여가시간, 얼마나 움직이십니까? : 여가시간에 이루어지는 성인의 신체활동 수준 분석

차승은 여가문화학회 2017 여가학연구 Vol.15 No.1

The purpose of this study is to examine the most-frequently reported leisure activities by appling activity intensity of Metabolic Equivalent Task (MET) measure. Also this study attempts to investigate the social characteristics of adults who actually practice moderate or vigorous activities in daily lives. From the original sample of 2014 KTUS, this study employed 44,111 diarists, age range of 20-79. We have excluded those who were students and had an illness episodes on diary day. Results show that, on any given day, Korean adults report to perform sedentary and light activities predominantly. Only about 40% of respondents report practice moderate activities as daily routine; the greatest prevalence for reported moderate activities was walking or strolling. Overall average of 4.9% of respondents on weekday and 7.8% and 9.5% on weekends, report any vigorous intensity activity they have performed. Logistic regression results for moderate and vigorous activity revealed that women, adults with lower SES, those who were employed and young adults were least active in their daily lives than their counterparts. Also the result display that care burden, long labor hours, and feelings of fatigue also play a role as an obstacles of practicing moderate or vigorous activity habits. 이 연구의 목적은 우리나라 사람들이 여가시간 동안 수행하는 신체활동의 수준(degree of activity)을 파악하는데 있다. 분석을 위해 2014생활시간조사원자료 가운데 20세 이상 성인이 작성한 44,111개 일지를 활용하였다. 자료에 나타난 각각의 여가활동은 MET(Metabolic Equivalent Task) 점수를 참고로 격렬한 활동, 가벼운 활동, 일상적 활동 그리고 앉아 있는 행위라는 네 개의 신체활동 유형 중 하나로 분류하였다. 각 신체활동 유형별로 행위자비율과 행위시간을 산출하였고 이에 대한 기술분석, 로지스틱 회귀분석 그리고 교차대응분석이 이루어졌다. 연구결과, 첫째, 한국 성인은 여가시간에 대부분 앉아 있거나, 이동행위와 같은 일상적 활동을 주로 수행하는 것으로 나타났다. 응답자가 일지를 쓴 당일 가벼운 활동을 수행한 행위자비율은 평일 30%, 주말에는 40% 수준이었고 격렬한 활동의 행위자비율은 주중 4.9%, 토요일과 일요일에는 각각 7.8%와 9.5% 수준이었다. 둘째, 가벼운 활동과 격렬한 활동의 행위자 여부는 성별, 연령, 교육과 소득수준, 취업여부, 돌봄상황 그리고 신체적 피로도 등에 따라 차이가 있음을 확인하였다. 가벼운 활동의 경우 평일모델에서 드러난 집단별 차이가 주말모델에서는 유의미하지 않았지만, 격렬한 활동에서는 평일에 비해 주말에 집단별 수행율의 차이가 더 벌어졌다. 셋째, 신체활동과 유급노동시간 그리고 가사노동시간의 관련성을 교차대응분석을 통해 살펴본 결과, 시간제약이 있을 때, 가벼운 활동이나 격렬한 활동은 위축되는 것을 확인하였다.

A Comparative Study of Item Difficulty Hierarchy of Self-Reported Activity Measure Versus Metabolic Equivalent of Tasks

( Bong Sam Choi ) 한국전문물리치료학회 2013 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.20 No.3

