자극성 접촉 피부염을 위한 피부검사

이철헌 ( Cheol Heon Lee ) 대한피부과학회 1997 대한피부과학회지 Vol.35 No.1

Irritant contact, dermati is causes significant disability to numerous consumers and individuals in industry. Irritant contact dermatitis accounts for more than half of contact dermatitis in the general population and this is highest in industrialized countries. The incidence of irritant contact dermatitis is difficult to evaluate because of majority of these patients never seek medical advice for their problem. Only a fev, typical characteristics for an irritant contact dermatitis can be stated. The diagnosis is generally made on the basis of the clinical picture. Several non-invasive bioengineering methods for quantifying and obtaining information that is not detectable clinically have been developed in recent decades. Recently rnany reports on experimental irritant contact de matitis using these new non-invasive bioengineering methods have been published. Irritancy test rported by many authors have been performed using various exposure methods and evaluated by several clinical scoring systems. It is not surprising therefore that there is nowadays a multitude of irritancy testing methods, which hampers the interpretation of results from different laboratories. This article reviews the various irritancy testing methods and patch test procedures t,hat affect the skin react,ion in exper mental irritant cont,act dermatitis. (Kor J Dermatol 1997;35:<1>: 1~10)

Microepidemic of fiberglass dermatitis in the villages near thermoelectric power plant

( Minkee Park ),( Gi Hyun Seong ),( Myeong Jin Park ),( Byung Cheol Park ),( Myung Hwa Kim ),( Seung Phil Hong ) 대한피부과학회 2018 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.70 No.1

It is presumed that many skin diseases are caused by environmental factor, but it is usually difficult to identify the direct cause. Fiberglass dermatitis is a classic example of occupational irritant contact dermatitis owing to the penetration into the skin of over 5 μm in diameter, fine and sharp particles. In May 2016, there was a fire explosion at the thermolelectric power plant, and since then, some nearby residents have appealed the itching of nonspecific aspects. The fire debris contained glass fiber, which was thought to have spread to neighboring villages and caused symptoms. In the spring of 2017, some of the residents recurred the symptoms and were referred to our dermatologic clinic. Fourty among about 600 nearby residents complained of generalized itching and showed nonspecific lesions of irritant contact dermatitis. In 9 among 40 patients, skin biopsy was performed and among them birefringent crystal-like materials were observed in the stratum corneum of seven patients in the polarized light microscope. After that, under electron microscope using Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis, the foreign matters were revealed to mainly consist of Si, Al and Ca, which is consistent with the composition of the glass fiber. Through this case, we learned that it should be considered that nonspecific irritant dermatitis pattern could be due to unidentified environmental factors.

Epidermal Hyperplasia and Elevated HB-EGF are More Prominent in Retinoid Dermatitis Compared with Irritant Contact Dermatitis Induced by Benzalkonium Chloride

( Jung Eun Lee ),( Jae Yong Chang ),( Sang Eun Lee ),( Moon Young Kim ),( Jeong Seon Lee ),( Min Geol Lee ),( Soo Chan Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2010 Annals of Dermatology Vol.22 No.3

Background: `Retinoid dermatitis` is a retinoid-induced irritant contact dermatitis (ICD). The mechanism of retinoid dermatitis may be different from that of other ICDs. However, it remains uncertain how topical retinoid induce ICD. Objective: We compared several aspects of contact dermatitis induced by topical retinol and benzalkonium chloride (BKC) on hairless mice skin. Methods: 2% retinol or 2.5% BKC was applied to hairless mice and transepidermal water loss (TEWL), ear thickness, histologic and immunohistochemical findings were compared. We also compared mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines, epidermal differential markers, cyclooxygenases (COXs) and heparin binding epidermal growth factor like growth factor (HB-EGF). Results: Topical application of 2% retinol and 2.5% BKC increased TEWL and ear thickness in similar intensity. Epidermal hyperplasia was more prominent in retinol treated skin. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen, involucrin and loricrin expression were higher in retinol-treated skin than in BKC-treated skin. Filaggrin, however, was more expressed in BKC-treated skin. The mRNA expression of IL-8, TNF-α, COX-2, involucrin, loricrin and filaggrin were increased in both retinol- and BKC-treated skin in similar intensity. HB-EGF was more significantly increased in retinol-treated skin. Conclusion: Elevated HB-EGF and epidermal hyperplasiahyperplasia are more prominent features of retinoid dermatitis than in BKC-induced ICD. (Ann Dermatol 22(3) 290∼299, 2010)

The Study of Irritancy of Surfactants with Low Concentration by Non-invasive Bioengineering Methods

Kim, Dai Ho,Lee, Ha Rin,Choi, Sung Woo,Kim, Hyung Ok 가톨릭대학교 2000 Bulletin of The Catholic Research Institutes of Me Vol.28 No.-

