http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
이태용 대한골대사학회 2019 대한골대사학회지 Vol.26 No.3
Background: Osteolytic metastasis is a common destructive form of metastasis, in which there is an increased bone resorption but impaired bone formation. It is hypothesized that the changed mechanical properties of tumor affected bone cells could inhibit its mechanosensing, thus contributing to differences in bone remodeling. Methods: Here, atomic force microscopy indentation on primary bone cells exposed to 50% conditioned medium from Walker 256 (W) carcinoma cell line or its adaptive tumor (T) cells was carried out. Nitric oxide levels of bone cells were monitored in response to low-magnitude, high- frequency (LMHF) vibrations. Results: A stronger sustained inhibitive effect on bone cell viability and differentiation by T cells as compared to that of its cell line was demonstrated. This could be attributed to the higher levels of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in the T-conditioned medium as compared to W-conditioned medium. Bone cell elastic moduli in W and T-groups were found to decrease significantly by 61.0% and 69.6%, respectively compared to control and corresponded to filamentous actin changes. Nitric oxide responses were significantly inhibited in T-conditioned group but not in W-conditioned group. Conclusions: It implied that a change in cell mechanical properties is not sufficient as an indicator of change in mechanosensing ability. Moreover, inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt downstream signaling pathway of TGF-β1 alleviated the inhibition effects on mechanosensing in T-conditioned cells, further suggesting that growth factors such as TGF-β could be good therapeutic targets for osteoblast treatment.
Identifying Mechanically Triggered Settling Mechanism of Pyropia yezoensis Carpospore
Sinyang KIM,Ji Woong LEE,Gwang Hoon KIM,Dong Soo HWANG 한국생물공학회 2021 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10
Macroalgae forests which are most important ecological niche underwater has been demonstrated for decades by human activities. Many countries have tried macroalgae afforestation, understanding settling mechanism of the algal spore in molecular level needs to be studied to make efficient macroalgae afforestation. Here, in this study, we study how mechanical stimulus triggers the settling signaling pathway of the algal spore on an intra cellular and extra cellular view. Regarding with intracellular mechanism, we previously found that stiffness of the substrate affects many morphological aspect of the settling spore, and it is speculated that mechanosensing membrane protein intakes calcium cation when it meets a substrate triggering calcium mediated signaling pathway. Regarding with extra cellular mechanism, few studies reported that there are some adhesive EPS proteins in algal spores and but any of the adhesive proteins have not reported in Pyropia yezoesnsis’ carpospore. We found that there are adhesive EPS protein candidates in the P. yezoensis spore from LC-MS/MS analysis of spore’s EPS. Further experiments to identify more specific mechanism of the spore’s settling mechanism is still proceeding.
Patterning droplets with durotaxis
Style, Robert W.,Che, Yonglu,Park, Su Ji,Weon, Byung Mook,Je, Jung Ho,Hyland, Callen,German, Guy K.,Power, Michael P.,Wilen, Larry A.,Wettlaufer, John S.,Dufresne, Eric R. National Academy of Sciences 2013 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.110 No.31
<P>Numerous cell types have shown a remarkable ability to detect and move along gradients in stiffness of an underlying substrate—a process known as durotaxis. The mechanisms underlying durotaxis are still unresolved, but generally believed to involve active sensing and locomotion. Here, we show that simple liquid droplets also undergo durotaxis. By modulating substrate stiffness, we obtain fine control of droplet position on soft, flat substrates. Unlike other control mechanisms, droplet durotaxis works without imposing chemical, thermal, electrical, or topographical gradients. We show that droplet durotaxis can be used to create large-scale droplet patterns and is potentially useful for many applications, such as microfluidics, thermal control, and microfabrication.</P>