The purposes of this study were: 1) to show the item difficulty hierarchy of walking/moving construct of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health-Activity Measure (ICF-AM), 2) to evaluate the item-level psychometrics for model fit, 3) to describe the relevant physical activity defined by level of activity intensity expressed as Metabolic Equivalent of Tasks (MET), and 4) to explore what extent the empirical activity hierarchy of the ICF-AM is linked to the conceptual model based on the level of energy expenditure described as MET. One hundred and eight participants with lower extremity impairments were examined for the present study. A newly created activity measure, the ICF-AM using an item response theory (IRT) model and computer adaptive testing (CAT) method, has a construct on walking/moving construct. Based on the ICF category of walking and moving, the instrument comprised items corresponding to: walking short distances, walking long distances, walking on different surfaces, walking around objects, climbing, and running. The item difficulty hierarchy was created using Winstep software for 20 items. The Rasch analyses (1-parameter IRT model) were performed on participants with lower extremity injuries who completed the paper and pencil version of walking/moving construct of the ICF-AM. The classification of physical activity can also be performed by the use of METs that is often preferred to determine the level of physical activity. The empirical item hierarchy of walking, climbing, running activities of the ICF-AM instrument was similar to the conceptual activity hierarchy based on the METs. The empirically derived item difficulty hierarchy of the ICF-AM may be useful in developing MET-based activity measure questionnaires. In addition to convenience of applying items to questionnaires, implications of the finding could lead to the use of CAT method without sacrificing the objectivity of physiologic measures.

척수손상 장애인 대상 휴식기 신진대사량과 휠체어 주행속도별 신진대사 해당치 측정 연구

강정선(J. S. Kang),김규석(G. S. Kim),홍응표(E. P. Hong),장윤희(Y. H. Chang) 한국재활복지공학회 2020 재활복지공학회논문지 Vol.14 No.2

척수손상 장애인들의 신체활동량 저하와 관련된 문제점들이 대두되면서, 그들의 신체활동 모니터링을 위해 휠체어 활동과 관련된 트래커 개발이나 에너지소비 추정 알고리즘 개발 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 본 연구는 척수손상 장애인의 에너지소비 추정 알고리즘을 개발하기 위한 기초연구로써, 척수손상장애인의 휴식기 신진대사량과 휠체어 주행 속도에 따른 신진대사 해당치를 측정하였다. 9명의 척수손상 장애인을 대상으로 이동식 무선 호흡가스분석기를 이용하여 RMR과 MET를 측정한 후 RMR 측정치와 상용화된 5종 RMR 방정식의 추정치를 비교하였다. 연구결과, 척수손상 장애인의 실제 측정 RMR 값은 Revised Harris-Benedict 방정식 추정치와 가장 근사하였으며, 휠체어 주행속도별 MET 값은 2 km/h 에서 3.00±0.98, 3.5 km/h 에서 4.24±1.48, 5.0 km/h 에서 6.43±2.04으로 나타났으며, 이는 각각 RPE 9, 11, 13단계의 활동수준으로 정상인 RPE 수준보다 고강도의 운동임을 확인하였다. 본 연구결과는 척수손상 휠체어 사용자의 에너지소비 추정 알고리즘 개발을 위한 기초 데이터로써 활용하고자 한다. As problems related to the decrease in physical activity of disabled people with spinal cord injuries are being raised, researches on the development of tracker or energy consumption estimation algorithm related to wheelchair activity are being conducted to monitor their physical activity. This study is a basic study to develop an energy consumption estimation algorithm for disabled people with SCI, and we measured the Resting Metabolic Rate and the Metabolic Equivalent of Task of their by wheelchair driving speed. RMR and MET were measured using a portable wireless breathing gas analyzer for 9 patients with spinal cord injury and the measured RMR values and the estimated values by five RMR equation were compared. The results showed that the actual measured RMR values of SCI patients were close to those of the Revised Harris-Benedict equation. And the MET values for each wheelchair speed was 3.00 ± 0.98 at 2 km / h, 4.24 ± 1.48 at 3.5 km / h and 6.43 ± 2.04 at 5.0 km / h, respectively. It was confirmed that the exercise intensity was higher than the normal RPE level. Our results are intended to be used as basic data for the development of energy consumption estimation algorithm for wheelchair users with SCI.

