Mycoplasma가 오염된 배양 각막상피 세포의 FAS 유도 세포고사의 민감성

김재민 한국안광학회 2007 한국안광학회지 Vol.12 No.2

The aim of the present study was to determine mechanisms of corneal epithelial cell apoptosis in vitro following exposure to anti-FAS and anti-FAS ligand antibody and during infection with mycoplasma sp.. A cultured human corneal epithelial(HCE) cell line was treated with anti- FAS antibody or anti- FAS ligand antibody for 2 and 4 days. The original cell line was found to be contaminated by mycoplasma removal agent(MRA) was used to eliminate the bacterium from the cell line. MRA(0.5㎕ tissue culture medium) was added to the cell line and incubated for 1 week. The cell line underwent multiple passages in media not contaminating MRA and cells were grown to 50-80% confluency on coverslips and stained using the Hoechst stain provided in the kit to ensure mycoplasma removal. Apoptosis experiments were performed before and after mycoplasma removal. The apoptotic index of anti-FAS and anti-FAS ligand antibody on mycoplasma contaminated cell line was studied using Hoechst 33342 staining and Annexin V-FITC and Propidium Iodide Staining. In conclusion, anti-FAS antibody induces apoptosis in HCE cells in a time and concentration- dependent mechanism. Cell lines contaminated with mycoplasma have an incresed susceptibility to FAS induced apoptosis. 본 연구는 mycoplasma가 오염된 배양 각막 상피세포에 anti-FAS and anti-FAS ligand antibody를 노출시킨 후 세포고사 메커니즘을 조사하기 위해 시행하였다. 배양각막 상피세포에 anti- FAS antibody와 anti- FAS ligand antibody를 2 일과 4 일 동안 처리하여 주어진 기간 동안 배양하였다. 배양 중인 각막상피세포가 mycoplasma sp.에 의해 오염된 것이 밝혀졌다. mycoplasma removal agent(MRA)가 세포주로부터 세균을 제거하기 위해 이용되었다. MRA를 세포주에 첨가하여 1주일 동안 배양하였다. 그 후 각막상피 세포주는 MRA가 포함되지 않는 배양액에서 수세대 동안 배양되어 커버글라스에 계대배양하여 50-80% 채워졌을 때 MRA 제거여부를 확인하기 위한 검사 키트에 제공된 Hoechst staining을 이용하여 염색하였다. 세포고사 실험은 MRA 제거 전과 제거 후에 시행되었다. mycoplasma가 오염된 배양 각막상피세포에 대한 anti-FAS and anti-FAS ligand antibody의 영향을 알아보기 위해 Hoechst 33342 staining과 Annexin V-FITC and Propidium Iodide Staining을 이용하여 세포고사 유도를 확인하였다. 본 연구는 anti-FAS antibody가 배양각막 상피세포에서 시간과 농도에 비례하는 메커니즘으로 세포고사를 유도한다. mycoplasma가 오염된 세포주는 FAS 유도 세포고사의 민감성을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다.