The bioengineering methods for investigation irritant skin reaction have been developed for several decades to evaluate the irritation potential more objectively and quantitatively and obtain the information which is not obvious by the visual examination. The purpose of this study was to compare the irritant skin reaction of three kinds of surfactants with various low concentration which produce little reaction visually and investigative the threshold concentration that is reliable for patch test. Also we investigate the sensitivity and the correlation between visual examination and bioengineering methods in different four concentration of surfactants. Twenty healthy volunteers were patch tested with 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 1.0% of sodium lauryl sulfate(SLS), cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride(CETAC), POE(20) sorbitan monolaurate(Tween-20) on the flexor side for the Lt. Forearm. The result of patch test was evaluated by visual scoring, evaporimeter, clorimeter, and corneometer until 72 hours. The results were as follows : 1. SLS, anionic surfactant, showed the highest irritation potential in visual scoring, TEWL, and skin color measurement. And CETAC, cationic surfactant, showed greatest irritation in corneometer measurements than other surfactants. 2. TEWL was the most sensitive method for evaluation of skin irritation and correlated most closely with visual examination. 3. Concentration of surfactant higher than 0.1% showed to produce reliable and constant result of skin irritation as experimental primary irritant. In conclusion, SLS is proved to be the most appropriate primary irritant for studying irritant contact dermatitis, and the degree and mode of skin irritation is different according to the concentration and kinds of surfactants. TEWL measurement is the most sensitive bioengineering method, which could detect early stage of irritation and correlate well with visual examination. (Korean Journal of Dermatology 37(9):1276-1285, 1999)

미나리아재비에 의한 자극피부염

신현진 ( Hyun Jin Shin ),김형동 ( Hyung Dong Kim ),이성열 ( Sung Yul Lee ),이종석 ( Jong Suk Lee ),황규왕 ( Kyu Uang Whang ) 대한피부과학회 2006 대한피부과학회지 Vol.44 No.8

Irritant dermatitis is the most frequent type of plant-related dermatitis. Plant families most commonly associated with irritation are Ranunculaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Cruciferae, Brassicaceae, Urticaceae, and Solanaceae. We report a case of irritant contact dermatitis caused by Ranunculus japonicus for the treatment of arthralgia in a 78 year old female. (Korean J Dermatol 2006;44(8):988~990)

선인장과 빙초산에 의한 원발성 자극 피부염

이상원,정상원,차승훈,박석돈 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 1998 圓光醫科學 Vol.14 No.1

Cactus is a worldwidly distributed ornamental plant with irritant hairs, some cacti species have juices that are powerful primary irritants. There are several reports of contact dermatitis related to topical application of cacti in the English literatures. Acetic acid is a highly irritant strong acid and corrosive agent. It causes chemical bum or primary irritant contact dermatitis. A 64 year old female patient was suffered from painful edema, erythema, ulcer and vesicle on dorsum of left hand. The symptom was caused by contact with crushed cacti dissolved in industrial grade acetic acid as a folk medicine for the treatment of scaly patch on dorsum of left hand. The skin lesion of the patient was healed leaving fibrosing scar with the limitation of finger movements.

마늘에 의한 자극성 접촉피부염 1예

조상현,배은영,이창남,유충의,이정덕 대한피부과학회 2003 대한피부과학회지 Vol.41 No.3

Garlic has been employed for thousands of years in virtually all cultures for the prevention and the treatment of a wide variety of ailments such as parasitic and fungal infections, chest pain and rheumatism. However, garlic may cause the allergic and irritant contact dermatitis. We experienced a case of irritant contact dermatitis on both legs after external application of garlic. The patient was treated successfully with systemic steroid and wet dressing. We insist the practice of direct application of fresh garlic onto the skin for treating infections should be discouraged.(Korean J Dermatol 2003;41(3) : 385∼387)

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate의 반복적인 자극에 의한 내성현상의 유도에 대한 연구

최지훈 ( Ji Hoon Choi ),이희봉 ( Hee Bong Lee ),박창근 ( Chang Kuen Park ),조희진 ( Hee Jin Cho ),박천욱 ( Chun Wook Park ),이철헌 ( Cheol Heon Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2008 대한피부과학회지 Vol.46 No.8

