국제특허분류(IPC)의 융복합성 분석과 심사·심판에의 활용방안에 관한 연구

조재신 한국지식재산학회 2012 産業財産權 Vol.- No.38

As the fusion between technologies has been accelerated, the boundary between industries has become blurred, new products have rapidly come to the market, and a huge amount of patent documents are annually published. As with Korea, more than 170,000 patents are annually filed, and as patents filed overseas being considered, its amounts could be beyond our imagination. Thus, a research on the fusion between technologies, which is described in patent documents, is really important. The object of this research is to establish a new concept of technologies-convergence and integration in the patent field and to analyze the extent where technologies are integrated and converged within the International Patent Classification. First, the research has focused on establishing a concept related to technologies-convergence and integration in the patent field. Second, the research has analyzed the extent where technologies are integrated and converged within the International Patent Classification, based on a specified code of International Patent Classification. The research has established a concept of technologies-convergence and integration and suggested a methodology for measuring the extent where technologies are integrated and converged of four technology fields in the International Patent Classification. Firstly, unlike previous researches, which explained the phenomenon of convergence and integration academically, the research is significant in establishing a concept of technologies-convergence and integration in the patent field. The research is very important in analyzing the extent where technologies are integrated and converged on the sub-group of the IPC. In order to analyze how much each technology of the IPC code is converged and integrated, the research has suggested a way to discern between a code for technologies-convergence and integration(in progress) and a code for non-integration and non-convergence, through various indexes measuring the extent where technologies are integrated and converged, by using common classification analysis utilizing main classification/sub classification of patent documents. The research shows the results as such; first, by selecting a proper index representing the extent where technologies are integrated and converged, the IPC can be classified into 3 types for each technology, such as a code for technologies-integration and convergence(finished), a code for a code for technologies-convergence and integration(in progress), a code for non-integration and non-convergence. As for a code for technologies-integration and convergence(finished) and a code for a code for technologies-convergence and integration(in progress), through the research results, the extent where technologies are integrated and converged of each technology can be recognized. Moreover, through the ratio of the total number of codes to a code for technologies-integration and convergence(finished), the rate of integration and convergence(%) of the IPC can be also measured.

미국 ICT기업의 국제특허분류 공동출현 네트워크 특성에 관한 연구: 기술유사성과 기술응용성을 중심으로

노태우,조길수,이창준 한국혁신학회 2021 한국혁신학회지 Vol.16 No.2

The purpose of this study is to confirm the degree of technology similarity of MAGA, which leads the US ICT industry, and to examine the technology application of each company. MAGA (Microsoft, Apple, Google, Amazon), the four major ICT companies in the United States and a group of companies leading the future, accumulated intellectual property through patents. Through international patent classification (IPC), we examined how MAGA’s technologies are combined with other technologies and investigated differences in technology application by each company. In order to confirm the technology similarity of MAGA, we used the IPC co-occurrence network. The number of IPC samples limited to MAGA is 68,732, inclusive of registered and applied patents. We analyzed the technologies used in common by forming a pair of the top 10 companies in each company’s IPC in order of frequency. The top 10 IPCs were extracted based on the degree of centrality for each company, and the similarity and application of the technologies were verified with an edge value. The most commonly registered and applied technology by MAGA is G06F, which shows that it uses the most electrical digital data processing, and most of the other technologies are verified to be similar. 4차산업혁명 시대가 도래하면서 사물인터넷, 인공지능, 빅데이터 등 관련 기술에 관한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 기술은 혁신을 통해 생성되기 때문에 기업은 기술혁신을 통한 기업성장에 주목해야 한다. 기업의 기술혁신을 통해 생성된 지식은 생산성을 향상하는 등 기업성장에 중심적인 역할을 한다. 미국의 4대 ICT 기업이자 미래를 선도하는 기업인 MAGA (Microsoft, Apple, Google, Amazon)는 특허를 통해 지식재산을 축적하였다. 본 연구는 과연 미국 ICT 산업을 선도하는 MAGA가 가지는 기술유사성은 어느 정도인지를 확인하고 각 기업이 가지는 기술응용성을 확인하고자 한다. MAGA가 보유한 기술을 국제특허분류(IPC, international patent classification)를 통해 어떤 기술들이 다른 기술들과 결합하는지 살펴보고, 기업별로 기술응용에 나타나는 차이를 살펴보았다. MAGA의 기술유사성을 확인하기 위해 본 연구는 IPC 공동출현 네트워크를 이용하였다. MAGA로 한정한 IPC 표본의 수는 등록 및 출원특허를 합한 68,732개이며, 이 정보는 빈도수 분석과 네트워크 분석을 통해 검증하였다. 기업별 IPC는 빈도순으로 상위 10개를 기업끼리 짝(pair)을 이루어서 공통으로 사용하고 있는 기술을 살펴보았다. 기업별 중심성(centrality)을 정도(degree) 기준으로 상위 10개의 IPC를 추출하여 유사성(similarity)을 확인하고 엣지(edge) 값으로 기술들의 연관성을 보았다. 분석결과 MAGA가 공통으로 가장 많이 등록, 출원한 기술은 G06F으로 전자 정보 처리(electrical digital data processing)를 가장 많이 사용하는 것으로 나타나며 나머지 기술들도 대부분 유사한 것으로 검증되었다.