제주 지역 소아에서 폐렴미코플라스마(Mycoplasma pneumoniae) IgM 항체의 혈청빈도

이규택,김우진,김동렬,김재향,정무상 대한진단검사의학회 2014 Laboratory Medicine Online Vol.4 No.3

Background: Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is a major cause of community-acquired pneumonia in children. The particle agglutination (PA) assay is a clinical test routinely used to detect MP infection and to determine total MP antibody titers. Using this assay, however, it is difficult to differentiate between IgM and IgG antibodies. The aim of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of MP IgM antibodies in children living in Jeju Island. Methods: We investigated the seroprevalence of mycoplasma IgM antibodies in 1,693 patients in the age of 0-10 yr who were ordered for mycoplasma IgM antibody testing in Cheju Halla Hospital between April 2011 and March 2013. Results were classified according to age, sex and the month and year during which the samples were obtained. Results: The overall positive rate for mycoplasma IgM antibody was 24.7% and was higher in females than in males (P=0.012). The positive rate was lowest in infants under 6 months of age, and gradually rose with increasing age until the age of 4 yr. A major increase in positive rates was observed between January-April of 2012 and minor cyclical increases were also observed at 2-4 month intervals during the study period. Conclusions: The seroprevalence of mycoplasma IgM antibodies rises gradually with age until the age of 4 yr. A major peak in MP IgM antibody-positive cases was observed in early 2012, with minor cyclical increases at every 2-4 months. These results will be helpful in the interpretation and diagnosis of MP in children living in Jeju Island. 배경: 폐렴미코플라스마는 소아에서 호흡기 감염의 주요한 원인 중 하나이며 폐렴미코플라스마에 의한 감염의 진단으로 항체가가 주로 이용되나 IgG와 IgM을 구분하지 못해 과거 감염과 현증을 구분하지 못하는 단점이 있다. 최근 감염을 의미하는 IgM 항체 검사를 통하여 제주 지역 소아에서의 IgM 항체의 혈청빈도에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 2011년 4월부터 2013년 3월까지 제주한라병원 진단검사의학과에 폐렴미코플라스마 IgM 항체 검사가 의뢰된 10세 이하의 소아 1,693명을 대상으로 후향적으로 조사하였으며 소아의 연령별, 성별 및 월별에 따른 IgM 항체 양성률의 빈도를 조사하였다. 결과: 폐렴미코플라스마 IgM 항체가 양성을 보인 소아는 1,693명 중에서 419명(24.7%)이었으며 여아에서 남아보다 높은 IgM 항체 양성률을 보였다. 폐렴미코플라스마 IgM 항체 양성률은 6개월 이하의 연령에서 가장 낮은 양성률을 보였으며 7개월 이상의 연령대에서 4세까지 점진적으로 증가하였다. 2012년 1월부터 4월까지 IgM 항체 양성률의 대변이와 2-4개월 간격으로 IgM 항체 양성률의 소변이를 보였다. 결론: 폐렴미코플라스마 IgM 항체가의 빈도는 6개월 이하의 소아에서 가장 낮았으며 7개월 이상에서 4세까지 양성률이 지속적인 상승을 보였으며 여아에서 남아보다 양성률이 높았다. 양성률이 크게 증가되는 대변이와 2-4개월 간격으로 증감을 반복하는 소변이를 소변이를 보였다. IgM 혈청빈도는 제주도에 사는 소아에서 폐렴미코플라스마에 의한 감염의 진단과 IgM 결과의 해석에 도움이 될 것이다.

Brachial Artery Thrombosis in an 8-year-old Boy with Antiphospholipid Antibodies Induced by Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection: a Case Report

( Jung Hee Woo ),( Jung Hyun Kwon ),( Bo-kyung Je ),( Jae Seoung Shin ),( Won Hee Seo ),( Gi Young Jang ) 대한소아감염학회 2019 Pediatric Infection and Vaccine Vol.26 No.1

항인지질항체는 자가면역 질환에서 발생할 수 있고, 때로는 마이코플라즈마와 같은 감염 후에도 발생할 수 있다. 그러나 마이코플라즈마 폐렴 후 항인지질항체의 발현과 혈전의 발생은 매우 드물게 보고되어왔다. 본 8세 환아는 마이코플라즈마 폐렴 입원 치료 중 손가락의 변색 및 감각 저하가 발생하였고 혈액검사 결과 항인지질항체 양성으로 확인되었다. 이로 인해 상완동맥 혈전증이 발생하여 혈전제거술을 시행하여 제거하였다. 양성이었던 항인지질항체는 5개월 내 다시 정상화되었다. 마이코플라즈마 폐렴의 합병증은 피부 병변을 포함하여 체내 많은 장기에 다양한 증상을 보이지만, 그 중 항인지질항체의 발현으로 인한 혈전의 발생은 치명적이므로, 마이코플라즈마 폐렴의 치료에 있어 고려해야 할 합병증의 사례를 보고한다. Antiphospholipid antibodies may be produced in cases involving autoimmune diseases and can sometimes be caused by infections, such as Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. However, antiphospholipid antibodies causing thrombosis associated with M. pneumoniae pneumonia in children have rarely been reported. We report a case of an 8-year-old boy with M. pneumoniae pneumonia with antiphospholipid antibodies, complicated by brachial artery thrombosis. He was found to have antiphospholipid antibodies and low protein S levels. The brachial artery thrombus was removed via thrombectomy. The titers of antiphospholipid antibodies turned normal within 5 months. This is a rare case of M. pneumoniae infection with brachial artery thrombosis associated with transient antiphospholipid antibodies.

Brachial Artery Thrombosis in an 8-year-old Boy with Antiphospholipid Antibodies Induced by Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection: a Case Report

Woo, Jung Hee,Kwon, Jung Hyun,Je, Bo-Kyung,Shin, Jae Seoung,Seo, Won Hee,Jang, Gi Young The Korean Society of Pediatric Infectious Disease 2019 Pediatric Infection and Vaccine Vol.26 No.1

Antiphospholipid antibodies may be produced in cases involving autoimmune diseases and can sometimes be caused by infections, such as Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. However, antiphospholipid antibodies causing thrombosis associated with M. pneumoniae pneumonia in children have rarely been reported. We report a case of an 8-year-old boy with M. pneumoniae pneumonia with antiphospholipid antibodies, complicated by brachial artery thrombosis. He was found to have antiphospholipid antibodies and low protein S levels. The brachial artery thrombus was removed via thrombectomy. The titers of antiphospholipid antibodies turned normal within 5 months. This is a rare case of M. pneumoniae infection with brachial artery thrombosis associated with transient antiphospholipid antibodies.

