of decision-making at various levels. As a result, the legal system for statistics such as the 「Statistical Law」(Law No. 14467), and the National Statistical Office as a national statistical agency, have been operating. However, the granting of legal significance to these statistical systems and the research for developmental direction of them has not been made sufficiently so far. In this regard, this paper discusses the normative aspects of the direction for the improvement of the current statistics-related legal system( the statistical system ), which regulates the system for the production and dissemination of statistics on the basis of an overview of statistics and statistical system. The study conclusively confirms that the national statistical system will be the main statistical system to produce and distribute statistics with accuracy, timeliness, consistency, and neutrality , but it should not ignore the existence of private(non-governmental) statistics. Since the statistical system should also be operated under the principle of constitutionality and the rule of law, it will be necessary to review the status of the statistical law and to carry out a comprehensive examination of the current statistics-related laws and regulations. In addition, in order to ensure the neutrality of the statistical system from a long-term perspective, the necessity of further study on the statistical system is confirmed so that we can also examine the revision of the constitutional structure on the institution of statistical systems.

Developing the Quality Assessment Indicators for the National Processing Statistics of Korea

Kim, Soo-Taek,Jeong, Ki-Ho,Kim, Seol-Hee 한국통계학회 2007 Communications for statistical applications and me Vol.14 No.3

The improvement of quality is a continuous process and one of the main objectives of the Statistical Strategy launched by the Korea National Statistical Office (KNSO) is the enhancement of the quality of Korea national statistics. In this paper, we define the processing statistic, classify the Korea national processing statistics, and develop the quality indicators and check list for assessing the national processing statistics of Korea. During its development, the indicators has been discussed with the processing statistic managers of the KNSO and the checklist tested in a pilot study covering a variety of processing statistic areas.

국가특수교육지표체계 체제모형 개발 및 내적 타당화

김지연 한국발달장애학회 2023 발달장애연구 Vol.27 No.3

Demands for national-level policy monitoring and evaluation, with an emphasis on data-driven policy implementation, are growing on both a national and international level. It is essential to assess and create sub-special education indicators as well as a national special education indicator system that is related to national special education policy goals. This study aimed to develop a model of a national special education indicator system for monitoring and implementing special education policy at the national level. Indicators from national and international education, special education, and disability systems, indicator systems, statistics, and surveys were examined after conducting a study of the literature. Based on the findings, a ‘input, process, and output’ system model was constructed, and the model’s sub-domains and indicators were derived. The model was then validated using two Delphi surveys. The model of the National special education indicator system ultimately included nine indicators in three sub-domains, including “human resources for special education,” “environmental support for special education,” and “financial support for special education,” as well as four indicators in two other sub-domains, including “support for teaching and learning and related services,” and “relationships between members,” and six indicators in three sub-domains, including “special education guarantee,” ‘special education performance’, and ‘special education satisfaction’. Recommendations and implications of the findings, and directions for further research were discussed.

개발도상국 통계역량강화를 위한 국제개발협력 현황 및 정책적 시사점

진유강(Youkang Chin) 국제개발협력학회 2011 국제개발협력연구 Vol.3 No.2

Sound national statistical system, is one of the most important infrastructures of a country to produce and disseminate high-quality official statistics and to utilize it in the process of policy-making. The needs of strengthening national statistical system have been highlighted since most countries were committed to achieving the Millennium Development Goals in 2000. Since then, the international statistical and development communities began to initiate global statistical activities of supporting the countries with weak national statistical capacity by establishing PARIS21, Global Trust Fund for Statistical Capacity Building and by adopting Marrakech Action Plan for Statistics. Apart from these major global initiatives, donor countries and regional development banks have conducted a series of technical cooperation projects assisting developing countries to improve their national statistical system, which is relatively new in Korea as one of the emerging donors of OECD DAC. This article explains how the international communities have developed the agenda and expanded the activities for strengthening statistical capacity over the last decade and presents major programs for developing countries. This article also analyzes whether such global efforts have made a difference and suggests the way forward to enhancing statistical capacity building of developing countries.

국부 통계조사자료를 이용한 자산별 경제적 감가상각추정에 대한 연구

조진형(Jin-Hyung Cho),오현승(Hyun-Seung Oh),이세재(Sae-Jae Lee),서정열(Jung-yul Suh) 한국산업경영시스템학회 2007 한국산업경영시스템학회지 Vol.30 No.4

  The purpose of computing economic depreciation value is to find valuation of assets closely in line with market prices. The valuation of industrial assets are called Engineering Valuation. The two representative techniques for such valuation are Hulten-Wykoff Method, which estimates real value using regression equations, and T-factor Method devised at Iowa State University. The two are all empirical methods for computing service life (duration period).<BR>  In this paper, we derived the service life by empirical methods using national wealth statistics, and also by more conventional methods such as original group method and retirement method. The results from each method are compared with one another. We also computed economic service life from these results. In S. Korea where amount of asset value statistics is still insufficient, the most effective method for empirically computing economic service life turns out to be the one using national wealth statistics. In addition, we also present economic relationship between depreciation value computed by using Hulten-Wykoff Method and depreciation value computed by using T-factor Method.