국제특허분류(IPC) 코드 기반 특허네트워크 비교분석에 관한 연구

이대용(Dae-Yong Lee),전창욱(Chang-Wook Jeon),김선근(Sun-Geun Kim) 인문사회과학기술융합학회 2018 예술인문사회융합멀티미디어논문지 Vol.8 No.10

본 연구는 국제특허분류(IPC)코드 기반의 특허 네트워크 비교 분석에 관한 연구로 식물공장(Smart farm) 관련 기술의 국제적인 추세 및 특성을 파악하기 위해 미국, 일본, 한국 특허출원을 비교대상으로 하였다. IPC 코드의 그룹 및 클래스수준 별 출원을 조사하여 핵심 기술 분야와 특허 기술변화를 분석하였고 Markov Chain Monte Carlo 네트워크 유의성 검정을 통하여 정책적 시사점을 도출하였다. 식물공장에 있어 미국 특허출원의 경우는 시스템제어 및 시설기술이, 일본 특허출원의 경우 양액과 컨베이어 등 재배기술이, 한국의 경우 조명과 Smart System 등 IoT 응용기술 중심의 연결관계 특성이 파악되었다. 본 연구에서 제시한 IPC코드 기반 특허 네트워크 비교분석을 통해 기술의 트렌드를 보다 심층적으로 예측할 수 있다. 이러한 분석결과를 기반으로 국내 기업들은 향후 각 분야별 기술로드맵에 따라 세계 주요국의 출원에서 중점적으로 진행되고 있는 분야에 관한 지식을 검토하여 지속적으로 관련기술을 연구개발 하여야 함을 제시하였다. This study is about the Patent Network Comparitive analysis of relevant countries and technologies based on International Patent Classification (IPC) code. Totally 836 patent applications in the field of Smart farm are the subjects of this study. First, we investigated the number of applications and registrations per IPC code so that we could analyze the core technology areas and the status of patent application. In addition, we examined the convergence of technologies by investigating Patent Network from interconnections between main and subcategories of IPC codes. Lastly, we looked into the changes in patent technologies by investigating the status of application per IPC code in accordance with year. By analyzing the IPC code based patent information used in this study, we could further expect the trends of technologies.

고효율 흡수식 냉동기의 특허기술 분석연구

박윤철,심윤희,배영문 대한설비공학회 2004 설비공학 논문집 Vol.16 No.4

A technical analysis was conducted to predict the development trend for the highly efficient absorption type refrigeration system. The study was based on a submitted patent during January 1981 and December 2000 in Korea, Japan and America. The total number of extruded patents from the registered database was 24,822 and the filtering process makes the reduction of the data number to 3,510.Technical development of Japan for the absorption type refrigeration system is prominent compared to the other country due to approximately 75% of the patents coming from Japan. When the patent is divided into two categories, the patent for component technology for the refrigeration system makes up 75% and the refrigerating type technology 25% of the patents. This shows technical development for the system component is advanced compared to the technology development for the system type. When the patents are classified by nationality of patent applicants, foreigners contribute up to 33% of the patents in Korea. However, Japan's case shows the 99% of the patents are invented by the Japanese. If the patents are classified to the International Patent Classification, most of the data for the absorption type refrigeration system belongs to IPC F25B.