중학생 신체활동의 영역별,강도별 수준 및 신체적 자기효능감과의 관계

강형길 ( Hyoung Kil Kang ),이규일 ( Gyu Il Lee ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2015 체육과학연구 Vol.26 No.4

Recent studies focus on Metabolic Equivalent Task (MET) to measure levels of and areas of peoples’ physically active lifestyle because MET more readily translate peoples ’subjectively perceived physicality into standardized scores. MET also allows researchers to clearly understand the relationships between peoples’ physicality and psychological variables. Thus, the purpose of this study was to understand the levels of and areas of MET among Korean middle school students and to analyze the relationships between MET scores and physical self-efficacy. A total of 278 questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS 18.0. Exploratory factor analysis, descriptive analyses, and regression analyses indicated that middle school students’ physically active lifestyle occurred in the order school, leisure, housework, and transportation areas. Female students did more physical activity in the areas of housework and transportation, compared to male students. In contrary, male students did the majority of physical activity in the areas of school and leisure. Physical self-efficacy affected students’ MET scores, especially for vigorous intensity activity. With regard to gender differences, physical self-efficacy affected male students’ MET scores in the area of leisure while female students’ MET scores were affected in the areas of school and housework. The results were discussed in light of methodological and pedagogical perspectives, and future research suggestions were provided in the discussion. 최근 국외 연구들은 삶의 영역을 구분하여 신체활동량을 측정하고, Metabolic Equivalent Task (MET) 같은 표준화된 지수로 환원 하는 방안에 주목하고 있다. 이를 통해 주관적으로 인지된 신체활동을 객관적으로 비교하고, 심리변인과의 관계파악을 명확히 하고 있다. 그러나 이러한 접근법을 사용한 국내 연구는 미비한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 중학생의 영역별 강도별 신체활동을 MET 지수로 측정하였고, 신체적 자기효능 감과의 관계를 살펴보았다. 총 278개의 설문지가 SPSS 18.0을 사용한 자료 분석에 사용되었으며, 탐색적 요인분석, 기술분석, 회귀분석이 활용되었다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 남녀 중학생의 영역별 신체활동 비중은 학교영역, 여가영역, 교통영역, 집안일 영역 순으로 나타났다. 남녀를 비교하였을 때, 여학생은 남학생에 비해 집안일 영역과 교통영역의 비중이 높았고, 남학생은 학교영역과 여가영역의 비중이 높았다. 남녀를 통틀어 신체적 자기효능감은 교통영역을 제외한 전 영역에 있어 유의한 영향을 미쳤고, 특히 고강도 활동에 있어 보다 명확한 영향을 미쳤다. 또한 신체적 자기효능감은 여학생의 학교영역과 집안일 영역, 남학생의 여가영역에서 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 연구결과를 바탕으로 학술적 및 현장 지향적 시사점을 논의하였으며, 후속연구를 위한 제언을 제시하였다.

Joint Identification of Genetic Variants for Physical Activity in Korean Population

Kim, Jayoun,Kim, Jaehee,Min, Haesook,Oh, Sohee,Kim, Yeonjung,Lee, Andy H.,Park, Taesung MDPI 2014 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.15 No.7

<P>There has been limited research on genome-wide association with physical activity (PA). This study ascertained genetic associations between PA and 344,893 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers in 8842 Korean samples. PA data were obtained from a validated questionnaire that included information on PA intensity and duration. Metabolic equivalent of tasks were calculated to estimate the total daily PA level for each individual. In addition to single- and multiple-SNP association tests, a pathway enrichment analysis was performed to identify the biological significance of SNP markers. Although no significant SNP was found at genome-wide significance level via single-SNP association tests, 59 genetic variants mapped to 76 genes were identified via a multiple SNP approach using a bootstrap selection stability measure. Pathway analysis for these 59 variants showed that maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) was enriched. Joint identification of SNPs could enable the identification of multiple SNPs with good predictive power for PA and a pathway enriched for PA.</P>

Development of an Energy Expenditure Estimation Formula Associated with the Wheelchair Activity of Disabled People with a Spinal Cord Injury

Jung Sun Kang,Gyoo Suk Kim,Eung-Pyo Hong,Bo Ra Jeong,Yun Hee Chang 한국정밀공학회 2021 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.22 No.6