한국인 암 발생 통계 연구의 의사학적 고찰

이국 ( Kook Lee ) 연세대학교 의과대학 의사학과 의학사연구소 2015 연세의사학 Vol.18 No.2

Statistical studies on cancer in Korea were historically reviewed based on the literature available from the Japanese colonial period (1910-1945) until the start of the national cancer registry (1980). A total of 15 papers reported on the cancer incidence statistics of Koreans: four during the Japanese colonial period (1910-1945), only one during the liberation, the Korean War, and the post-war reconstruction period (1945-1958), eight from the establishment of the Korean Cancer Research Association (KCRA) until its reorganization as the Korean Cancer Association (KCA) (1958-1973), and thereafter, two to the start of the national cancer registry (1973-1980). During the Japanese colonial period, Dr. Ludlow, Dr. Choy, and Dr. Lee et al. from the Severance Union Medical College carried out statistical studies on cancer for the purpose of obtaining clues to its causes and of developing preventive measures for Korean people under impoverished conditions. Research activities resumed after the Korean War with the establishment of the KCRA in 1958. The Journal of the KCRA and the Korean Journal of Pathology were founded in 1966 and 1967, respectively. The KCRA was reorganized as the KCA in 1973. During the period of 1925-1939 and the period of 1959-1973, breast cancer and specific infection- related cancers such as gastric, hepatic, and cervix uterine cancer remained the leading primary cancers. But in the period 1959-1973, skin and penile cancers decreased in frequency, whereas colorectal, upper respiratory tract and lung cancers increased. This finding might be associated with changes in the medical environment, for example, an increase in the number of cancer-specific clinics, the usage of CT as a diagnostic tool, and housing and working environments and life- styles as a result of economic development from 1960 to the 1970s. In 1980, the Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare started a nationwide hospital-based cancer registry and published the annual report of the national cancer registry. In 1999, the national cancer registry expanded cancer registration to cover the entire population in collaboration with the population-based regional cancer registry for national cancer incidence statistics. The cancer statistical studies from the university hospitals in Korea provided not only reference data for estimating cancer incidence among Koreans but also useful data for comprehending the etiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of cancer. They also made a valuable contribution to the start and establishment of the national cancer registry.

Breast reconstruction statistics in Korea from the Big Data Hub of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service

Jae-Won Kim,Jun Ho Lee,Tae-Gon Kim,김용하,Kyu Jin Chung 대한성형외과학회 2018 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.45 No.5

Background Previously, surveys have been used to investigate breast reconstruction statistics. Since 2015, breast reconstruction surgery after mastectomy has been covered by the National Health Insurance Service in Korea, and data from breast reconstruction patients are now available from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA). We investigated statistics in breast reconstruction in Korea through statistics provided by the HIRA Big Data Hub. Methods We investigated the number of cases in mastectomy and breast reconstruction methods from April 1, 2015 to December 31, 2016. Data were furnished by the HIRA Big Data Hub and accessed remotely online. Results were tabulated using SAS Enterprise version 6.1. Results The 31,155 mastectomy cases included 7,088 breast reconstruction cases. Implantbased methods were used in 4,702 cases, and autologous methods in 2,386. The implantbased reconstructions included 1,896 direct-to-implant and 2,806 tissue-expander (2-stage) breast reconstructions. The 2-stage tissue-expander reconstructions included 1,624 expander insertions (first stage) and 1,182 expander-to-permanent-implant exchanges (second stage). Of the autologous breast reconstructions, 705 involved latissimus dorsi muscle flaps, 498 involved pedicled transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flaps, and 1,183 involved free-tissue transfer TRAM flaps, including deep inferior epigastric perforator free-tissue transfer flaps. There were 1,707 nipple-areolar complex reconstructions, including 1,565 nipple reconstructions and 142 areola reconstructions. The 1-year mean number of breast reconstructions was 4,050. Conclusions This was the first attempt to evaluate the total number of breast reconstruction procedures using accurate, comprehensive data, and our findings may prove valuable as a foundation for future statistical studies of breast reconstruction procedures in Korea.

역사통계 : 한국의 역사통계

김낙년 ( Nak Nyeon Kim ) 경제사학회 2011 經濟史學 Vol.50 No.-

한국은 구래의 전통사회가 개항(1876년)을 거쳐 식민지 지배체제(1910-1945년)를 겪었고, 해방 후는 남북으로 분단되어 오늘에 이르고 있다. 각 시기는 통계작성체제가 달라 자료의 단절이 있으며, 거기에 분단으로 인해 해방 이전과 이후 통계대상 지역이 일치하지 않는 문제가 가중되고 있다. 한국에서 통계가 국제기준에 맞추어 정비되기 시작한 것은 분야에 따라 차이가 있지만, 대체로 1950-1960년대 이후의 일이다. 이러한 자료 상황에서 각 시기의 역사통계를 정비하고 이를 현행 통계와 가능한 한 일관되게 연결하려는 시도들이 최근 진전되고 있다. 이 글은 인구, 국민계정, 무역, 물가 통계에 초점을 맞추어 지난 1세기에 걸친 장기통계가 어떻게 추계되었고, 어떤 사실이 새롭게 밝혀졌는지, 그리고 어떤 과제가 남아 있는지에 관해 살펴보았다. Traditional Korea was forced to be open to international trade in 1876, and annexed by Japan in 1910. Thirty five years later, Korea regained independence, but was split into two separate regimes, South and North. In each period, a different system of compiling statistics was in use, and this makes it difficult to get a consistent annual series of figures over the periods. Division of territory caused another difficulty in that the coverage of the statistics changed and was confined to South Korea after independence. South Korea started to compile statistics based on international standards only after the 1950`s or 1960`s, depending on the area of statistics. Under these circumstances, several attempts have been made to compile statistical data from each period and have it link with current series as consistently as possible. This paper surveys such studies, focusing on statistics such as population, per capita GDP, trade index, and consumer price index, to clarify how such century-long series of statistics were estimated, what new findings were gleaned from them, and what can be done to improve long term series of statistics.