2000년대 기계공학분야 특허출원동향 분석

조영현(CHO Younghyun) 대한기계학회 2010 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2010 No.11

This paper aims to analyze recent trends in application and approval of patents in the field of mechanical engineering. This analysis is based on the International Patent Classification(IPC), a hierarchical system of patent classification. Created under the Strasbourg Agreement (1971), IPC has 8 sections from A to H, among which the section F covers the area of mechanical engineering. Through the analysis presented in this paper, we will find a significant phenomena in regards to the patents listed under the section B and section F. Conspicuously enough, the patents related to the mechanical engineering (and therefore listed under the section B and section F) tend to fall under multiple segments at the same time, especially since 2000. This not only intimates an important trends in R&D and patent applications in the field of mechanical engineering, but also lets us have critical prospects and strategical minds for the decades to come.

Preliminary Study of Bioinformatics Patents and Their Classifications Registered in the KIPRIS Database

박현석 한국유전체학회 2012 Genomics & informatics Vol.10 No.4

Whereas a vast amount of new information on bioinformatics is made available to the public through patents, only a small set of patents are cited in academic papers. A detailed analysis of registered bioinformatics patents, using the existing patent search system, can provide valuable information links between science and technology. However, it is extremely difficult to select keywords to capture bioinformatics patents, reflecting the convergence of several underlying technologies. No single word or even several words are sufficient to identify such patents. The analysis of patent subclasses can provide valuable information. In this paper, I did a preliminary study of the current status of bioinformatics patents and their International Patent Classification (IPC) groups registered in the Korea Intellectual Property Rights Information Service (KIPRIS) database.

Preliminary Study of Bioinformatics Patents and Their Classifications Registered in the KIPRIS Database

Park, Hyun-Seok Korea Genome Organization 2012 Genomics & informatics Vol.10 No.4

Whereas a vast amount of new information on bioinformatics is made available to the public through patents, only a small set of patents are cited in academic papers. A detailed analysis of registered bioinformatics patents, using the existing patent search system, can provide valuable information links between science and technology. However, it is extremely difficult to select keywords to capture bioinformatics patents, reflecting the convergence of several underlying technologies. No single word or even several words are sufficient to identify such patents. The analysis of patent subclasses can provide valuable information. In this paper, I did a preliminary study of the current status of bioinformatics patents and their International Patent Classification (IPC) groups registered in the Korea Intellectual Property Rights Information Service (KIPRIS) database.

국제특허분류(IPC) 네트워크 분석을 통한 전력-Digital Transformation 기술간의 융복합 혁신동향 연구

정지준(Ji-joon Jung),이덕희(Deok-hee Lee) 한국경영학회 2020 Korea Business Review Vol.24 No.신년 특별호