기계적으로 다른 환경에서 예쁜 꼬마선충의 기는 파형 변화
김대연(Daeyeon Kim),변수영(Sooyung Byeon),김세호(Seho Kim),신현정(Jennifer Hyunjong Shin) 대한기계학회 2012 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.36 No.2
예쁜 꼬마선충은 모델 생물로서 지금까지 행동과 이를 제어하는 신경세포들 사이의 관계를 밝히기 위한 많은 연구들이 수행되었다. 본 연구에서는 표면의 강성이 다른 고체 환경에서 꼬마선충의 운동관련 적응행동을 연구하였다. 꼬마선충은 고체 위에서 움직일 때 기는 파형을 조절함으로써 기계적으로 다른 환경에 적응을 한다. 즉, 외부환경이 더 단단해질수록 꼬마선충의 기는 파형의 진폭과 파장이 감소하게 된다. 흥미로운 사실은 기계적인 감각에 결함이 있는 돌연변이의 경우 정상 꼬마선충과는 다른 적응행동을 보인다는 것이다. 이것은 기계적으로 다른 환경에 효과적으로 적응하기 위해서 기계적인 자극을 감지하고 반응하고 적응하는 기작이 있음을 의미한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 꼬마선충이 기계적으로 다른 환경에 적응하는 과정을 설명할 수 있는 신경회로 모델을 제안하였다. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a widely used model organism in biological research. Thanks to the availability of well-established knowledge about its neural connectivity, a wide range of studies have been attempted to uncover the relationship between behaviors and the responsible neurons. In our research, the adaptive behavior of C. elegans in solid environments with different surface rigidities is investigated, where the worm adapts to different mechanical stiffnesses by modulating its crawling waveform. The amplitude and wavelength of the crawling waveform decrease as the environment becomes more rigid. Interestingly, the mechanosensation-defective mutant shows different responses to the surface rigidity compared to those of the wild-type worm. To explain the adaptation process in mechanically different environments, we suggest a plausible neural circuit model.
Ghosh, Ritesh,Choi, Bosung,Kwon, Young Sang,Bashir, Tufail,Bae, Dong-Won,Bae, Hanhong The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2019 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.35 No.6
Sound vibration (SV) treatment can trigger various molecular and physiological changes in plants. Previously, we showed that pre-exposure of Arabidopsis plants to SV boosts its defense response against Botrytis cinerea fungus. The present study was aimed to investigate the changes in the proteome states in the SV-treated Arabidopsis during disease progression. Proteomics analysis identified several upregulated proteins in the SV-infected plants (i.e., SV-treated plants carrying Botrytis infection). These upregulated proteins are involved in a plethora of biological functions, e.g., primary metabolism (i.e., glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, ATP synthesis, cysteine metabolism, and photosynthesis), redox homeostasis, and defense response. Additionally, our enzyme assays confirmed the enhanced activity of antioxidant enzymes in the SV-infected plants compared to control plants. Broadly, our results suggest that SV pre-treatment evokes a more efficient defense response in the SV-infected plants by modulating the primary metabolism and reactive oxygen species scavenging activity.
Ritesh Ghosh,Bosung Choi,Young Sang Kwon,Tufail Bashir,Dong-Won Bae,Hanhong Bae 한국식물병리학회 2019 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.35 No.6
Sound vibration (SV) treatment can trigger various molecular and physiological changes in plants. Previously, we showed that pre-exposure of Arabidopsis plants to SV boosts its defense response against Botrytis cinerea fungus. The present study was aimed to investigate the changes in the proteome states in the SV-treated Arabidopsis during disease progression. Proteomics analysis identified several upregulated proteins in the SVinfected plants (i.e., SV-treated plants carrying Botrytis infection). These upregulated proteins are involved in a plethora of biological functions, e.g., primary metabolism (i.e., glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, ATP synthesis, cysteine metabolism, and photosynthesis), redox homeostasis, and defense response. Additionally, our enzyme assays confirmed the enhanced activity of antioxidant enzymes in the SV-infected plants compared to control plants. Broadly, our results suggest that SV pre-treatment evokes a more efficient defense response in the SV-infected plants by modulating the primary metabolism and reactive oxygen species scavenging activity.