Patients with a spinal cord injury (SCI) who have been using wheelchairs for a long time are prone to obesity due to decreased physical activity; this often develops into secondary complications, such as metabolic or cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, these patients should be provided with relevant information, such as their calorie consumption, to address issues related to obesity and encourage exercise. This study aimed to develop an estimation formula for the metabolic equivalent of task (MET) and energy expenditure (EE) based on the intensity of wheelchair driving in SCI patients. We analyzed the energy expenditure of 40 patients with SCI while driving the wheelchair at low, moderate, and high intensities on a treadmill using a portable gas analyzer. The MET and EE equations were calculated based on wheelchair speed, and the consistency between the estimated and the measured MET and EE values was then analyzed. Consequently, the estimated METs were 3.4, 4.6, and 6.0 at wheelchair driving speeds of 2.2 km/h, 3.5 km/h, and 5.1 km/h, respectively, and the measured MET was found to be equivalent to moderate and high-intensity physical activities. In addition, the estimated and measured values of the developed MET and EE equations exhibited high reliability based on the intra-class correlation coefficient of 0.958 (95% CI 0.939–.971, p = 0.000) with a limit of agreement from −3.29 to 2.84 kcal. The developed estimation formula can aid in predicting the calorie consumption related to the wheelchair activity of disabled people with SCI.

운동습관이 줄넘기 운동 후 맥박수 회복 시간과 운동자각도에 미치는 영향

한은석,김민주,김선영,정효원,김기송 호서대학교 기초과학연구소 2019 기초과학연구 논문집 Vol.27 No.1

Jump rope is a the most common exercise for the healthy people. However, few studies have been shown how the exercise habits effect on heart rate and perceived exertion scale after jump rope with 100 repetitions. This study aimed to compare the time of heart rate recovery and perceived exertion scale after jump rope with a hundred repetitions between the excercise group and non-exercise group, and also to figure out responding metabolic equivalent of task same as the jump rope with a hundred repetitions. Thirty two healthy university students (male=16, female1=16) were participated in this study and were allocated two groups by excercise habits (exercise group=at least enjoy the sports activity 3 times per a week, over 30 minutes per a time). The pulse oximeter and stopwatch were used to measure time of heart rate recovery and the Borg s scale was used to measure perceived exertion scale after jump rope with a hundred repetitions. Metronome was used to apply the same rhythm of jump rope with a hundred repetitions. Independent t-test was used for statistical analysis (α=.05) There were significant differences in the time of heart rate recovery and perceived exertion scale between the excercise group and non-exercise group. The time of heart rate recovery of exercise group is shorter than that of non-exercise group (p=.001). The perceived exertion scale of exercise group is lower than that of non-exercise group (p=.001). These results suggest that the jump rope with a hundred repetitions could be perceived exertion scale as ‘light exercises’ or ‘fairly hard exercises in Borg s scale in healthy people. Hence, when applying jump rope in clinical setting, it should be considered to be physical exercise which is more than ‘fairly hard exercise

하지 보조기(Hands-Free Crutch)보행 시 20대 정상 성인의 산소 섭취량에 미치는 영향(case study)

박태성(Tae Sung Park),김민찬(Min Chan Kim),안하희(Ha Hee An),신명준(Myung-Jun Shin) 대한심장호흡물리치료학회 2021 대한심장호흡물리치료학회지 Vol.9 No.2

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate changes in oxygen intake during hands-free crutch gait compared with normal gait. Methods: This study was conducted on two adults—one male and one female, both in their 20. A 6-min walking test was conducted using normal gait and hands-free crutch gait performed on separate days. The peak oxygen intake(VO2peak) and lower limb muscle activity were compared using a portable metabolic analyzer and surface electromyography. Results: The results confirmed that hands-free crutch gait had a greater effect on the VO2peak and lower extremity muscle activity compared with normal gait. Conclusion: In the future, if patients with cardio and respiratory system diseases undergo lower extremity surgery or injury, not only lower extremity balance training but also cardio and respiratory system management and education will be required when using assistive devices.