4차 산업혁명 기반 기술들이 전력산업에 접목되면서 전력산업의 Digital Transformation이 진행되고 있으며, 이로 인해 에너지 생산-발전-송배전-고객까지 전력산업 내 전 가치사슬 전체에 대전환이 벌어지고 있다. 이 연구는 국내 전력산업 전분야를 총괄하는 한국전력공사와 자회사 특허분석을 통하여 전력산업 내의 Digital Transformation 핵심기술들의 융복합 혁신동향을 분석하고, 운영효율성에 미치는 영향을 파악하여 올바른 전략을 세우는 것이 이 연구의 목표로 한다. 문헌고찰을 통해 전력-Digital Transformation 기술 융복합 영향에 관한 2가지 연구가설을 도출하였다. 이 연구에서는 1998년부터 2018년까지의 20년간 9,669개의 전력산업 특허를 분석하고 Digital Transformation의 핵심기술(AI, Big data, IoT, Cloud)의 영향을 IPC코드들의 네트워크 분석방법을 통해 알아보고, 다중회귀분석을 통하여 전력산업에 어떻게 영향을 끼치는지 분석하였다. 이 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 전력산업에 IoT–AI–Bigdata-Cloud 관련 기술순으로 융복합을 주도하는 매개중심성이 크게 나타났다. 둘째, 전력설비 운영 효율화 활동을 평가하다고 평가되어지는 전력손실률과의 회귀분석을 통해 IoT기술의 연결성이 전력효율성과 유의미한 음의 상관관계를 가진다고 분석되었다. 이 연구를 통해 향후 올바른 정책방향을 수립하고 향 후 Digital Transformation 지표를 만들어 동종, 이종산업 간 정도를 비교분석 할 수 있을 것이다. As the technology based on the Fourth Industrial Revolution is applied to the power industry, the digital transformation of the power industry is proceeding. The energy production – power generation, transmission, and distribution – customers are going through the entire value chain in the power industry. This study aims to establish a proper strategy by analyzing the trends of fusion and innovation of the core technologies of digital transformation within the power industry through a patent analysis of the Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO) and its subsidiaries, which cover all fields of the Korean power industry due to its monopoly. Through a literature review, we derived two research hypotheses on the effect of the powerdigital transformation technology fusion. This study analyzed 9,669 power industry patents over 20 years from 1998 to 2018 and examined the influence of the core technologies of digital transformation (AI, Big data, IoT, Cloud) through the network analysis method. It then investigated the effects on the power industry through multiple regression analysis. The results of this study are as follows. First, there was high betweenness centrality leading convergence in the power industry regarding Big data, AI, Cloud, and IoT, in this order. Second, through regression analysis with power loss rate, which is determined to evaluate power plant operation efficiency activities, we found that connectivity of IoT technology has a significant negative correlation with power efficiency. This study will enable the establishment of appropriate policy directions for the future power industry and a comparative analysis of the degree of homogeneity and heterogeneity by creating a digital transformation index.

특허정보를 이용한 인공지능 기술 동향 분석

박재용(Jae-Yong Park) 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2018 韓國컴퓨터情報學會論文誌 Vol.23 No.4

In this paper, we propose wide range of categorizes Artificial Intelligence technology as Learning, Inference, and Cognitive. Also, it analyzes 758 cases of open patents. For an analysis, target technologies were selected and categorized into specific areas to collect information about the patents. After removing noise, the patent information for each technology such as patent assignees and IPC code, was analyzed to evaluate the maturity of technology, the way ahead for research and development and the trends in core technology. This research presents directions of Artificial intelligence technology research and trend analysis of core Artificial Intelligent technology using quantitative analysis of patent information. Also Artificial intelligence technology requires technological development necessity through close cooperation in diverse fields.

한국 국가 R&D의 학제적 특성 분석 - 특허 공동IPC 연결망 분석의 활용 -

박현석,서원철,윤장혁 한국문헌정보학회 2012 한국문헌정보학회지 Vol.46 No.4

This paper proposes a method of using national R&D patents’ CoIPC networks to identify interdisciplinary trends of technology areas related to Korean national R&D. While previous research analyzed interdisciplinarity of national R&D with simple bibliometric descriptions, this research uses the network-based indexes to analyze its interdisciplinarity from the viewpoints of interdisciplinary “diversity of coupling” and “strength of coupling”. In this research, this proposed method was used to form a R&D CoIPC network from the Korean national R&D patents registered from 2007 to 2010. It is expected that the proposed method can be incorporated into a system for a national R&D trend analysis, and used to identify the issues of technology convergence in national R&D and formulate its related research policies. 본 연구는 국가 R&D와 관련된 기술분야들의 학제적 특성을 분석하기 위한 특허 공동IPC 연결망 기반의 방법을 제시한다. 기존의 연구는 국가 R&D에 대한 학제성 분석이 단순 통계수준의 계량정보에 그쳤다는 점을 고려할 때, 본 연구에서 제시되는 연결망 분석 기반의 지표들은 학제적 다양성과 결합강도 관점에서 국가 R&D에 관련된 기술들의 학제성을 분석할 수 있도록 한다. 본 연구에서는 제시된 방법에 따라 2007-2010년 사이에 등록된 국가 R&D 특허들을 활용하여 국가 R&D 공동IPC 연결망을 생성 및 분석함으로써 국가 R&D 기술분야들에 대한 학제적 특성분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구는 추후 자동화된 국가 R&D 동향분석 시스템 개발에 활용되거나, 또한 국가 R&D 정책 수립 시 기술융합의 현안 도출 및 동향 이해를 위한 프로세스에 활용될 수 있을 것이다.