Brachial Artery Thrombosis in an 8-year-old Boy with Antiphospholipid Antibodies Induced by Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection: a Case Report

우정희,권정현,제보경,신재승,서원희,장기영 대한소아감염학회 2019 Pediatric Infection and Vaccine Vol.26 No.1

Antiphospholipid antibodies may be produced in cases involving autoimmune diseases and can sometimes be caused by infections, such as Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. However, antiphospholipid antibodies causing thrombosis associated with M. pneumoniae pneumonia in children have rarely been reported. We report a case of an 8-year-old boy with M. pneumoniae pneumonia with antiphospholipid antibodies, complicated by brachial artery thrombosis. He was found to have antiphospholipid antibodies and low protein S levels. The brachial artery thrombus was removed via thrombectomy. The titers of antiphospholipid antibodies turned normal within 5 months. This is a rare case of M. pneumoniae infection with brachial artery thrombosis associated with transient antiphospholipid antibodies.

제주 지역의 소아청소년에서 Mycoplasma pneumoniae 항체가의 빈도

이규택,김우진,김동렬,김재향,정무상 대한임상미생물학회 2012 Annals of clinical microbiology Vol.15 No.1

Background: Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is a major cause of community-acquired pneumonia in children. Currently, no study exists regarding the frequency of the mycoplasmal antibody on Jeju Island. The aim of the present study was to investigate the frequency of mycoplasmal antibody among children living on Jeju Island. Methods: From March 2009 to February 2011, the frequency of mycoplasmal antibody among 1580 pediatric (<10 years old) patients who were tested for the mycoplasmal antibody titer in Cheju Halla Hospital were retrospectively investigated. The authors also analyzed the positive rates according to age, sex, and season. Results: The frequency of mycoplasmal antibody titers were 69.4% for an antibody titer >1:40, 20.8% in an antibody titer >1:320, and 10.7% in an antibody titer >1:640. The positive rates of each antibody titer were lowest in children under the age of 6 months, and the positive rates increased gradually with age until 4 years, where the frequency showed a “plateau.” There were minor cyclic increases of positive rate (>1:320, >1:640) every three months from August 2009 to June 2010, and there was a major increase of positive rate (>1:320, >1:640) from July 2010 to January 2011. However, there was no positive rate cyclic pattern of mycoplasmal antibody in the lower titer (>1:40) patients. Conclusion: The frequency of mycoplasmal antibody titer is lowest under the age of 6 months. The positive rates rise gradually with age until the age of 4years. The present study showed minor peaks of mycoplasmal antibody titer every three months and a major peak of mycoplasmal antibody titer. The results can be helpful for the interpretation and diagnosis of MP among pediatric patients on Jeju Island.

국내소아에서 발생한 마이코플라스마 폐렴 메타분석

김진우,서현경,유은경,박성진,윤소화,한만용,정혜영 대한소아청소년과학회 2009 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.52 No.3

Purpose : This study aimed to perform a systematic review of the reports on Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in the last 30 years (1980-2006) to investigate the intervals between outbreaks, change in the peak incidence age, and diagnostic methods. We also aimed to validate the proper diagnostic criteria for M. pneumoniae pneumonia. Methods : We reviewed 62 original articles on M. pneumoniae pneumonia in Korean children. We analyzed the annual or seasonal variation, study areas, patient age, journal names, and the date of each report. Further, we checked the methods and criteria used for the diagnosis of M. pneumoniae pneumonia. We also confirmed the proper mycoplasma antibody cutoff using the mycoplasma IgM titer as the gold standard. Results : In the last 30 years, epidemic outbreaks of M. pneumoniae pneumonia occurred every 3 years, except in 1993- 1994 and 1996-1997. Seasonal variations were also present and were most prevalent in October and November. The number of preschool children, especially those aged 3 years or younger, with M. pneumoniae pneumonia has increased (P<0.05). The mycoplasma antibody titer of 1:640 or greater was appropriate for diagnosing M. pneumoniae pneumonia, with an acceptable sensitivity and specificity of detection. Conclusion : We analyzed the results of studies on M. pneumoniae pneumonia in Korean children during the last 30 years. Infection in younger children is increasing, and further research is required to reveal the major cause of the changing epidemics. 목 적 : 소아에서 발생한 마이코플라스마 폐렴에 대한 지난 30년동안의 국내 보고들을 분석하여 유행 시기, 호발 연령, 진단 방법과 기준의 변화를 알아보고자 한다. 방 법 : 국내에서 발간되는 학회지를 검색하여 찾은 총 261편 중, 본 연구 목적과 맞는 62편 11,388명을 분석하였다. 각 문헌의 발표 년도, 발표 잡지, 연구 기간, 연구 대상군의 나이, 연구 지역, 마이코플라스마 폐렴의 진단 방법과 검사기준을 확인하였다. 마이코플라스마 IgM을 절대적인 기준으로 하였을 때 적절한 마이코플라스마 항체가 기준치를 확인하고자 하였다. 결 과 : 국내에서 지난 30여 년 동안 마이코플라스마 폐렴은 3년 간격으로 유행하였으며, 1년 중 10월과 11월에 가장 많은 환자가 발생하였다. 3세 이하의 환자가 차지하는 비율이 점차 높아지고(P<0.01), 6세 이하 학동기 이전의 소아가 차지하는 비율도 증가하고 있었다. 마이코플라스마 감염의 기준으로 마이코플라스마 항체가를 1:640 이상을 선택하는 것이 적절하였다. 결 론 : 지난 30여 년 동안 유행한 마이코플라스마의 보고를 분석하였다. 앞으로 확진을 통한 진단기준 확립과 호발시기의 변화, 3-4년 주기 원인에 대한 연구가 필요하다.