Background: Chronic irritant contact dermatitis, the common occupational dermatitis of the skin, could be caused by repetitive exposure of the skin to irritants. Adaptation of the skin to repeated influence of exogenous irritants is called the hardening. The defining characteristic of hardening phenomenon has been progressively decreasing inflammatory response with prolonged exposure to an irritant. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the induction of hardening phenomenon by the repeated application of various concentrated sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) solutions. Methods: Once a day a 0.1%, 0.5%, 2% solution of SLS and distilled water were applied to the volar forearm skin in 15 healthy volunteers for 10 minutes over 3 weeks. After 3 weeks interval of rest, patch tests with 1% solution of SLS were conducted on previously irritated sites for 24 hours. We measured transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and erythema index (E-index) before irritation, during 3 weeks of repeated application. 4 days after the patches test, we measured TEWL and E-index once a day. Results: During 3 weeks of irritation with repeated application of 0.1%, 0.5%, 2% SLS solution, increase of TEWL was accelerated according to concentrations of SLS. In the study of 24-h patch test with 1% SLS solution on previously irritated sites after 3 weeks interval of rest, TEWL on distilled water application site was significantly higher than other sites irritated with SLS solution on D44 and D45. The TEWL values on the site irritated with higher concentration of SLS solution were lower than those with lower concentration of SLS solution. In contrast, there were no significant differences in E-index value during 3 weeks of irritation and after 24-h patch test with 1% SLS solution. Conclusion: Hardening could be induced by repeated irritation with SLS solution for 3 weeks. We suggest that hardening could be induced more efficiently with the higher concentration of SLS solution than the lower concentration. (Korean J Dermatol 2008;46(8):1036-1041)

A Simple Method to Treat Mask-Induced Aggravation of Atopic Dermatitis during the COVID-19 Pandemic Using Silicone Tape

손준호,홍용준,주성진,김미리 대한피부과학회 2024 대한피부과학회지 Vol.62 No.5

During the long-term COVID-19 pandemic, wearing a mask is inevitable for protecting individuals from airborne infection. In this case, we found out that mask may exacerbate atopic dermatitis and it can be treated simply and effectively using silicone tape. We suggest that throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, silicone tape can be beneficial in both preventing and treating eczema caused by mask-wearing, especially in patients with atopic dermatitis.

A study of a method for distribution analysis of skin color

Ha, Seunghan,Lee, Minhee,Lee, Onseok,Lee, Gunwoo,Kim, Jeayoung,Moon, Jongsub,Kim, Mingi,Oh, Chilhwan Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2009 SKIN RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.15 No.2

<P>Background/aims</P><P>The objective and quantitative assessment of the skin is important in medical and cosmeceutical research. Assessment of color is an important element for analyzing the surface of the skin, which is usually determined subjectively by a doctor or using color analysis devices. These devices, however, cannot provide correct color information because color is construed from the mean value of the observation region, and analysis of color distribution is impossible. The purpose of this paper is to develop an objective analysis method to permit skin color measurement of each pixel unit of an image and analyze the distribution of skin surface color.</P><P>Methods</P><P>The Skin Color Distribution Analyzer (SCDA) is an analysis method newly developed at the Research Institute for Skin Image at Korea University. The SCDA system presented in this paper performed a novel form of quantitative and objective analysis of skin color distribution using each pixel color model parameter found in image wavelength information.</P><P>In this paper, distribution analysis was conducted on normal skin and skin lesions and skin affected by artificially induced irritant contact dermatitis and pigmented nevous. The method selected a grade using a color model parameter. Twenty healthy Korean males participated in this study. A comparative study of the eight anatomical areas was performed, including the exposure and non-exposure parts and the medial aspect and the lateral aspect of the forearm. A reliability test for the SCDA system was also conducted with a spectrometer (SPEC) using the color analysis method.</P><P>Results</P><P>Each skin lesion was precisely segmented by grade and each parameter hada different statistical significance for results of analysis of distribution in pigmented nevous and the artificially induced irritant contact dermatitis. Parameters <I>L</I><SUP>*</SUP>, <I>b</I><SUP>*</SUP>, <I>a</I><SUP>*</SUP>, and EI showed salient traits. Showed resemble measured result in the SCDA system and the SPEC of normal skin. The exposed site, in comparison with the non-exposed site, showed a notable difference in the <I>L</I><SUP>*</SUP> parameter and a significant statistical difference in the <I>x</I> and <I>z</I> parameters, except <I>b</I><SUP>*</SUP>. The comparison of the medial and lateral aspects of the forearm showed a notable difference in the <I>L</I><SUP>*</SUP> parameter and a significant statistical difference in the parameters except <I>y</I> and <I>b</I><SUP>*</SUP>. In the reliability test result using the SCDA system and the SPEC, the SCDA system was highly reliabile in terms of the CV value in all color model parameters.</P><P>Conclusions</P><P>The color distribution analysis method using the SCDA system has revealed an aspect that the existent method of medical research has not shown, and is considered to be more reliable than other methods. This method can provide better study findings because it can be applied to other fields in addition to the medical science field and the ripple effect is thought to be bigger in other science field too.</P>