Mycoplasma Pneumoniae 폐렴 환아에서의 Polymerase Chain Reaction 법과 혈청학적 검사법의 상관성에 관한 연구

정용헌,임혜경 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1997 충남의대잡지 Vol.24 No.2

A study was done on 58 cases of children with pneumonia, admitted to the pediatric department of Chungnam National University Hospital during the period of 9 months from Feb. to Sept. 1997, in age between 2 years and 12 years, to confirm the correlation between mycoplasma antibody, cold agglutinin and PCR test. The results were as followings. 1. The total numbers of PCR positive to mycoplasma pneumoniae were 30 cases and those of PCR negative 28 cases. 2. In PCR positive group, distribution of cold agglutinin values over 1:64 and below 1:32 showed 56.7% and 43.4% in early stage, those values 94.5% and 5.6% respectively in later stage. Distribution of mycoplasma antibody over 1:160 shoved 60% and below 1:80 40% in early stage, 1005 and 0% in later stage. 3. In PCR negative group, cold agglutinin values showed wide ranges of 1:2 to over 1:64, mycoplasma antibody showed mostly below 1:40. 4. In PCR positive group, mycopasma antibody values were correlated with cold agglutinin value in later stage It's concluded that PCR test in highly correlated with mycoplasma antibody test.

Mycoplasma Pneumoniae 감염 후 IgM 항‐갈락토세레브로시드 항체를 동반한 길랭‐바레 증후군

허소영,김종국,문지수,유봉구 대한임상신경생리학회 2011 Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology Vol.13 No.1

The Guillain-Barre Sydrome (GBS) is post-infectious autoimmune disease and it could be caused by auto-antibodies produced after infections. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is one of rare cause of GBS and known to be associated with antibody to galactocerebroside (GalC) which is a major neutral glycolipid constituent of myelin. We report a case of GBS with immunoglobulin M GalC antibody after M. pneumoniae infection.

Anti-GQ1b 항체 양성을 보인 Mycoplasma pneumoniae 감염에 의한 Miller-Fisher 증후군 1례

최희원(Heewon Chueh),권은영(Eun Young Kwon),신해영(Hye Young Shin),황규근(Kyu Geun Hwang) 대한소아신경학회 2007 대한소아신경학회지 Vol.15 No.2

저자들은 전형적인 외안근 마비와 운동실조, 심부건반사 소실 증상을 보이고 항 GQ1b 항체가 양성으로 측정되면서 선행 감염원으로 Mycoplasma pneumoniae 항체가가 양성으로 증명된 8세 남아의 Miller-Fisher 증후군 1례를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. Miller Fisher syndrome, first reported by Miller Fisher in 1956, is characterized by a triad of external ophthalmoplegia, areflexia, and ataxia. Many features shared with Guillain-Barré syndrome; CSF usually shows elevated proteins and the syndrome is often is preceded by an infectious disorder. It is believed that the level of anti-GQ1b IgG antibody is elevated during an acute phase, increases and decreases rapidly during clinical recovery, that the level of anti-GQ1b IgG can be used as a diagnostic tool for Miller Fisher syndrome during an acute phase. We report an 8 year-old boy who showed typical clinical manifestations of Miller Fisher syndrome, with respiratory tract illness, associated with the seroconversion of Mycoplasma pneumoniae titers during the development of neurological symptom, with positive anti-GQ1b IgG.